Reciprocal Modulation Between Microglia and Astrocyte in Reactive Gliosis Following the CNS Injury

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• 作者：Zhongwen Gao (1) (4)
  Qingsan Zhu (1)
  Yiping Zhang (2)
  Yingzheng Zhao (3)
  Lu Cai (5)
  Christopher B. Shields (2)
  Jun Cai (6)
  
• 关键词：Reactive gliosis ; Glial scar ; Microglia ; Astrocyte ; Central nervous system
• 刊名：Molecular Neurobiology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：December 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：48
• 期：3
• 页码：690-701
• 全文大小：
• 作者单位：Zhongwen Gao (1) (4)
  Qingsan Zhu (1)
  Yiping Zhang (2)
  Yingzheng Zhao (3)
  Lu Cai (5)
  Christopher B. Shields (2)
  Jun Cai (6)
  
  1. Department of Spine Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
  4. Department of Pediatrics, Kosair Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Room 336, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
  2. Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
  3. Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
  5. Department of Pediatrics, Kosair Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 304F, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
  6. Department of Pediatrics, Kosair Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
  
• ISSN：1559-1182

文摘

Reactive gliosis, also known as glial scar formation, is an inflammatory response characterized by the proliferation of microglia and astrocytes as well as astrocytic hypertrophy following injury in the central nervous system (CNS). The glial scar forms a physical and molecular barrier to isolate the injured area from adjacent normal nervous tissue for re-establishing the integrity of the CNS. It prevents the further spread of cellular damage but represents an obstacle to regrowing axons. In this review, we integrated the current findings to elucidate the tightly reciprocal modulation between activated microglia and astrocytes in reactive gliosis and proposed that modification of cellular response to the injury or cellular reprogramming in the glial scar could lead advances in axon regeneration and functional recovery after the CNS injury.