Immunomodulatory Activity of Polysaccharide–Protein Complex from the Mushroom Sclerotia of Polyporus rhinocerus in Murine Macrophages

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• 作者：Chaoran Liu ; Jialun Chen ; Lei Chen ; Xuesong Huang ; Peter C. K. Cheung
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 27, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：64
• 期：16
• 页码：3206-3214
• 全文大小：454K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

A novel water-soluble polysaccharide–protein complex (PRW1) isolated from the sclerotia of an edible mushroom Polyporus rhinocerus which was purified by membrane ultrafiltration could significantly activate murine macrophages RAW264.7 in vitro. PRW1 had a molecular weight of less than 50 kDa and was found to be a highly branched heteropolysaccharide–protein complex composed of 45.7 ± 0.97% polysaccharide and 44.2 ± 0.41% protein. Based on the results of total acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the carbohydrate moiety of PRW1 was found to be a β-d-mannoglucan with its backbone containing →1)-d-Glcp-(4→, →1)-d-Glcp-(6→, and →1)-d-Manp-(2→ residues (molar ratio of 5:4:6) and having terminal d-Glcp as side chain (degree of branching of 0.62). In vitro studies showed that PRW1 significantly induced NO production and enhanced the release of a variety of cytokines including G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-6, IL12p40/70, MCP-1, MCP-5, MIP-1-α, MIP-2, RANTES, sTNFRI, and TNF-α. Mechanistically, PRW1 treatment triggered ERK phosphorylation to activate macrophages within 15 min and significantly increased the expression level of inducible NOS after 6 h. In summary, this study indicates that PRW1 derived from the sclerotia of P. rhinocerus is a potential immunomodulatory agent for cancer immunotherapy.