Oxygen- and Nitrogen-Enriched 3D Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors of High Volumetric Capacity

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• 作者：Jia Li ; Kang Liu ; Xiang Gao ; Bin Yao ; Kaifu Huo ; Yongliang Cheng ; Xiaofeng Cheng ; Dongchang Chen ; Bo Wang ; Wanmei Sun ; Dong Ding ; Meilin Liu ; Liang Huang
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 11, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：7
• 期：44
• 页码：24622-24628
• 全文大小：521K
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

Efficient utilization and broader commercialization of alternative energies (e.g., solar, wind, and geothermal) hinges on the performance and cost of energy storage and conversion systems. For now and in the foreseeable future, the combination of rechargeable batteries and electrochemical capacitors remains the most promising option for many energy storage applications. Porous carbonaceous materials have been widely used as an electrode for batteries and supercapacitors. To date, however, the highest specific capacitance of an electrochemical double layer capacitor is only 鈭?00 F/g, although a wide variety of synthetic approaches have been explored in creating optimized porous structures. Here, we report our findings in the synthesis of porous carbon through a simple, one-step process: direct carbonization of kelp in an NH₃ atmosphere at 700 掳C. The resulting oxygen- and nitrogen-enriched carbon has a three-dimensional structure with specific surface area greater than 1000 m²/g. When evaluated as an electrode for electrochemical double layer capacitors, the porous carbon structure demonstrated excellent volumetric capacitance (>360 F/cm³) with excellent cycling stability. This simple approach to low-cost carbonaceous materials with unique architecture and functionality could be a promising alternative to fabrication of porous carbon structures for many practical applications, including batteries and fuel cells.