辽西地区医疗机构卫生应急能力评价
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摘要
目的评价辽宁省辽西地区(锦州、盘锦、葫芦岛市)医疗救治体系在公共卫生体系建设中的卫生应急能力建设及医疗机构对突发公共卫生事件应急能力。方法于2017年5月—2018年3月采用普查方法对辽西地区79家二级及以上医疗机构相关工作人员进行问卷调查,评价辽西地区医疗机构卫生应急能力。结果辽西地区医疗机构突发公共事件的医疗救治、传染病防治、医疗机构血液管理、实验室检测、卫生应急保障和储备、医院感染控制、疾病监测报告、卫生应急培训和善后评估能力9个卫生应急能力指标得分分别为(4.56±4.16)、(0.42±0.52)、(2.22±1.28)、(3.23±1.91)、(3.24±1.79)、(10.62±1.75)、(1.61±0.55)、(7.33±3.48)、(1.25±1.20)分;辽西地区79家二级及以上医疗机构中,19家卫生应急能力较强占24.05%, 42家卫生应急能力处于中等水平,占53.17%,18家卫生应急能力较弱,占22.79%。结论辽宁省辽西地区医疗卫生应急能力初步形成,医疗机构卫生应急能力处于中等水平的医疗机构较多,还应继续加强应急能力建设。
Objective To evaluate the construction and capability of health emergency response in medical institutions in western region of Liaoning province. Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey among all second-class and above medical institutions(n = 79) in western region(Jinzhou, Panjin and Huludao municipality) of Liaoning province between May 2017 and March 2018. A self-designed questionnaire was filled out by medical staff from departments involved in health emergency response in each of the institutions selected. Results The mean scores for 9 domain capabilities in dealing with public health emergency were 4.56 ± 4.14 for medical treatment, 0.42 ± 0.52 for infectious disease control and prevention,2.22 ± 1.28 for blood transfusion management, 3.23 ± 1.91 for laboratory detection,3.24 ± 1.79 for logistics support and material reserve,10.62 ± 1.75 for nosocomial infection control, 1.61 ± 0.55 for disease surveillance and reporting, 7.33 ± 3.48 for training on health emergency management, and 1.25 ± 1.20 for outcome assessment, respectively.Of all the medical institutions surveyed, 19(24.05%), 42(53.17%), and 18(22.79%) were categorized as the institutions with high, moderate, and low health emergency response capability. Conclusion The health emergency response capability is preliminarily established in medical institutions in western region of Liaoning province but the capability is at a moderate level for the majority of the institutions, suggesting that the construction of health emergency response capability needs to be promoted in the institutions.
Objective To evaluate the construction and capability of health emergency response in medical institutions in western region of Liaoning province. Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey among all second-class and above medical institutions(n = 79) in western region(Jinzhou, Panjin and Huludao municipality) of Liaoning province between May 2017 and March 2018. A self-designed questionnaire was filled out by medical staff from departments involved in health emergency response in each of the institutions selected. Results The mean scores for 9 domain capabilities in dealing with public health emergency were 4.56 ± 4.14 for medical treatment, 0.42 ± 0.52 for infectious disease control and prevention,2.22 ± 1.28 for blood transfusion management, 3.23 ± 1.91 for laboratory detection,3.24 ± 1.79 for logistics support and material reserve,10.62 ± 1.75 for nosocomial infection control, 1.61 ± 0.55 for disease surveillance and reporting, 7.33 ± 3.48 for training on health emergency management, and 1.25 ± 1.20 for outcome assessment, respectively.Of all the medical institutions surveyed, 19(24.05%), 42(53.17%), and 18(22.79%) were categorized as the institutions with high, moderate, and low health emergency response capability. Conclusion The health emergency response capability is preliminarily established in medical institutions in western region of Liaoning province but the capability is at a moderate level for the majority of the institutions, suggesting that the construction of health emergency response capability needs to be promoted in the institutions.
引文
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[2]孙海燕,赵明瑶.区级卫生应急核心能力评估指标体系研究[J].中国卫生资源,2017, 20(2):178-181.
[3]乔莉,覃纯初,林金生.发公共卫生事件中急救护理措施的作用[J].中国公共卫生管理,2016, 32(3):395-396.
[4]柴燕,陶茂萱,程玉兰,等.山西省公众应对突发公共卫生事件的应急准备与知识技能干预效果分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2014, 15(7):28-32.
[5]詹美蓉,陈彩粼,叶雯婧,等.首届全国青年运动会传染病类公共卫生风险评估[J].中国公共卫生管理,2016,32(4):431-434.
[6]宁杰,邹佳辰,王延赏,等.天津市医疗机构卫生应急能力因子分析法评价[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(10):1386-1389.
[7]李继光.浅论医院应对突发公共卫生事件能力的提高[J].中国医院,2003,7(17):17-191.
[8]Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA)and National Emergency Management Association(NEMA)(2000).State Capability Assessment for Readiness(CAR)[EB/OL].[2016-11-11].http://www.fema.gov/doc/rrr/afterreport.doc.
[9]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. State Public Health Preparedness and Response Capacity Inventory. December 2002:version 1.1)[EB/OL].[2016-11-11]. http://www.phppo.cdc.gov/od/inventory/.
[10] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Public health performance assessment-emergency preparedness)[EB/OL].[2016-11-13].http://www.state.in.us/isdh/bioterrorism/assesment.pdf.
[11]郑立国,官旭华,黄淑琼,等.湖北省2008-2014年突发公共卫生事件特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(4):521-523.
[12]鲲鹏.地震灾后医疗救助评估与政策研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2010.
[13]申锦玉,牛建军,陈敏,等.厦门市医疗机构突发公共卫生事件应急能力评价[J].热带医学杂志,2010,10(6):712-715.