海南岛东部地区土地利用方式对土壤有机碳与易氧化有机碳的影响
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摘要
以海南岛东部地区的4种土地利用方式(水田、抛荒地、果园、橡胶林地)的土壤为研究对象,通过对其SOC(土壤有机碳)和ROC(土壤易氧化有机碳)质量分数的测定,分析不同土地利用方式下SOC以及ROC的分布特征。结果表明:研究区的土地利用方式对SOC与ROC具有显著影响,土地利用方式通过影响植被凋落物、根系以及耕作方式、施肥收割等管理措施影响SOC及ROC的分布特征。就整个土壤剖面(0～30 cm)而言,不同土地利用方式下SOC质量分数的分布特征表现为水田>抛荒地>果园>橡胶林地;各土地利用方式下SOC在表层土壤中质量分数最高,并随着土壤层的加深逐渐递减。水田、果园和橡胶林地土壤的ROC质量分数随着土壤深度的加深而逐渐降低,抛荒地呈现出先减少后增加的趋势。不同土地利用方式下土壤ROC质量分数表现为抛荒地>水田>果园>橡胶林地。ROC质量分数的高低顺序与SOC质量分数基本相同。土壤的SOC质量分数是影响ROC质量分数变化的重要因素,相关性分析结果表明:水田、抛荒地和橡胶林地的SOC与ROC质量分数呈极显著正相关,而果园的SOC与ROC质量分数呈显著正相关。4种土地利用方式中水田土壤ROC的分配比例较低,说明水田的SOC稳定性相对于其他土地利用方式较高,有利于土壤碳的储存。
Hainan Island is located in the southernmost region of China. In recent decades, with the rapid economic development of Hainan Province, the intensity of human activities has gradually increased and the land use mode in the region has changed greatly. Changes in land use patterns have exacerbated the corresponding changes and release of soil organic carbon(SOC) in Hainan Island. The distribution characteristics of SOC and readily oxidized carbon(ROC) in four land use patterns(paddy field, abandoned land, orchard land, rubber forest land) in the eastern part of Hainan Island were investigated. The results show that land use patterns had significant effects on the distribution of SOC and ROC via the influence of vegetation litter, root system, tillage method, fertilization, and harvesting. The SOC content in the profile of 30 cm of soil in the eastern part of Hainan Island is 0.79～0.97 g/kg, the average value is 10.09 ±1.02 g/kg, and the coefficient of variation is 0.88 g/kg. For soil profiles of 0～30 cm, there are differences in the SOC and ROC content for different land use patterns. Considering the entire soil profile(0～30 cm), the distribution characteristics of the SOC content for the four land use patterns are as follows: paddy field > abandoned land > orchard land > rubber forest land, and the apparent accumulation of SOC is evident for different land use patterns. As the soil layer increases, the content of the SOC gradually decreases. Under different land use patterns, the content of the ROC in soil is as follows: abandoned land > paddy field > orchard land > rubber forest land. The content of the ROC in the paddy field, orchard land, and rubber forest soil gradually decrease with an increase of the soil depth. However, the abandoned land exhibit an initial decrease followed by an increase in the ROC content. The distribution ratio of soil ROC in the eastern part of Hainan Island is between 41% and 94%, which is higher than the results obtained from previous studies. This is because the study area is associated with a tropical monsoon climate, suitable water and heat conditions, and larger plant biomass. Moreover, sufficient exogenous SOC input is provided for the soil. In addition, the number, activity, plant metabolic rate and litter decomposition of soil microbes are accelerated, resulting in more root biomass and exudates. This promotes the decomposition and transformation of SOC, which is beneficial to the accumulation of soil ROC. In the 0 ～ 30 cm soil profile, the SOC content of paddy field is the highest, but the distribution ratio of ROC is the lowest. The prolonged flooded environment of paddy fields is favorable to the accumulation of SOC and the activity of this organic carbon is lower. As a result, soil stability and maturity are higher than for other land use methods. Correlation analysis show that the SOC and ROC content of the paddy field, abandoned land and rubber forest land, has a significant positive correlation with ROC content. Moreover, SOC content in orchard soil has a significant positive correlation with ROC content under different land use patterns.
Hainan Island is located in the southernmost region of China. In recent decades, with the rapid economic development of Hainan Province, the intensity of human activities has gradually increased and the land use mode in the region has changed greatly. Changes in land use patterns have exacerbated the corresponding changes and release of soil organic carbon(SOC) in Hainan Island. The distribution characteristics of SOC and readily oxidized carbon(ROC) in four land use patterns(paddy field, abandoned land, orchard land, rubber forest land) in the eastern part of Hainan Island were investigated. The results show that land use patterns had significant effects on the distribution of SOC and ROC via the influence of vegetation litter, root system, tillage method, fertilization, and harvesting. The SOC content in the profile of 30 cm of soil in the eastern part of Hainan Island is 0.79～0.97 g/kg, the average value is 10.09 ±1.02 g/kg, and the coefficient of variation is 0.88 g/kg. For soil profiles of 0～30 cm, there are differences in the SOC and ROC content for different land use patterns. Considering the entire soil profile(0～30 cm), the distribution characteristics of the SOC content for the four land use patterns are as follows: paddy field > abandoned land > orchard land > rubber forest land, and the apparent accumulation of SOC is evident for different land use patterns. As the soil layer increases, the content of the SOC gradually decreases. Under different land use patterns, the content of the ROC in soil is as follows: abandoned land > paddy field > orchard land > rubber forest land. The content of the ROC in the paddy field, orchard land, and rubber forest soil gradually decrease with an increase of the soil depth. However, the abandoned land exhibit an initial decrease followed by an increase in the ROC content. The distribution ratio of soil ROC in the eastern part of Hainan Island is between 41% and 94%, which is higher than the results obtained from previous studies. This is because the study area is associated with a tropical monsoon climate, suitable water and heat conditions, and larger plant biomass. Moreover, sufficient exogenous SOC input is provided for the soil. In addition, the number, activity, plant metabolic rate and litter decomposition of soil microbes are accelerated, resulting in more root biomass and exudates. This promotes the decomposition and transformation of SOC, which is beneficial to the accumulation of soil ROC. In the 0 ～ 30 cm soil profile, the SOC content of paddy field is the highest, but the distribution ratio of ROC is the lowest. The prolonged flooded environment of paddy fields is favorable to the accumulation of SOC and the activity of this organic carbon is lower. As a result, soil stability and maturity are higher than for other land use methods. Correlation analysis show that the SOC and ROC content of the paddy field, abandoned land and rubber forest land, has a significant positive correlation with ROC content. Moreover, SOC content in orchard soil has a significant positive correlation with ROC content under different land use patterns.
引文
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