The Spread and Evolution of Neo-Confucianism in the 14th and 15th Centuries---A Study on the "Sishu Wujing Xingli Daquan"'s Formation and Intellectual Reactions.

详细信息   

• 作者：Zhu ; Ye.
• 学历：Doctor
• 年：2012
• 导师：Leung,Yuen Sang,eadvisorCheung,Sui Waiecommittee memberLeung,Yuen Sangecommittee memberChu,Hung Lamecommittee memberLai,Ming Chiuecommittee memberLin,Ching Changecommittee member
• 毕业院校：The Chinese University of Hong Kong
• Department：History.
• ISBN：9781267985286
• CBH：3537611
• Country：China
• 语种：English
• FileSize：6049499
• Pages：303

文摘

This dissertation studies the formation of and intellectual responses to the ＜italic＞Sishu Wujing Xingli Daquan Great Compendia of the Four Books,Five Classics and Human Nature and Heavenly Principle)＜/italic＞,which were compiled in the Yongle period 1403-1424),in the context of the spreading and self renewal of Zhu Xi&rsquo；s philosophical school in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. As must-read books for the imperial examinations,the ＜italic＞Compendia＜/italic＞ affected Ming scholars&rsquo； mode of thinking and their way of doing things. They also formed the basis of their classical learning and political participation. The study begins with an analysis of the intellectual background of the ＜italic＞ Compendia＜/italic＞ in the fourteenth century. It points out that there were three types of development and competition patterns of Yü；an Neo-Confucianism in Zhejiang,Jiangxi and Huizhou. The research then reviews the important changes of attitude from the Hongwu emperor to the Yongle emperor towards Neo-Confucianism. Although both emperors believed that Neo-Confucianism could help them better govern the country,the Hongwu emperor was keen to see revisions of Zhu Xi&rsquo；s classical exegesis. To meet his realistic needs he even ignored the Neo-Confucian orthodoxy. The Yongle emperor,however,used Neo-Confucianism as the basis of his political legitimacy and thus manipulated the Neo-Confucian orthodoxy. This study also discusses the process of compilation,selection of material and Ming editions of the ＜italic＞Compendia.＜/italic＞ It finds that the whole set was compiled in Beijing to parallel the policy of moving the capital from Nanjing to Beijing. It points out that the ＜italic＞Compendia＜/italic＞ are mainly based on the works written by Yü；an scholars from Huizhou prefecture,and for a number of reasons: requirement of the Yongle emperor,good circulation of books or classical commentary in late Yü；an and early Ming Huizhou area,and arrangement of the editorial personnel. Finally,I analyze the editions of the ＜italic＞Compendia＜/italic＞ published throughout the Ming dynasty to show the reception of them and to confirm its popularity in commercial publishing in the late Ming period. By focusing on the views of scholars in the fifteenth Century who wrote their books in response to the ＜italic＞Compendia,＜/italic＞ I show how school teachers,Confucian thinkers,and scholar-officials after the Tu-mu incident of 1449 saw the ＜italic＞Compendia＜/italic＞ as teaching materials,vehicle for driving ＜italic＞daoxue＜/italic＞ learning,a way to solve the problems of their times,but also subjected them to criticism,questioning and revision. This then reveals the influence of the state-sanctioned Cheng-Zhu of Neo-Confucianism and its decline in the course of 14＜super＞th＜/super＞ and 15＜super＞th＜/super＞ centuries. The challenges the school faced in the 15＜super＞ th＜/super＞ century formed the background of the marked shift to another approach of Confucian learning in the next century best represented by Wang Yangming.