The perceptual similarity of orb-spider prey lures and flower colours

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• 作者：Thomas E. White ; Rhiannon L. Dalrymple ; Marie E. Herberstein…
• 关键词：Deception ; Communication ; Signal ; Predation ; Flower ; Spider ; Mimicry
• 刊名：Evolutionary Ecology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：31
• 期：1
• 页码：1-20
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Evolutionary Biology; Ecology; Plant Sciences; Animal Ecology;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：1573-8477
• 卷排序：31

文摘

Receiver biases offer opportunities for the evolution of deception in signalling systems. Many spiders use conspicuous body colouration to lure prey, yet the perceptual basis of such deception remains largely unknown. Here we use knowledge of visual perception in key pollinator groups (bees and flies) to test whether colour-based lures resemble floral signals. We addressed this question at two levels: first according to the spectral reflectance of Australian orb-web spiders and flowers across a broad continental range, and second in reference to polymorphic variation in the species Gasteracantha fornicata. Analysis at the community level supported the hypotheses for broad-scale convergence among spider and flower signals. Moreover, data for G. fornicata indicate that each lure morph presents a signal biased towards the colouration of sympatric flowers. This analysis identified fly- and/or bee-pollinated plants whose flowers are likely to be indistinguishable from each G. fornicata colour morph. Our findings support the hypothesis that deceptive colour-based lures exploit prey preferences for floral resources. Further, the evidence implies a greater role for specific model/mimic relationships over generalised resemblance to flower-like stimuli as a driver of lure colouration and diversity.