航空时间域电磁法在澳大利亚新英格兰造山带铜多金属矿靶区优选与评价中的应用
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摘要
澳大利亚新英格兰造山带构造演化历史复杂,已知铜多金属矿床(点)众多,成矿条件较为优越,是实现铜多金属矿找矿突破的有利区域。通过以航空时间域电磁法测量为核心的工作手段,以航电、磁异常为基础,以"类比—求同"为靶区优选评价指导思想,对新英格兰造山带某探矿权内开展铜多金属矿靶区优选和评价工作。在该地形条件复杂的工作区内,快速、科学有效圈定并优选出铜多金属矿找矿靶区共计9处,其中Ⅰ类找矿靶区3处,Ⅱ类找矿靶区5处,Ⅲ类找矿靶区1处,为在境内外类似工作条件的地区快速有效开展铜多金属矿找矿靶区优选和评价工作提供了参考案例。
The New England Orogen( NEO) is located in East Australia. Due to the numerous copper polymetallic deposits or ore spots and the complicated evolution history of tectonic activity,NEO shows the high exploration potential for copper polymetallic minerals,even large-sized deposits. The airborne electronic anomalies were delineated by airborne time-domain electromagnetic method. Based on the aerial electronic anomalies and using a method called " Seeking Common" with the known copper polymetallic ore spots,the authors performed the optimization and evaluation of copper polymetallic minerals in an exploration license within quite difficult topographic conditions for ground exploration in NEO. Using the airborne time-domain electromagnetic method,the authors rapidly and effectively determined and optimized nine copper polymetallic exploration targets. Those targets were classified into three levels: Level Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ.Finally,and there were three,five and one targets for Level Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ respectively. In a word,the work completed in this paper is expected to provide a referable case for rapidly and effectively conducting optimization and evaluation of copper polymetallic minerals in some special areas within difficult topographies for ground exploration both in China and abroad.
The New England Orogen( NEO) is located in East Australia. Due to the numerous copper polymetallic deposits or ore spots and the complicated evolution history of tectonic activity,NEO shows the high exploration potential for copper polymetallic minerals,even large-sized deposits. The airborne electronic anomalies were delineated by airborne time-domain electromagnetic method. Based on the aerial electronic anomalies and using a method called " Seeking Common" with the known copper polymetallic ore spots,the authors performed the optimization and evaluation of copper polymetallic minerals in an exploration license within quite difficult topographic conditions for ground exploration in NEO. Using the airborne time-domain electromagnetic method,the authors rapidly and effectively determined and optimized nine copper polymetallic exploration targets. Those targets were classified into three levels: Level Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ.Finally,and there were three,five and one targets for Level Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ respectively. In a word,the work completed in this paper is expected to provide a referable case for rapidly and effectively conducting optimization and evaluation of copper polymetallic minerals in some special areas within difficult topographies for ground exploration both in China and abroad.
引文
[1]徐明钻,刘建东,杜菊民,等.澳大利亚新南威尔士州新英格兰造山带金、铜多金属矿地质找矿进展[J].矿产勘查,2013,4(6):707-713.Xu M Z,Liu J D,Du J M,et al. Geological exploration progress of gold and copper multi-metal deposits in New England Orogen,New South Wales,Australia[J]. Mineral Exploration,2013,46(6):707-713.
[2] Champion D C,Kositcin N,Huston D L,et al. Geodynamic Synthesis of the Phanerozoic of Eastern Australia and implications for Metallogeny[J]. Geoscience Australia Record,2009,18:254.
[3] Barnes R G,Brown R E,Brownlow J W,et al. A Review of the mineral deposits of the New England Orogen in New South Wales[J]. New England Orogen Tectonics and Metallogenesis,1988:212-227.
[4] Voisey A H. Geology and mineralization of eastern New South Wales[C]//In Mc Andrew,J.,Ed. Geology of Australian Ore Deposits. Eighth Commomwealth Mining and Metallurgical Congress,Melbourne,1965:402-410.
[5] Markham N L,Basden H. The Mineral Deposits of New South Wales[J]. New South Wales Geological Survey,Sydney,1975,682.
[6] Degeling P R,Gilligan L B,Scheibner E,et al. Metallogeny and tectonic development of the Tasman Fold Belt system in New South Wales[J]. Ore Geology Reviews 1986,1:259-313.
[7] Gilligan L B,Brownlow J W. Tamworth-Hastings 1∶250,000 Metallogenic Map[M]. Mineral deposit Data Sheets and Metallogenic Study:New South Wales Geological Survey,Metallogenic map series,1987,438pp.
[8] Irvine R J,Smith M J. Geophysical exploration for epithermal gold deposits[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1990,36:375-412.
[9] Mc Donald P A. Gold undercover—A versatile time domain electromagnetic(VTEM)survey along the 2006 central victorian seismic transect[R]. Department of Primary Industries,Victoria,2008.
[10] Combrinck M,Mortimer R,Peters B. Base metal discoveries in Africa and Australia from VTEM data[C]//Extended Abstract Submission 20th International Geophysical Conference and ExhibitionAdelaide,South Australia 22-25 November,2009.
[11] Pittard K,Bourne B. The Geophysical Response of the Tusker Gold Deposit,Lake Victoria Gold Fields,Tanzania[C]//Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists Conference,Adelaide,February 2009.
[12] Boivin M,Legault J,Kumar H. VTEM Case Study—The Coulon Project:The evolution of a geophysical strategy in a VMS camp[C]//KEGS-PDAC symposium,“Geophysical Applications to VMS Exploration:Past,Present,and Future”. Toronto,ON,February,2009.
[13]殷长春,张博,刘云鹤,等.航空电磁勘查技术发展现状及展望[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(8):2637-2653.Yin C C,Zhang B,Liu Y H,et al. Review on airborne EM technology and developmets[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(8):2637-2653.
[14]相丽娜,王志宏,孙栋华,等.航电在高山区找矿快速突破中的应用[J].物探与化探,2018,42(2):225-233.Xiang L N,Wang Z H,Sun D H,et al. The application of theairborne electromagnetic method to rapid prospecting breakthrough in high moutain areas[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2018,42(2):225-233.
[15]李怀渊,张景训,江民忠,等.航空时间域电磁法测量系统VTEM应用效果分析[J].地质论评,2015,61(增刊):665-666.Li H Y,Zhang J X,Jiang M Z,et al. The application of airborne time-domain electro-magnetic measuring system(versatile timedomain electro-magnetic system)[J]. Geological Review,2015,suppl. 61:665-666.
[16]骆燕,江民忠,宁媛丽,等.不同类型低阻异常航电时间常数的特征分析[J].物探与化探,2016,40(5):991-997.Luo Y,Jiang M Z,Ning Y L,et al. The characteristics of time constant of different conductive anomalies from airborne TEM data[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2016,40(5):991-997.
[17]张文斌.高精度航空物探综合测量在地质填图中的应用[J].物探与化探,2004,28(4):283-286.Zhang W B. The application of high-precision aerogeophysical integrated survey to geological mapping[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(4):283-286.
[18]崔志强.高精度航空物探在重要成矿带资源调查中的应用[J].物探与化探,2018,42(1):28-49.Cui Z Q. The application of the high precision airborne geophysical survey to the investigation of important metallogenic belts[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2018,42(1):28-49.
[19]骆燕,曾阳,石岩,等.航空瞬变电磁法在火山岩型块状硫化物矿区的试验[J].物探与化探,2014,38(4):840-845.Luo Y,Zeng Y,Shi Y,et al. The test of airborne transient electromagnetic technology in the volcanics-associated massive sulfide ore district[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2014,38(4):840-845.
[20]贺颢,孟庆敏,满延龙,等.航空物探(电、磁)综合测量与胶东金矿普查[J].物探与化探,2005,29(5):397-400.He H,Meng Q M,Man Y L,et al. The applicaion of airborne geophysical(electric,magnetic)integrated survey to gold exploration in Jiaodong area[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2005,29(5):397-400.
[21]孙栋华,李怀渊,江民忠,等.时间域航空电磁、航磁在五龙沟金矿整装勘查区中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2017,32(6):2533-2544.Sun D H,Li H Y,Jiang M Z,et al. Applications of time domain airborne electromagnetic and aeromagnetic in Wulonggou gold deposit exploration area[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2017,32(6):2533-2544.
[22]朱裕生.矿产预测理论——区域成矿学向矿产勘查延伸的理论体系[J].地质学报,2006,80(10):1518-1527.Zhu Y S. Basic theory of mineral resources assessment—theory system between regional metal logeny to mineral exporation[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(10):1518-1527.
[23] Dennis N N. Anuual reports EL4474,Halls Peak Area,Armidale Mining District[C]//Confidential Report for N.E.G.M.,1998.
[24] Degeling P R,Gilligan L B,Brownlow J W,et al. Dorrigo-Coffs Harbour 1∶250,000 metallogenic map SH/56-10,SH/56-11:metallogenic study and mineral deposit data sheets[R]. Geological Survey of N. S. W.,Sydney,1992,509.
[25] Moody T C,Ashley P M,Flood P G. The early Permian Halls Peak Volcanics and associated massive sulphide deposits:implications for the southern New England Orogen[C]//NEO'93 Conference Proceedings,1993.
[26] Prikhodko A. EM Time constant(Tau)analysis[R]. Geotech Ltd.,2010.
[27] Maxwell A. Meju. A simple method of transient electromagnetic data analysis[J]. Geophysics,1998,63(2):405-410.
[28]罗勇.时间域航空电磁一维正反演研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.Luo Y. The modeling and inverse of one dimensional time domain electromagnetic[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.
[29]王航宇.吊舱式时间域直升机航空电磁2.5维正演及响应曲线分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.Wang H Y. The research on htem 2.5D forward modeling and curve analysis[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.
[30]王浩.航空瞬变电磁CDI方法及分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.Wang H. Study on conductivity-depth imaging methods of airborne transient electromagnetics[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.
[31] Roberts A,Mortimer R. Halls Peak Project-VTEM survey documentation and Interpretation[R]. Southern Geoscience Consultants,2012.
[32]徐明钻,杜菊民,刘建东,等.澳大利亚新南威尔士州霍尔斯皮克(Halls Peak)地区EL7679矿权区金、铜多金属矿靶区优选与评价成果报告[R].南京:江苏省地质矿产勘查局第一地质大队,2015.Xu M Z,Du J M,Liu J D,et al. The final report of copper and multi-metal minerals prospecting target assessment and optimization in EL7679 Tenement in Halls Peak,New South Wales,Australia[R]. Nanjing:No. 1 Division of Jiangsu Geology&Mineral Exploration Bureau,2015.
[2] Champion D C,Kositcin N,Huston D L,et al. Geodynamic Synthesis of the Phanerozoic of Eastern Australia and implications for Metallogeny[J]. Geoscience Australia Record,2009,18:254.
[3] Barnes R G,Brown R E,Brownlow J W,et al. A Review of the mineral deposits of the New England Orogen in New South Wales[J]. New England Orogen Tectonics and Metallogenesis,1988:212-227.
[4] Voisey A H. Geology and mineralization of eastern New South Wales[C]//In Mc Andrew,J.,Ed. Geology of Australian Ore Deposits. Eighth Commomwealth Mining and Metallurgical Congress,Melbourne,1965:402-410.
[5] Markham N L,Basden H. The Mineral Deposits of New South Wales[J]. New South Wales Geological Survey,Sydney,1975,682.
[6] Degeling P R,Gilligan L B,Scheibner E,et al. Metallogeny and tectonic development of the Tasman Fold Belt system in New South Wales[J]. Ore Geology Reviews 1986,1:259-313.
[7] Gilligan L B,Brownlow J W. Tamworth-Hastings 1∶250,000 Metallogenic Map[M]. Mineral deposit Data Sheets and Metallogenic Study:New South Wales Geological Survey,Metallogenic map series,1987,438pp.
[8] Irvine R J,Smith M J. Geophysical exploration for epithermal gold deposits[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1990,36:375-412.
[9] Mc Donald P A. Gold undercover—A versatile time domain electromagnetic(VTEM)survey along the 2006 central victorian seismic transect[R]. Department of Primary Industries,Victoria,2008.
[10] Combrinck M,Mortimer R,Peters B. Base metal discoveries in Africa and Australia from VTEM data[C]//Extended Abstract Submission 20th International Geophysical Conference and ExhibitionAdelaide,South Australia 22-25 November,2009.
[11] Pittard K,Bourne B. The Geophysical Response of the Tusker Gold Deposit,Lake Victoria Gold Fields,Tanzania[C]//Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists Conference,Adelaide,February 2009.
[12] Boivin M,Legault J,Kumar H. VTEM Case Study—The Coulon Project:The evolution of a geophysical strategy in a VMS camp[C]//KEGS-PDAC symposium,“Geophysical Applications to VMS Exploration:Past,Present,and Future”. Toronto,ON,February,2009.
[13]殷长春,张博,刘云鹤,等.航空电磁勘查技术发展现状及展望[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(8):2637-2653.Yin C C,Zhang B,Liu Y H,et al. Review on airborne EM technology and developmets[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(8):2637-2653.
[14]相丽娜,王志宏,孙栋华,等.航电在高山区找矿快速突破中的应用[J].物探与化探,2018,42(2):225-233.Xiang L N,Wang Z H,Sun D H,et al. The application of theairborne electromagnetic method to rapid prospecting breakthrough in high moutain areas[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2018,42(2):225-233.
[15]李怀渊,张景训,江民忠,等.航空时间域电磁法测量系统VTEM应用效果分析[J].地质论评,2015,61(增刊):665-666.Li H Y,Zhang J X,Jiang M Z,et al. The application of airborne time-domain electro-magnetic measuring system(versatile timedomain electro-magnetic system)[J]. Geological Review,2015,suppl. 61:665-666.
[16]骆燕,江民忠,宁媛丽,等.不同类型低阻异常航电时间常数的特征分析[J].物探与化探,2016,40(5):991-997.Luo Y,Jiang M Z,Ning Y L,et al. The characteristics of time constant of different conductive anomalies from airborne TEM data[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2016,40(5):991-997.
[17]张文斌.高精度航空物探综合测量在地质填图中的应用[J].物探与化探,2004,28(4):283-286.Zhang W B. The application of high-precision aerogeophysical integrated survey to geological mapping[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(4):283-286.
[18]崔志强.高精度航空物探在重要成矿带资源调查中的应用[J].物探与化探,2018,42(1):28-49.Cui Z Q. The application of the high precision airborne geophysical survey to the investigation of important metallogenic belts[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2018,42(1):28-49.
[19]骆燕,曾阳,石岩,等.航空瞬变电磁法在火山岩型块状硫化物矿区的试验[J].物探与化探,2014,38(4):840-845.Luo Y,Zeng Y,Shi Y,et al. The test of airborne transient electromagnetic technology in the volcanics-associated massive sulfide ore district[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2014,38(4):840-845.
[20]贺颢,孟庆敏,满延龙,等.航空物探(电、磁)综合测量与胶东金矿普查[J].物探与化探,2005,29(5):397-400.He H,Meng Q M,Man Y L,et al. The applicaion of airborne geophysical(electric,magnetic)integrated survey to gold exploration in Jiaodong area[J]. Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2005,29(5):397-400.
[21]孙栋华,李怀渊,江民忠,等.时间域航空电磁、航磁在五龙沟金矿整装勘查区中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2017,32(6):2533-2544.Sun D H,Li H Y,Jiang M Z,et al. Applications of time domain airborne electromagnetic and aeromagnetic in Wulonggou gold deposit exploration area[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2017,32(6):2533-2544.
[22]朱裕生.矿产预测理论——区域成矿学向矿产勘查延伸的理论体系[J].地质学报,2006,80(10):1518-1527.Zhu Y S. Basic theory of mineral resources assessment—theory system between regional metal logeny to mineral exporation[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(10):1518-1527.
[23] Dennis N N. Anuual reports EL4474,Halls Peak Area,Armidale Mining District[C]//Confidential Report for N.E.G.M.,1998.
[24] Degeling P R,Gilligan L B,Brownlow J W,et al. Dorrigo-Coffs Harbour 1∶250,000 metallogenic map SH/56-10,SH/56-11:metallogenic study and mineral deposit data sheets[R]. Geological Survey of N. S. W.,Sydney,1992,509.
[25] Moody T C,Ashley P M,Flood P G. The early Permian Halls Peak Volcanics and associated massive sulphide deposits:implications for the southern New England Orogen[C]//NEO'93 Conference Proceedings,1993.
[26] Prikhodko A. EM Time constant(Tau)analysis[R]. Geotech Ltd.,2010.
[27] Maxwell A. Meju. A simple method of transient electromagnetic data analysis[J]. Geophysics,1998,63(2):405-410.
[28]罗勇.时间域航空电磁一维正反演研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.Luo Y. The modeling and inverse of one dimensional time domain electromagnetic[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.
[29]王航宇.吊舱式时间域直升机航空电磁2.5维正演及响应曲线分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.Wang H Y. The research on htem 2.5D forward modeling and curve analysis[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.
[30]王浩.航空瞬变电磁CDI方法及分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.Wang H. Study on conductivity-depth imaging methods of airborne transient electromagnetics[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.
[31] Roberts A,Mortimer R. Halls Peak Project-VTEM survey documentation and Interpretation[R]. Southern Geoscience Consultants,2012.
[32]徐明钻,杜菊民,刘建东,等.澳大利亚新南威尔士州霍尔斯皮克(Halls Peak)地区EL7679矿权区金、铜多金属矿靶区优选与评价成果报告[R].南京:江苏省地质矿产勘查局第一地质大队,2015.Xu M Z,Du J M,Liu J D,et al. The final report of copper and multi-metal minerals prospecting target assessment and optimization in EL7679 Tenement in Halls Peak,New South Wales,Australia[R]. Nanjing:No. 1 Division of Jiangsu Geology&Mineral Exploration Bureau,2015.
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