PurposeThe environmental safety of both nano-TiO2 particles and mercury (Hg) pollution has been of widespread concern. Soils and sediments were the main receiving environments of nano-TiO2 and Hg. There was a strong association between nano-TiO2 with Hg compounds. Very limited research has been carried out on the impact of nano-TiO2 on the environmental behavior of Hg in sediments. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nano-TiO2 on the release and transformation of Hg in sediments.