聚乳酸抗菌包装中麝香草酚在食品模拟物中迁移规律
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摘要
研究麝香草酚/聚乳酸包装材料中的抗菌剂麝香草酚在食品模拟物中的迁移行为。在4、10、20、30℃条件下分别将麝香草酚/聚乳酸包装材料浸入蒸馏水溶液、体积分数4%乙酸溶液、正己烷溶液、体积分数10%乙醇溶液中,通过紫外分光光度法测定食品模拟液中麝香草酚迁移量,分析温度和食品模拟物对麝香草酚迁移量的影响,在实验数据基础上,采用Piringer方程建立麝香草酚迁移模型,分析验证迁移模型的合理性。结果表明:麝香草酚迁移量随着迁移温度升高和迁移时间延长而逐渐上升直至平衡,且在4种食品模拟物中麝香草酚的迁移量大小顺序为:正己烷>10%乙醇>4%乙酸>蒸馏水;根据幂律方程发现麝香草酚的迁移机制符合Fick扩散定律,且迁移方程扩散系数随迁移温度升高而增大,分配系数与之相反;Piringer方程能够较好地描述麝香草酚迁移行为。在迁移实验的基础上构建数学模型,进一步完善基于聚乳酸食品包装材料的迁移理论,以期更好地预测食品包装中麝香草酚的迁移。
The migration behavior of thymol from polylactic acid(PLA) film to different food stimulants was studied by soaking the film in distilled water, 4% acetic acid(V/V), n-hexane and 10% ethanol(V/V) at 4, 10, 20 and 30 ℃, respectively.The migration amount of thymol to food simulants was determined by UV spectrophotometry. The effects of temperature and food simulants on the migration of thymol were analyzed. Based on the obtained experimental data, a model for thymol migration was established by the Piringer equation and its rationality was analyzed. Results showed that the thymol content increased gradually until reaching equilibrium with increasing migration temperature and time in both simulants.The migration of thymol to four food simulants was in the decreasing order of n-hexane > 10% ethanol > 4% acetic acid >distilled water. According to the power law model, the mechanism of thymol diffusion through PLA films was in line with Fick's law. The diffusion coefficient increased with migration temperature while the opposite was observed for the partition coefficient. Thus, the Piringer equation could describe the migration behavior of thymol. The mathematical equation developed in this study can provide a useful tool for prediction of the migration of thymol from PLA food packaging materials to foodstuffs.
The migration behavior of thymol from polylactic acid(PLA) film to different food stimulants was studied by soaking the film in distilled water, 4% acetic acid(V/V), n-hexane and 10% ethanol(V/V) at 4, 10, 20 and 30 ℃, respectively.The migration amount of thymol to food simulants was determined by UV spectrophotometry. The effects of temperature and food simulants on the migration of thymol were analyzed. Based on the obtained experimental data, a model for thymol migration was established by the Piringer equation and its rationality was analyzed. Results showed that the thymol content increased gradually until reaching equilibrium with increasing migration temperature and time in both simulants.The migration of thymol to four food simulants was in the decreasing order of n-hexane > 10% ethanol > 4% acetic acid >distilled water. According to the power law model, the mechanism of thymol diffusion through PLA films was in line with Fick's law. The diffusion coefficient increased with migration temperature while the opposite was observed for the partition coefficient. Thus, the Piringer equation could describe the migration behavior of thymol. The mathematical equation developed in this study can provide a useful tool for prediction of the migration of thymol from PLA food packaging materials to foodstuffs.
引文
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[13]秦艳红,郜海燕,房祥军,等.超声波和巴氏杀菌后樱桃番茄汁的品质变化动力学[J].食品科学,2016,37(12):261-266.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201612047.
[14]翟秀超,王金鹏,焦爱权,等.抗菌包装膜对异硫氰酸烯丙酯的释放规律研究[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(13):260-263;320.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2013.13.064.
[15]匡衡峰,胡长鹰,刘芳,等.纳米ZnO复合食品抗菌包装膜研究进展[J].包装工程,2015,36(11):16-23;70.
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[18]张玉亭,雷桥,包建强,等.乳清蛋白抗菌薄膜中山梨酸钾的扩散性研究[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(13):262-265;287.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2015.13.047.
[19]田海娇,林勤保,郭捷,等.纳米银-聚乙烯复合包装中助剂对银向食品模拟物迁移的影响[J].食品科学,2014,35(5):8-12.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201405002.
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[21]VERA P,AZNAR M,MERCEA P,et al.Study of hotmelt adhesives used in food packaging multilayer laminates.evaluation of the main factors affecting migration to food[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2010,21(2):420-431.DOI:10.1039/C0JM02183K.
[22]GALLEGO G,HAKKARAINEN M,ALMAJANO M P.Stability of O/W emulsions packed with PLA film with incorporated rosemary and thyme[J].European Food Research and Technology,2016,243(7):1249-1259.DOI:10.1007/s00217-016-2829-3.
[23]PILATI F,ESPOSTI M D,BONDI M,et al.Designing of antibacterial plastics:thymol release from photocured thymol-doped acrylic resins[J].Journal of Materials Science,2013,48(12):4378-4386.DOI:10.1007/s10853-013-7253-5.
[24]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.食品接触材料塑料中受限物质塑料中物质向食品及食品模拟物特定迁移试验和含量测定方法以及食品模拟物暴露条件选择的指南:GB/T 23296.1-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009:1-33.
[25]卫生和计划生育委员会.食品安全国家标准食品接触材料及制品迁移试验通则:GB/T 31604.1-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015:1-13.
[26]卢鹏,王志耕,梅林,等.壳聚糖抗菌膜中山梨酸钾迁移的数学模型及实验分析[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(2):112-114;118.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2012.02.051.
[27]FINNIE C,SVENSSON B.Barley seed proteomics from spots to structures[J].Journal of Proteomics,2009,72(3):315-324.DOI:10.1016/j.jprot.2008.12.001.
[28]LIMM W,HOLLIFIELD H C.Modelling of additive diffusion in polyolefins[J].Food Additives&Contaminants,1996,13(8):949-967.
[29]PIRINGER O G,BANER A L.Plastic packaging materials for food[M].Weinheim:Wiley-VCH,2000:125-157.
[30]陈文林.食品级发泡聚苯乙烯中苯乙烯迁移研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2015:7-9.
[31]孙彬青,王志伟.分析食品包装材料迁移模型中的扩散系数[J].包装工程,2006,27(3):34-36.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3563.2006.03.013.
[32]赵威威.塑料包装材料中化学物向脂肪类食品的迁移研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2007:9-14.
[33]陈默.大豆分离蛋白抑菌膜性能评价及抑菌剂释放研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2010:67-84.
[34]王楠,胡长鹰,程娟,等.纸质包装材料中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质向Tenax和奶粉的迁移[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(9):63-67.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2014.09.004.
[35]SILVA A S,CRUZ FREIRE J M,SENDóN R,et al.Migration and diffusion of diphenylbutadiene from packages into foods[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2009,57(21):10225-10230.DOI:10.1021/jf901666h.
[36]黄肖红.HDPE膜中抗氧化剂1076向食品或食品模拟物的迁移研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2008:48-49.
[37]CHUNG D,PAPADAKIS S E,YAM K L.Simple models for assessing migration from food-packaging films[J].Food Additives&Contaminants,2002,19(6):611-617.DOI:10.1080/02652030210126389.
[2]李宪进,张伟.聚乳酸研究现状及消费市场分析[J].合成技术及应用,2014,29(2):24-27.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-334X.2014.02.006.
[3]李欣,郑化安,付东升.聚乳酸材料的合成、改性及应用[J].橡塑资源利用,2015(2):18-22.
[4]PLUTA M,JESZKA J K,BOITEUX G.Macromolecular nanotechnology polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposite:structure,dielectric,viscoelastic and thermal properties[J].European Polymer Journal,2007,43(7):2819-2835.DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.009.
[5]VINK E T H,RáBAGO K R,GLASSNER D A,et al.Applications of life cycle assessment to NatureWorks.polylactide(PLA)production[J].Polymer Degradation&Stability,2003,80(3):403-419.DOI:10.1016/S0141-3910(02)00372-5.
[6]陈月霞.聚乳酸/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及性能研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2014:1-2.
[7]李伟,张一珠,付正义,等.聚乳酸薄膜对西兰花的保鲜效果分析[J].食品科学,2016,37(14):270-273.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201614049.
[8]樊国栋,张春梅.医用聚乳酸材料的改性及应用[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2010,14(42):7891-7894.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.20 10.42.024.
[9]张静,冯岗,袁旭超,等.百里香酚抑菌活性初探[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(21):277-280.
[10]王娣,许晖,钱时权,等.麝香草酚对食品常见污染菌的抑菌作用[J].食品科学,2013,34(3):119-122.
[11]CHU C L,LIU W T,ZHOU T,et al.Control of postharvest gray mold rot of modified atmosphere packaged sweet cherries by fumigation with thymol and acetic acid[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1999,79(4):685-689.
[12]GAO H Y,FANG X J,CHEN H J,et al.Physiochemical properties and food application of antimicrobial PLA film[J].Food Control,2017,73:1522-1531.DOI:10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.11.017.
[13]秦艳红,郜海燕,房祥军,等.超声波和巴氏杀菌后樱桃番茄汁的品质变化动力学[J].食品科学,2016,37(12):261-266.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201612047.
[14]翟秀超,王金鹏,焦爱权,等.抗菌包装膜对异硫氰酸烯丙酯的释放规律研究[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(13):260-263;320.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2013.13.064.
[15]匡衡峰,胡长鹰,刘芳,等.纳米ZnO复合食品抗菌包装膜研究进展[J].包装工程,2015,36(11):16-23;70.
[16]肖乃玉,李佳臻,郭意霖,等.食品抗菌包装材料的研究进展[J].食品与发酵工业,2013,39(10):161-167.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7100.2011.02.008.
[17]李波平,林勤保.PVC包装材料中化学物向食品迁移的研究[J].食品工业科技,2007,28(8):197-200.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-0306.2007.08.060.
[18]张玉亭,雷桥,包建强,等.乳清蛋白抗菌薄膜中山梨酸钾的扩散性研究[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(13):262-265;287.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2015.13.047.
[19]田海娇,林勤保,郭捷,等.纳米银-聚乙烯复合包装中助剂对银向食品模拟物迁移的影响[J].食品科学,2014,35(5):8-12.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201405002.
[20]AZNAR M,VERA P,CANELLAS E,et al.Composition of the adhesives used in food packaging multilayer materials and migration studies from packaging to food[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2011,21(12):4358-4370.DOI:10.1039/c0jm04136j.
[21]VERA P,AZNAR M,MERCEA P,et al.Study of hotmelt adhesives used in food packaging multilayer laminates.evaluation of the main factors affecting migration to food[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2010,21(2):420-431.DOI:10.1039/C0JM02183K.
[22]GALLEGO G,HAKKARAINEN M,ALMAJANO M P.Stability of O/W emulsions packed with PLA film with incorporated rosemary and thyme[J].European Food Research and Technology,2016,243(7):1249-1259.DOI:10.1007/s00217-016-2829-3.
[23]PILATI F,ESPOSTI M D,BONDI M,et al.Designing of antibacterial plastics:thymol release from photocured thymol-doped acrylic resins[J].Journal of Materials Science,2013,48(12):4378-4386.DOI:10.1007/s10853-013-7253-5.
[24]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.食品接触材料塑料中受限物质塑料中物质向食品及食品模拟物特定迁移试验和含量测定方法以及食品模拟物暴露条件选择的指南:GB/T 23296.1-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009:1-33.
[25]卫生和计划生育委员会.食品安全国家标准食品接触材料及制品迁移试验通则:GB/T 31604.1-2015[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015:1-13.
[26]卢鹏,王志耕,梅林,等.壳聚糖抗菌膜中山梨酸钾迁移的数学模型及实验分析[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(2):112-114;118.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2012.02.051.
[27]FINNIE C,SVENSSON B.Barley seed proteomics from spots to structures[J].Journal of Proteomics,2009,72(3):315-324.DOI:10.1016/j.jprot.2008.12.001.
[28]LIMM W,HOLLIFIELD H C.Modelling of additive diffusion in polyolefins[J].Food Additives&Contaminants,1996,13(8):949-967.
[29]PIRINGER O G,BANER A L.Plastic packaging materials for food[M].Weinheim:Wiley-VCH,2000:125-157.
[30]陈文林.食品级发泡聚苯乙烯中苯乙烯迁移研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2015:7-9.
[31]孙彬青,王志伟.分析食品包装材料迁移模型中的扩散系数[J].包装工程,2006,27(3):34-36.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3563.2006.03.013.
[32]赵威威.塑料包装材料中化学物向脂肪类食品的迁移研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2007:9-14.
[33]陈默.大豆分离蛋白抑菌膜性能评价及抑菌剂释放研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2010:67-84.
[34]王楠,胡长鹰,程娟,等.纸质包装材料中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质向Tenax和奶粉的迁移[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(9):63-67.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2014.09.004.
[35]SILVA A S,CRUZ FREIRE J M,SENDóN R,et al.Migration and diffusion of diphenylbutadiene from packages into foods[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2009,57(21):10225-10230.DOI:10.1021/jf901666h.
[36]黄肖红.HDPE膜中抗氧化剂1076向食品或食品模拟物的迁移研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2008:48-49.
[37]CHUNG D,PAPADAKIS S E,YAM K L.Simple models for assessing migration from food-packaging films[J].Food Additives&Contaminants,2002,19(6):611-617.DOI:10.1080/02652030210126389.
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