Probing Ternary Solvent Effect in High Voc Polymer Solar Cells Using Advanced AFM Techniques

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• 作者：Chao Li ; Yi Ding ; Mikhael Soliman ; Josie Lorenzo ; Nitesh Dhasmana ; Panit Chantharasupawong ; Anton V. Ievlev ; Andre J. Gesquiere ; Laurene Tetard ; Jayan Thomas
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 24, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：8
• 期：7
• 页码：4730-4738
• 全文大小：576K
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

This work describes a simple method to develop a high V_oc low band gap PSCs. In addition, two new atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale characterization techniques to study the surface morphology and physical properties of the structured active layer are introduced. With the help of ternary solvent processing of the active layer and C₆₀ buffer layer, a bulk heterojunction PSC with V_oc more than 0.9 V and conversion efficiency 7.5% is developed. In order to understand the fundamental properties of the materials ruling the performance of the PSCs tested, AFM-based nanoscale characterization techniques including Pulsed-Force-Mode AFM (PFM-AFM) and Mode-Synthesizing AFM (MSAFM) are introduced. Interestingly, MSAFM exhibits high sensitivity for direct visualization of the donor–acceptor phases in the active layer of the PSCs. Finally, conductive-AFM (cAFM) studies reveal local variations in conductivity in the donor and acceptor phases as well as a significant increase in photocurrent in the PTB7:ICBA sample obtained with the ternary solvent processing.