Experimental Measurements of Bitumen–Water Aquathermolysis during a Steam-Injection Process

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• 作者：Na Jia ; Hongying Zhao ; Tao Yang ; Tair Ibatullin ; Jinglin Gao
• 刊名：Energy & Fuels
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 21, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：30
• 期：7
• 页码：5291-5299
• 全文大小：491K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5029

文摘

Laboratory studies and pilot project tests have shown that appreciable amounts of H₂S and CO₂ could be generated as a result of the aquathermolysis reaction between bitumen and steam or hot water during thermal recovery operations. A detailed experimental study was carried out to investigate the H₂S generation mechanism that occurs during the recovery processes. A laboratory setup was designed and assembled that allowed for aquathermolysis tests to be carried out under controlled pressure conditions and at temperatures to 250 °C. Aquathermolysis tests on a defined ratio of bitumen and water sample were carried out at 225 and 245 °C over 3, 10, and 30 day reaction periods. Phase sampling and analysis procedures were developed to quantify the amount of H₂S and CO₂ generated during the individual vapor and aqueous phases. Vapor- and liquid-phase composition and bitumen properties, including viscosity and density, were analyzed after each reaction. The results of the investigation showed that the amount of H₂S and CO₂ generated increased with the reaction time and temperature and the CO₂ concentration tended to flatten out over the test period. Data generated during the study were used to develop a kinetic model on a laboratory scale for predicting the time and temperature effects on H₂S and CO₂ production during the bitumen–steam/hot water aquathermolysis.