Synthesis of Graphene Nanoribbons by Ambient-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition and Device Integration

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• 作者：Zongping Chen ; Wen Zhang ; Carlos-Andres Palma ; Alberto Lodi Rizzini ; Bilu Liu ; Ahmad Abbas ; Nils Richter ; Leonardo Martini ; Xiao-Ye Wang ; Nicola Cavani ; Hao Lu ; Neeraj Mishra ; Camilla Coletti ; Reinhard Berger ; Florian Klappenberger ; Mathias Kläui ; Andrea Candini ; Marco Affronte ; Chongwu Zhou ; Valentina De Renzi ; Umberto del Pennino ; Johannes V. Barth ; Hans Joachim Räder ; Akimitsu Narita ; Xinliang Feng ; Klaus Müllen
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：November 30, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：138
• 期：47
• 页码：15488-15496
• 全文大小：625K
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), quasi-one-dimensional graphene strips, have shown great potential for nanoscale electronics, optoelectronics, and photonics. Atomically precise GNRs can be “bottom-up” synthesized by surface-assisted assembly of molecular building blocks under ultra-high-vacuum conditions. However, large-scale and efficient synthesis of such GNRs at low cost remains a significant challenge. Here we report an efficient “bottom-up” chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for inexpensive and high-throughput growth of structurally defined GNRs with varying structures under ambient-pressure conditions. The high quality of our CVD-grown GNRs is validated by a combination of different spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations. Facile, large-area transfer of GNRs onto insulating substrates and subsequent device fabrication demonstrate their promising potential as semiconducting materials, exhibiting high current on/off ratios up to 6000 in field-effect transistor devices. This value is 3 orders of magnitude higher than values reported so far for other thin-film transistors of structurally defined GNRs. Notably, on-surface mass spectrometry analyses of polymer precursors provide unprecedented evidence for the chemical structures of the resulting GNRs, especially the heteroatom doping and heterojunctions. These results pave the way toward the scalable and controllable growth of GNRs for future applications.