Photoemission Fingerprints for Structural Identification of Titanium Dioxide Surfaces

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• 作者：Patrizia Borghetti ; Elisa Meriggio ; Gwenaëlle Rousse ; Gregory Cabailh ; Rémi Lazzari ; Jacques Jupille
• 刊名：The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：August 18, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：7
• 期：16
• 页码：3223-3228
• 全文大小：402K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1948-7185

文摘

The wealth of properties of titanium dioxide relies on its various polymorphs and on their mixtures coupled with a sensitivity to crystallographic orientations. It is therefore pivotal to set out methods that allow surface structural identification. We demonstrate herein the ability of photoemission spectroscopy to provide Ti LMV (V = valence) Auger templates to quantitatively analyze TiO₂ polymorphs. The Ti LMV decay reflects Ti 4sp-O 2p hybridizations that are intrinsic properties of TiO₂ phases and orientations. Ti LMV templates collected on rutile (110), anatase (101), and (100) single crystals allow for the quantitative analysis of mixed nanosized powders, which bridges the gap between surfaces of reference and complex materials. As a test bed, the anatase/rutile P25 is studied both as received and during the anatase-to-rutile transformation upon annealing. The agreement with X-ray diffraction measurements proves the reliability of the Auger analysis and highlights its ability to detect surface orientations.