Pb2+—N Bonding Chemistry: Recycling of Polyaniline–Pb Nanocrystals Waste for Generating High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes

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• 作者：Plawan Kumar Jha ; Santosh K. Singh ; Suresh Gatla ; Olivier Mathon ; Sreekumar Kurungot ; Nirmalya Ballav
• 刊名：Journal of Physical Chemistry C
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 21, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：120
• 期：2
• 页码：911-918
• 全文大小：506K
• ISSN：1932-7455

文摘

Understanding of Pb—N bonding chemistry is not only fundamentally important in the view of relativistic inert-pair effect but also is important for therapeutic as well as environmental applications. In the present study, an unusual reactivity of N-containing π-conjugated polyaniline emeraldine base (EB) toward aqueous Pb²⁺ ions has been identified. In the course of sequestering Pb²⁺ ions by EB, cuboid-shaped nanocrystals were isolated. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were employed to understand Pb–N bonding chemistry in EB-Pb nanocrystals. The adopted methodology of slow exposure of HCl vapor to EB-Pb nanomaterial facilitated the isolation of polyaniline emeraldine-salt (ES) with unique morphological patterns, porosity and electrical conductivity. The electrochemical device based on recycled ES showed high-capacitance value (～606 F/g @1 A/g and ～663 F/g @10 mV/s), high-energy density (～14.8 Wh/kg at power density of ～663 W/kg) and excellent-cycling stability (only ～15% degradation after 1100 continued cycles at current density of 5 A/g). Notably, ES materials prepared directly from EB and upon exposing HNOb>3b> vapor exhibited greatly inferior device performance.