Extremely Accessible Potassium Nitrate (KNO3) as the Highly Efficient Electrolyte Additive in Lithium Battery

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• 作者：Weishang Jia ; Cong Fan ; Liping Wang ; Qingji Wang ; Mingjuan Zhao ; Aijun Zhou ; Jingze Li
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：June 22, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：8
• 期：24
• 页码：15399-15405
• 全文大小：473K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

The systematic investigation of RNO₃ salts (R = Li, Na, K, and Cs) as electrolyte additives was carried out for lithium-battery systems. For the first time, the abundant and extremely available KNO₃ was proved to be an excellent alternative of LiNO₃ for suppression of the lithium dendrites. The reason was ascribed to the possible synergetic effect of K⁺ and NO₃^– ions: The positively charged K⁺ ion could surround the lithium dendrites by electrostatic attraction and then delay their further growth, while simultaneously the oxidative NO₃^– ion could be reduced and subsequently profitable to the reinforcement of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). By adding KNO₃ into the practical Li–S battery, the discharging capacity was enhanced to average 687 mAh g^–1 from the case without KNO₃ (528 mAh g^–1) during 100 cycles, which was comparable to the one with the well-known LiNO₃ additive (637 mAh g^–1) under the same conditions.