科尔沁沙地混生小叶锦鸡儿和人工杨树光合特性及其对气候的响应
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摘要
利用LI-6400光合作用仪野外原位测定混生的小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)和人工杨树(Populusspp.)的光合特性,通过对比分析这两种天然和人工植物干旱时期与降水后光合特性的差异及其与生理环境因子的关系,揭示其对干旱和降水的适应特性和响应机制。结果表明:①干旱时期,两种混生植物的净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)和气孔导度(G_s)大幅下降,出现明显的"午休"现象,且峰值提前,降水后小叶锦鸡儿"午休"现象消失;②G_s和光合有效辐射(PAR)是影响小叶锦鸡儿和人工杨树Pn的主要生理和环境因子,干旱时期,小叶锦鸡儿光合特性主要受气孔调节作用的影响,降水后主要受环境因子(PAR)的影响;人工杨树不论在干旱时期还是降水后,其光合生理特性都相对较为稳定,且主要受PAR的影响;③小叶锦鸡儿通过保持较低的气孔开放程度,维持较低的T_r和较高的水分利用效率(WUE),以适应干旱环境,人工杨树则通过较高的P_n、T_r和较低的WUE避免干旱胁迫的影响;降水后,小叶锦鸡儿光合特性的变化较人工杨树显著,对降水的响应更加强烈。混生群落中,小叶锦鸡儿和人工杨树对干旱和降水的适应机制明显不同,小叶锦鸡儿对环境变化的适应性更强。
In this paper,the photosynthetic traits of Caragana microphylla and Populus spp. were measured with LI-6400 in field. The adaptability of C. microphylla and Populus spp. and their response to drought and precipitation were lucubrated after comparing and analyzing the differences in photosynthetic traits of these two plant species and the relationship between their physiological characteristics and environmental factors under drought and after precipitation. The results are as follows:(1) Under drought,the net photosynthetic rate( P_n),transpiration rate( T_r) and the stomatal conductance( G_s) of the two mixed-growing plants were decreased significantly,showing a significant "midday depression",and the peak value occurred earlier. The "midday depression"of C. microphylla was disappeared after precipitation;(2) Pn values of C. microphylla and Populus spp. were mainly affected by physiological factor( G_s) and environmental factor photosynthetically active radiation( PAR). The photosynthetic traits of C. microphylla was mainly affected by stomatal regulation( G_s) under drought,and it was mainly affected by environmental factors( PAR) after precipitation. The photosynthetic traits of Populus spp. were relatively stable under both drought and after precipitation,and they were mainly affected by environmental factors( PAR);(3) To adapt drought environment,C. microphylla maintained a low Tr and a high water use efficiency( WUE),while Populus spp. adapted drought by high Pnand Tr and low WUE. After precipitation,the change of photosynthetic traits of C.microphylla was more significant than that of Populus spp. and the former was more sensitive to precipitation than the latter. In mixed community of C. microphylla and Populus spp.,the adaptability of the two plant species to precipitation was significantly different,and C. microphylla had a higher adaptability to environment changes.
In this paper,the photosynthetic traits of Caragana microphylla and Populus spp. were measured with LI-6400 in field. The adaptability of C. microphylla and Populus spp. and their response to drought and precipitation were lucubrated after comparing and analyzing the differences in photosynthetic traits of these two plant species and the relationship between their physiological characteristics and environmental factors under drought and after precipitation. The results are as follows:(1) Under drought,the net photosynthetic rate( P_n),transpiration rate( T_r) and the stomatal conductance( G_s) of the two mixed-growing plants were decreased significantly,showing a significant "midday depression",and the peak value occurred earlier. The "midday depression"of C. microphylla was disappeared after precipitation;(2) Pn values of C. microphylla and Populus spp. were mainly affected by physiological factor( G_s) and environmental factor photosynthetically active radiation( PAR). The photosynthetic traits of C. microphylla was mainly affected by stomatal regulation( G_s) under drought,and it was mainly affected by environmental factors( PAR) after precipitation. The photosynthetic traits of Populus spp. were relatively stable under both drought and after precipitation,and they were mainly affected by environmental factors( PAR);(3) To adapt drought environment,C. microphylla maintained a low Tr and a high water use efficiency( WUE),while Populus spp. adapted drought by high Pnand Tr and low WUE. After precipitation,the change of photosynthetic traits of C.microphylla was more significant than that of Populus spp. and the former was more sensitive to precipitation than the latter. In mixed community of C. microphylla and Populus spp.,the adaptability of the two plant species to precipitation was significantly different,and C. microphylla had a higher adaptability to environment changes.
引文
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