Fluoxetine Exhibits Pharmacological Effects and Trait-Based Sensitivity in a Marine Worm

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Cameron M. Hird ; Mauricio A. Urbina ; Ceri N. Lewis ; Jason R. Snape ; Tamara S. Galloway
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：August 2, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：50
• 期：15
• 页码：8344-8352
• 全文大小：427K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Global production of pharmacologically active compounds exceeds 100 000 tons annually, a proportion of which enters aquatic environments through patient use, improper medicine disposal, and production. These compounds are designed to have mode-of-action (MoA) effects on specific biological pathways, with potential to impact nontarget species. Here, we used MoA and trait-based approaches to quantify uptake and biological effects of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in filter and deposit feeding marine worms (Hediste diversicolor). Worms exposed to 10 μg L<sup>–1sup>, accumulated fluoxetine with a body burden over 270 times greater than exposure concentrations, resulting in ∼10% increased coelomic fluid serotonin, a pharmacological effect. Observed effects included weight loss (up to 2% at 500 μg L<sup>–1sup>), decreased feeding rate (68% at 500 μg L<sup>–1sup>), and altered metabolism (oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion, and O/N from 10 μg L<sup>–1sup>). Bioconcentration of fluoxetine was dependent on route of uptake, with filter feeding worms experiencing up to 130 times greater body burden ratios and increased magnitudes of effects than deposit feeders, a trait-based sensitivity likely as a consequence of fluoxetine partitioning to sediment. This study highlights how novel approaches such as MoA and trait-based methods can supplement environmental risk assessments of pharmaceuticals.