用户名: 密码: 验证码:
Choquard equations under confining external potentials
详细信息    查看全文
文摘
We consider the nonlinear Choquard equation $$\begin{aligned} -{\Delta }u+V u=\bigl (I_\alpha *\vert u\vert ^p\bigr )\vert u\vert ^{p-2}u \quad \text { in } \; \mathbb {R}^N \end{aligned}$$where \(N\ge 1\), \(I_\alpha \) is the Riesz potential integral operator of order \(\alpha \in (0, N)\) and \(p > 1\). If the potential \( V \in C (\mathbb {R}^N; [0,+\infty )) \) satisfies the confining condition $$\begin{aligned} \liminf \limits _{\vert x\vert \rightarrow +\infty }\frac{V(x)}{1+\vert x\vert ^{\frac{N+\alpha }{p}-N}}=+\infty , \end{aligned}$$and \(\frac{1}{p} > \frac{N - 2}{N + \alpha }\), we show the existence of a groundstate, of an infinite sequence of solutions of unbounded energy and, when \(p \ge 2\) the existence of least energy nodal solution. The constructions are based on suitable weighted compact embedding theorems. The growth assumption is sharp in view of a Pohožaev identity that we establish.KeywordsNonlocal semilinear elliptic problemWeighted Sobolev embedding theoremGroundstateFountain TheoremLeast Action Nodal SolutionMathematics Subject Classification35J91 (35A23, 335J20, 35R09, 46E35)References1.Alves, C.O., Souto, M.A.S.: Existence of least energy nodal solution for a Schrödinger-Poisson system in bounded domains. Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 65(6), 1153–1166 (2014)CrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar2.Bartsch, T.: Infinitely many solutions of a symmetric Dirichlet problem. Nonlinear Anal. 20(10), 1205–1216 (1993)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar3.Cao, P., Wang, J., Zou, W.: On the standing waves for nonlinear Hartree equation with confining potential. J. Math. Phys. 53(3), 033702, 27 (2012)4.Castro, A., Cossio, J., Neuberger, J.M.: A sign-changing solution for a superlinear Dirichlet problem. Rocky Mt. J. Math. 27(4), 1041–1053 (1997)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar5.Cerami, G., Solimini, S., Struwe, M.: Some existence results for superlinear elliptic boundary value problems involving critical exponents. J. Funct. Anal. 69(3), 289–306 (1986)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar6.Diósi, L.: Gravitation and quantum-mechanical localization of macro-objects. Phys. Lett. A 105(4–5), 199–202 (1984)CrossRefGoogle Scholar7.Ghimenti, M., Moroz, V., Van Schaftingen, J.: Least action nodal solutions for the quadratic Choquard equation. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. (2016). doi:10.1090/proc/13247 8.Ghimenti, M., Van Schaftingen, J.: Nodal solutions for the Choquard equation. J. Funct. Anal. 271(1), 107–135 (2016)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar9.Jones, K.R.W.: Gravitational self-energy as the litmus of reality. Modern Phys. Lett. A (10)(8), 657–667 (1995)10.Jones, K.R.W.: Newtonian Quantum Gravity. Aust. J. Phys. 48(6), 1055–1082 (1995)11.Lieb, E.H.: Existence and uniqueness of the minimizing solution of Choquard’s nonlinear equation. Stud. Appl. Math. 57(2), 93–105 (1976/77)12.Lieb, E., Loss, M.: Analysis, Graduate studies in mathematics, vol 14. American Mathematical Society (1997)13.Lions, P.-L.: The Choquard equation and related questions. Nonlinear Anal. 4(6), 1063–1072 (1980)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar14.Liu, Z., Wang, Z.-Q.: On the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz superlinear condition. Adv. Nonlinear Stud. 4(4), 563–574 (2004)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar15.Moroz, I.M., Penrose, R., Tod, P.: Spherically-symmetric solutions of the Schrödinger-Newton equations. Class. Quantum Gravity 15(9), 2733–2742 (1998)CrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar16.Moroz, V., Van Schaftingen, J.: Groundstates of nonlinear Choquard equations: existence, qualitative properties and decay asymptotics. J. Funct. Anal. 265, 153–184 (2013)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar17.Moroz, V., Van Schaftingen, J.: Groundstates of nonlinear Choquard equations: Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponent. Commun. Contemp. Math. 17(5), 1550005, 12 (2015)18.Moroz, V., Van Schaftingen, J.: A guide to the Choquard equation. J. Fixed Point Theory Appl. 145(2), 737–747 (2017)19.Pekar, S.: Untersuchungen über die Elektronentheorie der Kristalle. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin (1954)MATHGoogle Scholar20.Penrose, R.: On gravity’s role in quantum state reduction. Gen. Relat. Gravit. 28(5), 581–600 (1996)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar21.Rabinowitz, P.H.: On a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 43(2), 270–291 (1992)CrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar22.Stein, E.M., Weiss, G.: Fractional integrals on \(n\)-dimensional Euclidean space. J. Math. Mech. 7, 503–514 (1958)MathSciNetMATHGoogle Scholar23.Szulkin, A., Weth, T.: The method of Nehari manifold, Handbook of nonconvex analysis and applications, pp. 597–632. Int. Press, Somerville, Mass (2010)24.Wang, Z., Zhou, H.-S.: Sign-changing solutions for the nonlinear Schrödinger-Poisson system in \(\mathbb{R}^3\). Calc. Var. Partial Differ. Equ. 52(3–4), 927–943 (2015)CrossRefMATHGoogle Scholar25.Willem, M.: Minimax theorems, Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and their Applications, vol. 24. Birkhäuser. Mass (1996)26.Willem, M.: Functional analysis: Fundamentals and Applications, Cornerstones, vol. XIV. Birkhäuser, Basel (2013)27.Ye, H.: The existence of least energy nodal solutions for some class of Kirchhoff equations and Choquard equations in \(\mathbb{R}^N\). J. Math. Anal. Appl. 431(2), 935–954 (2015)MathSciNetCrossRefMATHGoogle ScholarCopyright information© Springer International Publishing 2017Authors and AffiliationsJean Van Schaftingen1Email authorView author's OrcID profileJiankang Xia2View author's OrcID profile1.Institut de Recherche en Mathématique et PhysiqueUniversité Catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-NeuveBelgium2.Chern Institute of Mathematics and LPMCNankai UniversityTianjinChina About this article CrossMark Publisher Name Springer International Publishing Print ISSN 1021-9722 Online ISSN 1420-9004 About this journal Reprints and Permissions Article actions .buybox { margin: 16px 0 0; position: relative; } .buybox { font-family: Source Sans Pro, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-size: .875rem; } .buybox { zoom: 1; } .buybox:after, .buybox:before { content: ''; display: table; } .buybox:after { clear: both; } /*---------------------------------*/ .buybox .buybox__header { border: 1px solid #b3b3b3; border-bottom: 0; padding: 8px 12px; position: relative; background-color: #f2f2f2; } .buybox__header .buybox__login { font-family: Source Sans Pro, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-size: .875rem; letter-spacing: .017em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2; padding: 0; } .buybox__header .buybox__login:before { position: absolute; top: 50%; -webkit-transform: perspective(1px) translateY(-50%); transform: perspective(1px) translateY(-50%); content: '\A'; width: 34px; height: 34px; left: 10px; } /*---------------------------------*/ .buybox .buybox__body { padding: 0; padding-bottom: 16px; position: relative; text-align: center; background-color: #fcfcfc; border: 1px solid #b3b3b3; } .buybox__body .buybox__section { padding: 16px 12px 0 12px; text-align: left; } .buybox__section .buybox__buttons { text-align: center; width: 100%; } /********** mycopy buybox specific **********/ .buybox.mycopy__buybox .buybox__section .buybox__buttons { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; } /******/ .buybox__section:nth-child(2) .buybox__buttons { border-top: 1px solid #b3b3b3; padding-top: 20px; } .buybox__buttons .buybox__buy-button { display: inline-block; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 5px; padding: 6px 12px; } .buybox__buttons .buybox__price { white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font-size: larger; padding-top: 6px; } .buybox__section .buybox__meta { letter-spacing: 0; padding-top: 12px; } .buybox__section .buybox__meta:only-of-type { padding-top: 0; position: relative; bottom: 6px; } /********** mycopy buybox specific **********/ .buybox.mycopy__buybox .buybox__section .buybox__meta { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; } /******/ .buybox__meta .buybox__product-title { display: inline; font-weight: bold; } .buybox__meta .buybox__list { line-height: 1.3; } .buybox__meta .buybox__list li { position: relative; padding-left: 1em; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 5px; } .buybox__meta .buybox__list li:before { font-size: 1em; content: '\2022'; float: left; position: relative; top: .1em; font-family: serif; font-weight: 600; text-align: center; line-height: inherit; color: #666; width: auto; margin-left: -1em; } .buybox__meta .buybox__list li:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } /*---------------------------------*/ .buybox .buybox__footer { border: 1px solid #b3b3b3; border-top: 0; padding: 8px 12px; position: relative; border-style: dashed; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ @media screen and (min-width: 460px) and (max-width: 1074px) { .buybox__body .buybox__section { display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 12px 12px; padding-bottom: 0; text-align: left; width: 48%; } .buybox__body .buybox__section { padding-top: 16px; padding-left: 0; } .buybox__section:nth-of-type(2) .buybox__meta { border-left: 1px solid #d3d3d3; padding-left: 28px; } .buybox__section:nth-of-type(2) .buybox__buttons { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; padding-left: 16px ; } .buybox__buttons .buybox__buy-button { } /********** article buybox specific **********/ .buybox.article__buybox .buybox__section:nth-of-type(2) { margin-top: 16px; padding-top: 0; } .buybox.article__buybox .buybox__section:nth-of-type(2) .buybox__meta { margin-top: 40px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 45px; } .buybox.article__buybox .buybox__section:nth-of-type(2) .buybox__meta:only-of-type { margin-top: 8px; padding-top: 12px; padding-bottom: 12px; } /********** mycopy buybox specific **********/ .buybox.mycopy__buybox .buybox__section:first-child { width: 69%; } .buybox.mycopy__buybox .buybox__section:last-child { width: 29%; } /******/ } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ @media screen and (max-width: 459px) { /********** mycopy buybox specific **********/ .buybox.mycopy__buybox .buybox__body { padding-bottom: 5px; } .buybox.mycopy__buybox .buybox__section:last-child { text-align: center; width: 100%; } .buybox.mycopy__buybox .buybox__buttons { display: inline-block; width: 150px ; } /******/ } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ Log in to check access Buy (PDF) EUR 34,95 Unlimited access to the full article Instant download Include local sales tax if applicable Subscribe to Journal Get Access to Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications NoDEA for the whole of 2017 Find out about institutional subscriptions (function () { var forEach = function (array, callback, scope) { for (var i = 0; i Export citation .RIS Papers Reference Manager RefWorks Zotero .ENW EndNote .BIB BibTeX JabRef Mendeley Share article Email Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Cookies We use cookies to improve your experience with our site. More information Accept Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700