水解酸化-地下渗滤技术处理生活污水的工艺研究
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摘要
为优化水解酸化-地下渗滤系统(Hydrolytic Acidifi-cation-Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System,HA-SWIS)工艺参数,提高分散式污水处理效果,通过控制HA水力停留时间(Hydraulic Retention Time,HRT)、搅拌速度、SWIS水力负荷(Hydraulic Load Rate,HLR)及干湿比,考察系统COD、NH4+-N、TN和TP的去除效果。由于温度控制在18～22℃,忽略温度对COD、NH4+-N、TN和TP去除效果的影响。结果表明,随优化参数改变,HA-SWIS联合工艺去除污染物效果存在显著性差异(p <0. 05)。当HA搅拌速度为15 r/min、HRT为2 h时,SWIS的HLR为0. 08～0. 12 m3/(m2·d),干湿比为1∶1～2∶1时,联合工艺对COD、NH4+-N、TN和TP的去除效率最高,分别为92. 0%、78. 6%、65%和92. 7%。该装置占地小,基建费用低,无需药剂投入,每吨水处理费用0. 46元/t,处理水质可回用,满足景观水要求(GB/T 18921—2002),适用于管网不完善地区。
The paper is to devote itself to an investigation and optimization of the operation parameters of the hydrolytic acidification subsurface sewage infiltration system( HA-SWIS) in hoping to improve and heighten the removal ability and rate for COD,NH4+-N,TN and TP. For the above said purpose,it is necessary to do the first run of experiments by regulating the hydraulic retention time( HRT) and the stirring speed of HA,the hydraulic loading rates( HLR) and the dry-wet ratio of SWIS.The total experimental period has to be lasting for 210 d of the 2 runs. And,then,in the second period,it would also be necessary to analyze the HLR and the intermittent operation parameters of the said system. And,last of all,the paper has proposed the optimal operation mode,which can be stated as follows: if the temperature can be controlled between the degrees of 18-22 ℃,it would be possible to neglect the temperature effect on the removal rates of the COD,NH4+-N,TN and TP. The results of the aforementioned experimental procedure show that there can be found a significant difference in the removal efficiency of HA-SWIS in treating the domestic sewage with the variation of the optimized parameters( p < 0. 05). For instance,on the condition when the HA hydraulic retention time,the stirring speed,the hydraulic loads and the dry-wet ratios of the SWIS stay at 2 h,15 r/min,0. 08-0. 12 m3/( m2·d),1: 1-2: 1,respectively,the removal efficiency of COD,NH+4-N,TN and TP can be kept at92. 0%,78. 6%,65% and 92. 7%,correspondingly,though the HA can only have low removal rates of NH+4-N and TN,for the nitrification has been in fact inhabited. And so is with the active denitrification,for it is not suitable for removing the TP.Additionally speaking,only 5 000 RMB has to be spent for the HA-SWIS,which just covers a small area( 5. 6 m2) with low construction and operation with no need for any chemical input.What's more,the treating operation cost is rather inexpensive,merely 0. 46 yuan of RMB per ton. With no clogging being found,the treated reclaimed sewage can be reused to meet the standard for the landscape plant growing( GB/T 18921—2002) as well. Thus,the HA-SWIS processing technology can be taken to be used by the areas with no well-equipped pipe network.
The paper is to devote itself to an investigation and optimization of the operation parameters of the hydrolytic acidification subsurface sewage infiltration system( HA-SWIS) in hoping to improve and heighten the removal ability and rate for COD,NH4+-N,TN and TP. For the above said purpose,it is necessary to do the first run of experiments by regulating the hydraulic retention time( HRT) and the stirring speed of HA,the hydraulic loading rates( HLR) and the dry-wet ratio of SWIS.The total experimental period has to be lasting for 210 d of the 2 runs. And,then,in the second period,it would also be necessary to analyze the HLR and the intermittent operation parameters of the said system. And,last of all,the paper has proposed the optimal operation mode,which can be stated as follows: if the temperature can be controlled between the degrees of 18-22 ℃,it would be possible to neglect the temperature effect on the removal rates of the COD,NH4+-N,TN and TP. The results of the aforementioned experimental procedure show that there can be found a significant difference in the removal efficiency of HA-SWIS in treating the domestic sewage with the variation of the optimized parameters( p < 0. 05). For instance,on the condition when the HA hydraulic retention time,the stirring speed,the hydraulic loads and the dry-wet ratios of the SWIS stay at 2 h,15 r/min,0. 08-0. 12 m3/( m2·d),1: 1-2: 1,respectively,the removal efficiency of COD,NH+4-N,TN and TP can be kept at92. 0%,78. 6%,65% and 92. 7%,correspondingly,though the HA can only have low removal rates of NH+4-N and TN,for the nitrification has been in fact inhabited. And so is with the active denitrification,for it is not suitable for removing the TP.Additionally speaking,only 5 000 RMB has to be spent for the HA-SWIS,which just covers a small area( 5. 6 m2) with low construction and operation with no need for any chemical input.What's more,the treating operation cost is rather inexpensive,merely 0. 46 yuan of RMB per ton. With no clogging being found,the treated reclaimed sewage can be reused to meet the standard for the landscape plant growing( GB/T 18921—2002) as well. Thus,the HA-SWIS processing technology can be taken to be used by the areas with no well-equipped pipe network.
引文
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[9] JI Yingfang(吉英芳),ZUO Ning(左宁),HUANG Liy-an(黄力彦),et al. Study on operation performance ofhydrolysis-acidification-A2O sludge reduction process[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报),2010,4(4):795-800.
[10] LIU Xinmei(刘新梅). Discussion on the methods ofmonitoring and analyzing water and wastewater[J]. En-vironmental Monitoring in China(中国环境监测),1993,9(1):62-64.
[11] CHEN Hongyi(陈洪一). Research on the pretreatment ofthe stream source by hydrolysis/adcification(水解酸化预处理溪流源试验研究)[D]. Harbin:Harbin Insti-tute of Technology,2011.
[12] YANG Y Q,ZHAN X,WU S J,et al. Effect of hydrau-lic loading rate on pollutant removal efficiency in sub-surface infiltration system under intermittent operationand micro-power aeration[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,205:174-182.
[13] WAN Jinbao(万金宝),FU Yu(付煜),LIU Feng(刘峰),et al. Domestic wastewater treatment by hydrolyticacidification/biological contact oxidation process[J].Technology of Water Treatment(水处理技术),2018,44(3):129-135.
[14] CHEN Jing(陈晶),DENG Wen(邓文),CHEN Ping(陈萍),et al. Experiment for enhancing nitrogen re-moval from the effluent sewage treating plant via the de-nitrifying bacteria in the context of subsurface flow con-structed wetland[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(1):262-266.
[15] SUN Y F,QI S Y,ZHENG F P,et al. Organics remov-al,nitrogen removal and N2O emission in subsurfacewastewater infiltration systems amended with/withoutbiochar and sludge[J]. Bioresource Technology,2018,249:57-61.
[16] XU Fei(许菲),QI Yupeng(齐钰鹏),ZHANG Congx-uan(张从轩),et al. Phosphorus and nitrogen removalby a combined process of BAF and subsurfacewastewater infiltration system[J]. Chinese Journal ofEnvironmental Engineering(环境工程学报),2017,11(3):1465-1471.
[17] LIU Zhen(刘臻),LIU Tao(刘涛),ZHOU Jian(周健),et al. Influence of water feeding pattern on the ni-trification efficiency of the deep sequencing constructedwetlands[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(4):1432-1436.
[18] ZHANG Jian(张建),HUANG Xia(黄霞),WEI Jie(魏杰),et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal mech-anism in subsurface wastewater infiltration system[J].China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2002,22(5):438-441.
[19] HUSSON O. Redox potential(Eh)and p H as drivers ofsoil/plant/microorganism systems:a transdisciplinaryoverview pointing to integrative opportunities for agrono-my[J]. Plant Soil,2013,362:389-417.
[20] LI Haibo(李海波),MA Jifu(马吉福),WANG Xin(王鑫),et al. Effect of hydraulic loading rate on sew-age treatment efficiency of subsurface wastewater infiltra-tion system[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engi-neering(环境工程学报),2016,10(2):544-550.
[21] YAN Qun(严群),WANG Hong(汪宏),HAN Dongx-ue(寒冬雪),et al. Research on the treatment of do-mestic sewage by subsurface infiltration systems with dif-ferent filling materials[J]. Industrial Water Treatment(工业水处理),2016,36(4):64-68.
[22] XIAO Siyao(肖思瑶),LI Yinghua(李英华),DUANYulong(段玉龙),et al. Effect of the dry-wet ratio onthe infiltrating quality and the N2O emission in a subsur-face sewage infiltration system[J]. Journal of Safetyand Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(6):2337-2341.
[23] CHEUNG M. Roles of immobilized biomass in an anaero-bic hybrid reactor[D]. Hong Kong:Hong Kong Poly-technic University,2003.
[24] SUN Tieheng(孙铁珩),LI Xianfa(李宪法). Naturalsewage treatment and resource utilization technology ofurban sewage(城市污水自然生态处理与资源化利用技术)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2006:33-34.
[2] WEI Q,DOU J F,DING A Z,et al. A study of subsur-face wastewater infiltration systems for distributed ruralsewage treatment[J]. Environmental Technology,2014,35(16):2115-2121.
[3] LI Yinghua(李英华),SUN Tieheng(孙铁珩),LI Haibo(李海波),et al. Technical difficulties and solutions ofsubsurface infiltration system in domestic wastewater treat-ment[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology(环境学杂志).2009,28(7):1415-1418.
[4] ZHENG Xiangyong(郑向勇). YAN Li(严立),WANGChong(王崇),et al. Types of technology for under-ground infiltration wastewater treatment system[J]. ChinaWater and Wastewater(中国给水排水),2006,22(6):11-14.
[5] SONG Fei(宋斐),WANG Jun(王军),HE Yun(何云),et al. Treatment effect of modified subsurface soilinfiltration system under different hydraulic loading rates[J]. Urban Environment and Urban Ecology(城市环境与城市生态),2015,28(2):43-46.
[6] XUE Niantao(薛念涛),CAO Mingli(曹明利),JIYukun(纪玉琨),et al. Research status and develop-ment trends of hydrolysis acidification process[J]. Envi-ronmental Engineering(环境工程学报),2013,31(5):50-54.
[7] SUN Huiling(孙会玲),CHEN Guoqing(陈国庆),LIUMei(刘梅),et al. Impact of hydraulic retention time onthe hydrolytic acidification with the modified mussel shelltaken as packing media in biological aerated filter for sew-age treatment[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2016,16(2):309-313.
[8] YU Yanyan(余艳艳),LI Haibo(李海波),JI Xianchao(季现超),et al. Integration process of decentralizedwastewater treatment in hydrolysis acidification-under-ground infiltration[J]. Chinese Journal of EnvironmentalEngineering(环境工程学报), 2016, 10(11):6491-6498.
[9] JI Yingfang(吉英芳),ZUO Ning(左宁),HUANG Liy-an(黄力彦),et al. Study on operation performance ofhydrolysis-acidification-A2O sludge reduction process[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报),2010,4(4):795-800.
[10] LIU Xinmei(刘新梅). Discussion on the methods ofmonitoring and analyzing water and wastewater[J]. En-vironmental Monitoring in China(中国环境监测),1993,9(1):62-64.
[11] CHEN Hongyi(陈洪一). Research on the pretreatment ofthe stream source by hydrolysis/adcification(水解酸化预处理溪流源试验研究)[D]. Harbin:Harbin Insti-tute of Technology,2011.
[12] YANG Y Q,ZHAN X,WU S J,et al. Effect of hydrau-lic loading rate on pollutant removal efficiency in sub-surface infiltration system under intermittent operationand micro-power aeration[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,205:174-182.
[13] WAN Jinbao(万金宝),FU Yu(付煜),LIU Feng(刘峰),et al. Domestic wastewater treatment by hydrolyticacidification/biological contact oxidation process[J].Technology of Water Treatment(水处理技术),2018,44(3):129-135.
[14] CHEN Jing(陈晶),DENG Wen(邓文),CHEN Ping(陈萍),et al. Experiment for enhancing nitrogen re-moval from the effluent sewage treating plant via the de-nitrifying bacteria in the context of subsurface flow con-structed wetland[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(1):262-266.
[15] SUN Y F,QI S Y,ZHENG F P,et al. Organics remov-al,nitrogen removal and N2O emission in subsurfacewastewater infiltration systems amended with/withoutbiochar and sludge[J]. Bioresource Technology,2018,249:57-61.
[16] XU Fei(许菲),QI Yupeng(齐钰鹏),ZHANG Congx-uan(张从轩),et al. Phosphorus and nitrogen removalby a combined process of BAF and subsurfacewastewater infiltration system[J]. Chinese Journal ofEnvironmental Engineering(环境工程学报),2017,11(3):1465-1471.
[17] LIU Zhen(刘臻),LIU Tao(刘涛),ZHOU Jian(周健),et al. Influence of water feeding pattern on the ni-trification efficiency of the deep sequencing constructedwetlands[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(4):1432-1436.
[18] ZHANG Jian(张建),HUANG Xia(黄霞),WEI Jie(魏杰),et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal mech-anism in subsurface wastewater infiltration system[J].China Environmental Science(中国环境科学),2002,22(5):438-441.
[19] HUSSON O. Redox potential(Eh)and p H as drivers ofsoil/plant/microorganism systems:a transdisciplinaryoverview pointing to integrative opportunities for agrono-my[J]. Plant Soil,2013,362:389-417.
[20] LI Haibo(李海波),MA Jifu(马吉福),WANG Xin(王鑫),et al. Effect of hydraulic loading rate on sew-age treatment efficiency of subsurface wastewater infiltra-tion system[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engi-neering(环境工程学报),2016,10(2):544-550.
[21] YAN Qun(严群),WANG Hong(汪宏),HAN Dongx-ue(寒冬雪),et al. Research on the treatment of do-mestic sewage by subsurface infiltration systems with dif-ferent filling materials[J]. Industrial Water Treatment(工业水处理),2016,36(4):64-68.
[22] XIAO Siyao(肖思瑶),LI Yinghua(李英华),DUANYulong(段玉龙),et al. Effect of the dry-wet ratio onthe infiltrating quality and the N2O emission in a subsur-face sewage infiltration system[J]. Journal of Safetyand Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(6):2337-2341.
[23] CHEUNG M. Roles of immobilized biomass in an anaero-bic hybrid reactor[D]. Hong Kong:Hong Kong Poly-technic University,2003.
[24] SUN Tieheng(孙铁珩),LI Xianfa(李宪法). Naturalsewage treatment and resource utilization technology ofurban sewage(城市污水自然生态处理与资源化利用技术)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2006:33-34.
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