Overcoming Film Quality Issues for Conjugated Polymers Doped with F4TCNQ by Solution Sequential Processing: Hall Effect, Structural, and Optical Measurements

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• 作者：D. Tyler Scholes ; Steven A. Hawks ; Patrick Y. Yee ; Hao Wu ; Jeffrey R. Lindemuth ; Sarah H. Tolbert ; Benjamin J. Schwartz
• 刊名：The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 3, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：6
• 期：23
• 页码：4786-4793
• 全文大小：464K
• ISSN：1948-7185

文摘

We demonstrate that solution-sequential processing (SqP) can yield heavily doped pristine-quality films when used to infiltrate the molecular dopant 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F₄TCNQ) into pure poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) polymer layers. Profilometry measurements show that the SqP method produces doped films with essentially the same surface roughness as pristine films, and 2-D grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) confirms that SqP preserves both the size and orientation of the pristine polymer鈥檚 crystallites. Unlike traditional blend-cast F₄TCNQ/P3HT doped films, our sequentially processed layers have tunable and reproducible conductivities reaching as high as 5.5 S/cm even when measured over macroscopic (>1 cm) distances. The high conductivity and superb film quality allow for meaningful Hall effect measurements, which reveal p-type conduction and carrier concentrations tunable from 10¹⁶ to 10²⁰ cm^鈥? and hole mobilities ranging from 鈭?.003 to 0.02 cm² V^鈥? s^鈥? at room temperature over the doping levels examined.