Does classical liberalism imply an evolutionary approach to policy-making?

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Jan Schnellenbach (1) (2)
  
  1. Chair for Microeconomics ; Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus-Senftenberg ; Cottbus ; Germany
  2. Walter Eucken Institut ; Freiburg ; Germany
  
• 关键词：Classical liberalism ; Evolution ; Darwinism ; Economic policy ; Cultural evolution ; Institutional evolution
• 刊名：Journal of Bioeconomics
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：17
• 期：1
• 页码：53-70
• 全文大小：196 KB
• 参考文献：1. Aldrich, HE, Hodgson, GM, Hull, DL, Thorbj酶rn, K, Mokyr, J, Vanberg, VJ (2008) In defence of generalized Darwinism. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 18: pp. 577-596 CrossRef
  2. Arnhart, L (2005) Darwinian conservatism. Imprint Academic, Exeter
  3. Becker, GS (1976) Altruism, egoism and genetic fitness: Economics and sociobiology. Journal of Economic Literature 14: pp. 817-826
  4. Bentham, J (1864) The theory of legislation. Tr眉bner, London
  5. Berlin, I (1950) Political ideas in the twentieth century. Foreign Affairs 28: pp. 351-385 CrossRef
  6. Berlin, I Two concepts of liberty. In: Berlin, I eds. (1958) Four essays on liberty, vol. 1969. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 118-172
  7. Buchanan, JM (1974) Good economics, bad law. Virginia Law Review 60: pp. 483-492 CrossRef
  8. Buchanan, JM The foundations for normative individualism. In: Buchanan, JM eds. (1991) The economics and the ethics of constitutional order. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, pp. 221-229
  9. Buchanan, JM, Tullock, G (1962) The calculus of consent. Logical foundations of constitutional democracy. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor
  10. Caplan, B (2007) The myth of the rational voter. Why democracies choose bad policies. Princeton University Press, Princeton
  11. Coase, RH (1960) The problem of social cost. Journal of Law & Economics 3: pp. 1-44 CrossRef
  12. Dahrendorf, R (1999) Ein neuer Dritter Weg? Reformpolitik am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts. T眉bingen, Mohr Siebeck
  13. Eckel, CC, Grossman, PJ, Johnston, RM (2005) An experimental test of the crowding out hypothesis. Journal of Public Economics 89: pp. 1543-1560 CrossRef
  14. Eidenm眉ller, H (1995) Effizienz als Rechtsprinzip. M枚glichkeiten und Grenzen der 枚konomischen Analyse des Rechts. T眉bingen, Mohr Siebeck
  15. Fehr, E, G盲chter, S (2002) Altruistic punishment in humans. Nature 415: pp. 137-140 CrossRef
  16. Feld, LP, Kirchg盲ssner, G (2000) Direct democracy, political culture, and the outcome of economic policy: The Swiss experience. European Journal of Political Economy 16: pp. 287-306 CrossRef
  17. Fleming, SM, Thomas, CL, Dolan, RJ (2010) Overcoming status quo bias in the human brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107: pp. 6005-6009 CrossRef
  18. Glaeser, EL, Johnson, S, Shleifer, A (2001) Coase versus the Coaseans. Quarterly Journal of Economics 116: pp. 853-899 CrossRef
  Hall, PA, Soskice, D eds. (2001) Varieties of capitalism: The institutional foundations of comparative advantage. Oxford University Press, Oxford
  19. Heinemann, F (2008) Is the welfare state self-destructive? A study of government benefit morale. Kyklos 61: pp. 237-257 CrossRef
  20. Hillman, AL (2010) Expressive behavior in economics and politics. European Journal of Political Economy 26: pp. 403-418 CrossRef
  21. Hochman, HM, Rodgers, JD (1969) Pareto optimal redistribution. American Economic Review 59: pp. 542-557
  22. Hodgson, G (2002) Darwinism in economics: From analogy to ontology. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 12: pp. 259-281 CrossRef
  23. Hodgson, G, Knudsen, T (2006) Why we need a generalized Darwinism, and why generalized Darwinism is not enough. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 61: pp. 1-19 CrossRef
  24. Hofstadter, R (1944) Social Darwinism in American thought 1860鈥?915. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia
  25. Kahneman, D, Knetsch, JL, Thaler, RR (1991) The endowment effect, loss aversion and status quo bias. Journal of Economic Perspectives 5: pp. 193-206 CrossRef
  26. Layard, R (2007) Happiness and the teaching of values. CentrePiece 12: pp. 18-23
  27. Leonard, TC (2009) Origins of myth of social Darwinism. The ambiguous legacy of Richard Hofstadter鈥檚 social Darwinism in American thought. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 71: pp. 37-51 CrossRef
  28. Levit, GS, Hossfeld, U, Witt, U (2011) Can Darwinism be 鈥淕eneralized鈥?and of what use would this be?. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 21: pp. 545-562 CrossRef
  29. Matsusaka, JG (2004) For the many or the few. The initiative, public policy, and American democracy. Chicago University Press, Chicago CrossRef
  30. McCloskey, D (2006) Bourgeois virtues. Ethics for an age of commerce. Chicago University Press, Chicago CrossRef
  31. Mestm盲cker, E-J (2007) A legal theory without law. Mohr Siebeck, T眉bingen
  32. Ng, Y-K (1997) A case for happiness, cardinalism and interpersonal comparability. Economic Journal 107: pp. 1848-1858 CrossRef
  33. Ostrom, E (1990) Governing the commons. The evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge CrossRef
  34. Persson, T, Tabellini, G (2003) The economic effects of constitutions. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
  35. Pigou, AC (1912) Wealth and welfare. Macmillan, London
  36. Popper, K. R. (1944鈥?945). The poverty of historicism. / Economica, 11, 86鈥?03, 119鈥?39 and / 12, 69鈥?9.
  37. Popper, KR (1967) The open society and its enemies, vol. 1: The spell of Plato. Princeton University Press, Princeton
  38. Posner, RA (2010) Economic analysis of law. Aspen Publishers, New York
  39. Potts, J Toward an evolutionary theory of homo economicus: The concept of universal nomadism. In: Laurent, J eds. (2003) Evolutionary economics and human nature. Elgar, Cheltenham
  40. Richerson, PJ, Boyd, R (2005) Not by genes alone: How culture transformed human evolution. Chicago University Press, Chicago
  41. Rothbard, MN (2002) The ethics of liberty. New York University Press, New York
  42. Rubin, PH (2002) Darwinian politics. The evolutionary origin of freedom. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick
  43. Ruprecht, W (2005) The historical development of the consumption of sweeteners鈥擜 learning approach. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 15: pp. 247-272 CrossRef
  44. Saint-Paul, G (2011) The tyranny of utility. Behavioral social science and the rise of paternalism. Princeton University Press, Princeton CrossRef
  45. Schmidtz, D, Brennan, J (2010) A brief history of liberty. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester CrossRef
  46. Schnellenbach, J (2004) The evolution of a fiscal constitution when individuals are theoretically uncertain. European Journal of Law and Economics 17: pp. 97-115 CrossRef
  47. Schnellenbach, J (2008) Rational ignorance is not bliss: When do lazy voters learn from decentralized policy experiments?. Jahrb眉cher f眉r National枚konomie und Statistik 228: pp. 372-393
  48. Schnellenbach, J., & Schubert, C. (2014). Behavioral political economy: A survey. Freiburg Discussion Papers on Constitutional Economics 14鈥?3, Freiburg: Walter Eucken Institut.
  49. Schubert, C (2012) Is novelty always a good thing? Towards an evolutionary welfare economics. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 22: pp. 585-619 CrossRef
  50. Schubert, C (2013) 鈥淕eneralized Darwinism鈥?and the quest for an evolutionary theory of policy-making. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 24: pp. 479-513 CrossRef
  51. Sen, AK (1999) Development as freedom. Oxford University Press, Oxford
  52. Spencer, H (1851) Social statics, or the conditions necessary to happiness specified, and the first of them developed. Chapman, London
  53. Spencer, H (1857) Progress: Its law and cause. The Westminster Review 67: pp. 445-465
  54. Spencer, H (1860) The social organism. The Westminster Review 73: pp. 90-121
  55. Spencer, H (1864) The principles of biology. Williams and Norgate, London
  56. Vanberg, VJ (2005) Market and state: The perspective of constitutional political economy. Journal of Institutional Economics 1: pp. 23-49 CrossRef
  57. Vanberg, VJ, Buchanan, JM (1989) Interests and theories in constitutional choice. Journal of Theoretical Politics 1: pp. 49-62 CrossRef
  58. Vanberg, VJ, Kerber, W (1994) Institutional competition among jurisdictions: An evolutionary approach. Constitutional Political Economy 5: pp. 193-219 CrossRef
  59. Vaughn, KI (1996) Economic policy for an imperfect world. Southern Economic Journal 62: pp. 833-844 CrossRef
  60. Hayek, FA (1960) The constitution of liberty. Chicago University Press, Chicago
  61. Hayek, FA (1967) Studies in philosophy, politics and economics. Chicago University Press, Chicago
  62. Hayek, FA (1973) Law, legislation and liberty: Rules and order. Chicago University Press, Chicago
  63. Hayek, FA (1976) Law, legislation and liberty: The mirage of social justice. Chicago University Press, Chicago
  64. Hayek, FA (1979) Law, legislation and liberty: The political order of a free people. Chicago University Press, Chicago CrossRef
  65. von Hayek, F. A. (1988). The fatal conceit: The errors of socialism. In W. W. Bartley III. London: Routledge.
  66. Vromen, J Ontological issues in evolutionary economics: The debate between generalized Darwinism and the continuity hypothesis. In: M盲ki, U eds. (2012) Philosophy of Economics. North-Holland, Amsterdam
  67. Wegner, G (2004) Political learning: The neglected precondition of constitutional reform. Constitutional Political Economy 15: pp. 339-358 CrossRef
  68. Witt, U. (1996). Innovation, externalities and the problem of economic progress. / Public Choice, / 89, 113鈥?30.
  69. Witt, U (2004) On the proper interpretation of 鈥楨volution鈥?in economics and its implications for production theory. Journal of Economic Methodology 11: pp. 125-146 CrossRef
  70. Witt, U (2008) What is specific about evolutionary economics?. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 18: pp. 547-575 CrossRef
  71. Witt, U (2008) Observational learning, group selection and societal evolution. Journal of Institutional Economics 4: pp. 1-24 CrossRef
  72. Wohlgemuth, M (2002) Evolutionary approaches to politics. Kyklos 55: pp. 223-246 CrossRef
  
• 刊物类别：Business and Economics
• 刊物主题：Economics
  Environmental Economics
  Behavioural Sciences
  Economic Theory
  Political Science
  Law and Economics
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-6989

文摘

This paper argues that an evolutionary approach to policy-making, which emphasizes openness to change and political variety, is particularly compatible with the central tenets of classical liberalism. The chief reasons are that classical liberalism acknowledges the ubiquity of uncertainty, as well as heterogeneity in preferences and beliefs, and generally embraces gradual social and economic change that arises from accidental variation rather than deliberate, large-scale planning. In contrast, our arguments cast doubt on a different claim, namely that classical liberalism is particularly compatible with the evolutionary biological heritage of humans.