Nanoscale Control of Rewriteable Doping Patterns in Pristine Graphene/Boron Nitride Heterostructures

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• 作者：Jairo Velasco Jr. ; Long Ju ; Dillon Wong ; Salman Kahn ; Juwon Lee ; Hsin-Zon Tsai ; Chad Germany ; Sebastian Wickenburg ; Jiong Lu ; Takashi Taniguchi ; Kenji Watanabe ; Alex Zettl ; Feng Wang ; Michael F. Crommie
• 刊名：Nano Letters
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 9, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：16
• 期：3
• 页码：1620-1625
• 全文大小：352K
• ISSN：1530-6992

文摘

Nanoscale control of charge doping in two-dimensional (2D) materials permits the realization of electronic analogs of optical phenomena, relativistic physics at low energies, and technologically promising nanoelectronics. Electrostatic gating and chemical doping are the two most common methods to achieve local control of such doping. However, these approaches suffer from complicated fabrication processes that introduce contamination, change material properties irreversibly, and lack flexible pattern control. Here we demonstrate a clean, simple, and reversible technique that permits writing, reading, and erasing of doping patterns for 2D materials at the nanometer scale. We accomplish this by employing a graphene/boron nitride heterostructure that is equipped with a bottom gate electrode. By using electron transport and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we demonstrate that spatial control of charge doping can be realized with the application of either light or STM tip voltage excitations in conjunction with a gate electric field. Our straightforward and novel technique provides a new path toward on-demand graphene p–n junctions and ultrathin memory devices.