Composition and mixing state of water soluble inorganic ions during hazy days in a background region of North China

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• 作者：YaLing Lu ; JianWei Chi ; Lan Yao ; LingXiao Yang ; WeiJun Li…
• 关键词：water soluble inorganic ions ; individual particles ; secondary particles ; mixing state ; background region ; haze episode
• 刊名：Science China Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：58
• 期：11
• 页码：2026-2033
• 全文大小：1,313 KB
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• 作者单位：YaLing Lu (1) (2)
  JianWei Chi (1)
  Lan Yao (1)
  LingXiao Yang (3)
  WeiJun Li (1)
  ZiFa Wang (4)
  WenXing Wang (1)
  
  1. Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
  2. Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Institute of Arid Meteorology of CMA, Lanzhou, 730020, China
  3. School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
  4. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
  
• 刊物主题：Earth Sciences, general;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1869-1897

文摘

Knowledge of haze particles in background areas of North China is limited, although they have been studied well in urban settings. Atmospheric aerosol particles were collected at a background site in the North China Plain during 16–31 January, 2011. Water soluble inorganic ions of PM<sub>2.5sub> and physicochemical characteristics of individual particles on hazy and clean days were measured by Ion Chromatography (IC) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), respectively. Average PM<sub>2.5sub> mass concentration was 50.4±29.9 μg m−3 with 62.5±26.8 μg m−3 on hazy days and 19.9±11.5 μg m−3 on clean days. SO<sub>4sub> 2−sup>, NO<sub>3sub> −sup>, and NH<sub>4sub> + with a combined mass concentration of 19.0±11.5 μg m−3 accounted for 69.8%–89.4% of the total water soluble inorganic ions. Size distributions of SO<sub>4sub> 2−sup> and NH<sub>4sub> + showed one unimodal peak at 0.56–1.8 μm on hazy days, whereas NO<sub>3sub> −sup> appeared as bimodal peaks at 0.56–1.8 and 5.6–10 μm, respectively. Individual particle analyses showed that the dominant aerosols were a mixture of sulfate, nitrate, and carbonaceous species, which together determine their mixing states. 48-h air mass back trajectories on hazy days suggested that air masses crossed the polluted continental areas (such as Jing-jin-ji region and Shandong province) and entrained ground air pollutants 11–19 hours before reaching the background area. During long-range transport particles undergo ageing and tend to be internally mixed mainly due to condensation in the background atmosphere. Our results suggest that hygroscopic and optical properties of these aerosol particles in the background area differ substantially from those in urban areas.