Immersed boundary-finite element model of fluid–structure interaction in the aortic root

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• 作者：Vittoria Flamini ; Abe DeAnda…
• 关键词：Aortic valve ; Fluid–structure interaction ; Immersed boundary method ; Incompressible flow ; Hyperelasticity ; Finite element method ; Finite difference method
• 刊名：Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：30
• 期：1-2
• 页码：139-164
• 全文大小：4,451 KB
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• 作者单位：Vittoria Flamini (1)
  Abe DeAnda (2)
  Boyce E. Griffith (3)
  
  1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA
  2. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
  3. Departments of Mathematics and Biomedical Engineering and McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Phillips Hall, Campus Box 3250, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Physics and Astronomy
• 刊物主题：Physics
  Fluids
  Mathematical and Computational Physics
  Engineering Fluid Dynamics
  Computational Science and Engineering
  Thermodynamics
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-2250

文摘

It has long been recognized that aortic root elasticity helps to ensure efficient aortic valve closure, but our understanding of the functional importance of the elasticity and geometry of the aortic root continues to evolve as increasingly detailed in vivo imaging data become available. Herein, we describe a fluid–structure interaction model of the aortic root, including the aortic valve leaflets, the sinuses of Valsalva, the aortic annulus, and the sinotubular junction, that employs a version of Peskin’s immersed boundary (IB) method with a finite element description of the structural elasticity. As in earlier work, we use a fiber-based model of the valve leaflets, but this study extends earlier IB models of the aortic root by employing an incompressible hyperelastic model of the mechanics of the sinuses and ascending aorta using a constitutive law fit to experimental data from human aortic root tissue. In vivo pressure loading is accounted for by a backward displacement method that determines the unloaded configuration of the root model. Our model yields realistic cardiac output at physiological pressures, with low transvalvular pressure differences during forward flow, minimal regurgitation during valve closure, and realistic pressure loads when the valve is closed during diastole. Further, results from high-resolution computations indicate that although the detailed leaflet and root kinematics show some grid sensitivity, our IB model of the aortic root nonetheless produces essentially grid-converged flow rates and pressures at practical grid spacings for the high Reynolds number flows of the aortic root. These results thereby clarify minimum grid resolutions required by such models when used as stand-alone models of the aortic valve as well as when used to provide models of the outflow valves in models of left-ventricular fluid dynamics.