Facile Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Heteroatom-Doped and Hierarchical Egg-Box-Like Carbons Derived from Moringa oleifera Branches for High-Performance Supercapacitors

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• 作者：Yijin Cai ; Ying Luo ; Yong Xiao ; Xiao Zhao ; Yeru Liang ; Hang Hu ; Hanwu Dong ; Luyi Sun ; Yingliang Liu ; Mingtao Zheng
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 7, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：8
• 期：48
• 页码：33060-33071
• 全文大小：815K
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

In this paper, we demonstrate that Moringa oleifera branches, a renewable biomass waste with abundant protein content, can be employed as novel precursor to synthesize three-dimensional heteroatom-doped and hierarchical egg-box-like carbons (HEBLCs) by a facile room-temperature pretreatment and direct pyrolysis process. The as-prepared HEBLCs possess unique egg-box-like frameworks, high surface area, and interconnected porosity as well as the doping of heteroatoms (oxygen and nitrogen), endowing its excellent electrochemical performances (superior capacity, high rate capability, and outstanding cycling stability). Therefore, the resultant HEBLC manifests a maximum specific capacitance of 355 F g^–1 at current density of 0.5 A g^–1 and remarkable rate performance. Moreover, 95% of capacitance retention of HEBLCs can be also achieved after 20 000 charge–discharge cycles at an extremely high current density (20 A g^–1), indicating a prominent cycling stability. Furthermore, the as-assembled HEBLC//HEBLC symmetric supercapacitor displays a superior energy density of 20 Wh kg^–1 in aqueous electrolyte and remarkable capacitance retention (95.6%) after 10 000 charge–discharge cycles. This work provides an environmentally friendly and reliable method to produce higher-valued carbon nanomaterials from renewable biomass wastes for energy storage applications.