文摘
Yi Hwang (1501-570), also known as Yi T’oegye was a prominent Korean scholar of Confucian philosophy during the Chosn dynasty. He reinterpreted the Zhu Xi (1130-200) school of neo-Confucianism, taking reverent seriousness (kyng as the core principle of his philosophy. He studied various symptoms observed in the human mind and suggested the notion of reverent seriousness as a primary therapeutic method. His theory of kyng proposed the stages of philosophical therapy, which are uniquely found in Eastern philosophy and are clearly distinct from Western theories of philosophical therapy. As the methodology for such a therapy, he examined the study of “not-yet-aroused and already-aroused-(weifa yifa ) while seeking unification with the Way of Heaven. The study of quiet-sitting (jingzuo ) and reading (dushu , which he applied to his therapy, is included in the general category of holistic therapy based on “abiding by kyng-(kkyng ), translating into wide-ranging therapeutic effects.