Improved Discrimination for Brassica Vegetables Treated with Agricultural Fertilizers Using a Combined Chemometric Approach

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• 作者：Yuwei Yuan ; Guixian Hu ; Tianjin Chen ; Ming Zhao ; Yongzhi Zhang ; Yong Li ; Xiahong Xu ; Shengzhi Shao ; Jiahong Zhu ; Qiang Wang ; Karyne M. Rogers
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 20, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：64
• 期：28
• 页码：5633-5643
• 全文大小：351K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

Multielement and stable isotope (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, δ²H, δ¹⁸O, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb) analyses were combined to provide a new chemometric approach to improve the discrimination between organic and conventional Brassica vegetable production. Different combinations of organic and conventional fertilizer treatments were used to demonstrate this authentication approach using Brassica chinensis planted in experimental test pots. Stable isotope analyses (δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C) of B. chinensis using elemental analyzer–isotope ratio mass spectrometry easily distinguished organic and chemical fertilizer treatments. However, for low-level application fertilizer treatments, this dual isotope approach became indistinguishable over time. Using a chemometric approach (combined isotope and elemental approach), organic and chemical fertilizer mixes and low-level applications of synthetic and organic fertilizers were detectable in B. chinensis and their associated soils, improving the detection limit beyond the capacity of individual isotopes or elemental characterization. LDA shows strong promise as an improved method to discriminate genuine organic Brassica vegetables from produce treated with chemical fertilizers and could be used as a robust test for organic produce authentication.