Interconnected Hierarchical Porous Carbon from Lignin-Derived Byproducts of Bioethanol Production for Ultra-High Performance Supercapacitors

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• 作者：Liming Zhang ; Tingting You ; Tian Zhou ; Xia Zhou ; Feng Xu
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：June 8, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：8
• 期：22
• 页码：13918-13925
• 全文大小：624K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

The advent of bioethanol production has generated abundant lignin-derived byproducts which contain proteins and polysaccharides. These byproducts are inapplicable for direct material applications. In this study, lignin-derived byproducts were used for the first time as carbon precursors to construct an interconnected hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon (HPNC) via hydrothermal treatment and activation. The obtained HPNC exhibited favorable features for supercapacitor applications, such as hierarchical bowl-like pore structures, a large specific surface area of 2218 m² g^–1, a high electronic conductivity of 4.8 S cm^–1, and a nitrogen doping content of 3.4%. HPNC-based supercapacitors in a 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte exhibited high-rate performance with a high specific capacitance of 312 F g^–1 at 1 A g^–1 and 81% retention at 80 A g^–1 as well as an excellent cyclic life of 98% initial capacitance after 20 000 cycles at 10 A g^–1. Moreover, HPNC-based supercapacitors in the ionic liquid electrolyte of EMI-BF₄ displayed an enhanced energy density of 44.7 Wh kg^–1 (remaining 74% of max value) at an ultrahigh power density of 73.1 kW kg^–1. The proposed strategy may facilitate lignin utilization and lead to a green bioethanol production process.