水下无线电能传输技术及应用研究综述
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摘要
为了解决海洋水下设备的能源供给问题,无线电能传输技术正成为新型的水下电能传输方式,它具有传统的电能补给方式不可比拟的技术优势,可有效提高水下设备的供电安全性、可靠性、便捷性和隐蔽性。本文在分析水下无线电能传输技术发展现状基础上,论述电磁感应式、磁耦合谐振式和超声波耦合式三种水下无线电能传输技术的实现原理和优缺点,总结分析当前水下无线电能传输领域的研究热点,最后针对技术发展趋势,阐述了水下无线电能传输亟需解决的技术问题。
Wireless power transfer is becoming a new mode in underwater power transmission with the growing demand for solving the problem in energy supply of marine underwater equipment.It has incomparable advantages over the traditional ways of power transfer in technology,which improves the power supply security,reliability,convenience and concealment of marine underwater equipment effectively.Based on the analysis of development status of wireless power transfer,the principle,advantages and disadvantages of electro-magnetic inductive,magnetic resonance coupling and ultrasonic coupling were discussed.The hotspots in the research of wireless power transfer were then summarized and analyzed.Finally,technical problems to be solved in underwater wireless power transfer were elaborated according to the technical development trend.
Wireless power transfer is becoming a new mode in underwater power transmission with the growing demand for solving the problem in energy supply of marine underwater equipment.It has incomparable advantages over the traditional ways of power transfer in technology,which improves the power supply security,reliability,convenience and concealment of marine underwater equipment effectively.Based on the analysis of development status of wireless power transfer,the principle,advantages and disadvantages of electro-magnetic inductive,magnetic resonance coupling and ultrasonic coupling were discussed.The hotspots in the research of wireless power transfer were then summarized and analyzed.Finally,technical problems to be solved in underwater wireless power transfer were elaborated according to the technical development trend.
引文
[1]周德鑫,任斌,王晟.国外水中装备用锂电池发展综述[J].电源技术,2015,139(4):846-851.Zhou Dexin,Ren Bin,Wang Sheng.Review on lithium batteries for underwater weapons[J].Chinses Journal of Power Sources,2015,139(4):846-851.
[2]牛王强.水下无线电能传输研究进展[J].南京信息工程大学学报(自然科学版),2017,9(1):46-53.Niu Wangqiang.The state of the art of underwater wireless power transfer[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,9(1):46-53.
[3]Manikandan J,Akash S,Vishwanath A,et al.Design and development of contactless battery charger for underwater vehicles[C]//2015 Michael Faraday IETInternational Summit,Kolkata,India,2015:362-367.
[4]Shi Jianguang,Li Dejun,Yang Canjun.Design and analysis of an underwater inductive coupling power transfer system for autonomous underwater vehicle docking applications[J].Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers&Electronics),2014,15(1):51-62.
[5]程时杰,陈小良,王军华,等.无线输电关键技术及其应用[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(19):68-84.Cheng Shijie,Chen Xiaoliang,Wang Junhua,et al.Key technologies and applications of wireless power transmission[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(19):68-84.
[6]Kurs A,Karalis A,Moffatt R,et al.Wireless power transfer via strongly coupled magnetic resonances[J].Science,2007,317(5834):83-86.
[7]Zhang Fei,Hackworth Steven A,Fu Weinong,et al.Relay effect of wireless power transfer using strongly coupled magnetic resonances[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(5):1478-1481.
[8]Li Ying,Member,Vikram jandhyala.Design of retrodirective antenna arrays for short-range wireless power transmission[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2012,60(1):206-211.
[9]Mauro Ettorre,Anthony Grbic.A transponder-based,nonradiative wireless power transfer[J].IEEEAntennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2012,11:1150-1153.
[10]Raymond J Sedwick.Long range inductive power transfer with superconducting oscillators[J].Annals of Physics,2010,325:287-299.
[11]黄学良,谭林林,陈中,等.无线电能传输技术研究与应用综述[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):1-11.Huang Xueliang,Tan Linlin,Chen Zhong,et al Review and research progress on wireless power transfer technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):1-11.
[12]赵争鸣,张艺明,陈凯楠.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):1-13.Zhao Zhengming,Zhang Yiming,Chen Kainan.New progress of magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):1-13.
[13]Kuipers J,Bruning H,Bakker S,et al.Near field resonant inductive coupling to power electronic devices dispersed in water[J].Sensors and Actuators A:Physical,2014,178:217-222.
[14]Kuipers J,Bruning H,Yntema D,et al.Selfcapacitance and resistive losses of saline-water-filled inductors[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(5):2356-2361.
[15]梁彬,李醒飞,房诚,等.海洋浮标非接触电能传输电磁耦合器设计[J].电源技术,2011,26(9):419-422.Liang Bin,Li Xingfei,Fang Cheng,et al.Design for ocean buoys contactless power transmissionelectromagnetic couplers[J].Chinses Journal of Power Sources,2011,26(9):419-422.
[16]Lipworth G,Ensworth J,Seetharam K,et al Magnetic metamaterial superlens for increased range wireless power transfer[J].Scientific Reports,2014(4):3642-3648.
[17]Wu Peng,Bai Fan,Xue Quan,et al.Use of frequency-selective surface for suppressing radiofrequency interference from wireless charging pads[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(8):3969-3977.
[18]Hamam R E,Karalis A,Joannopoulos J D,et al.Efficient weakly-radiative wireless energy transfer:an EIT-like approach[J].Annals of Physics,2009324(8):1783-1795.
[19]Beh T C,Imura T,Kato M,et al.Basic study of improving efficiency of wireless power transfer via magnetic resonance coupling based on impedance matching[C]//2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics,New York,2010:2011-2016.
[20]邹玉炜,黄学良,柏杨,等.基于PZT的超声波无接触能量传输系统的研究[J].电工技术学报,201126(9):144-150.Zou Yuwei,Huang Xueliang,Bai Yang,et al.Research on contactless ultrasonic energy transfer system based on PZT[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(9):144-150.
[21]李泽松.基于电磁感应原理的水下非接触式电能传输技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010:2-15.
[22]Andreas Chris,Mark G Douglas,John M Roman,et al.Evaluation of wireless resonant power transfer systems with human electromagnetic exposure limits[J].IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2013,55(2):265-272.
[23]Sample A,Meyer D,Smith J.Analysis,experimental results,and range adaptation of magnetically coupled resonators for wireless power transfer[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,201058(2):544-554.
[24]Mizuno T,Yachi S,Kamiya A,et al.Improvement in efficiency of wireless power transfer of magnetic resonant coupling using magnetoplated wire[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):4445-4448.
[25]Mi C C,Buja G,Choi S Y,et al.Modern advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway powered electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(10):1-1.
[26]Li S,Mi C C.Wireless power transfer for electric vehicle applications[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging&Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(1):4-17.
[27]赵争鸣,张艺明,陈凯楠.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):1-13.Zhao Zhengming,Zhang Yiming,Chen Kainan.New progress of magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):1-13.
[28]Choi B H,Lee E S,Huh J,et al.Lumped impedance transformers for compact and robust coupled magnetic resonance systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(11):6046-6056.
[29]Cheon S,Kim Y H,Kang S Y,et al.Circuitmodel-based analysis of a wireless energy-transfer system via coupled magnetic resonances[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(7):2906-2914.
[30]Ho S L,Wang J,Fu W N,et al.A comparative study between novel witricity and traditional inductive magnetic coupling in wireless charging[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2011,47(5):1522-1525.
[31]康乐,胡欲立,张克涵.水下磁谐振式无线电能传输系统的分析与设计[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,49(10):41-47,53.Kang Le,Hu Yuli,Zhang Kehan.Analysis and design for underwater magnetic resonance-based wireless power transfer system[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2015,49(10):41-47,53.
[32]许康,陈希有,刘丹宁.海下超声耦合无线电能传输系统电学阻抗变换技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4461-4465.Xu Kang,Chen Xiyou,Liu Danning.Electrical impedance transformation techniques for an ultrasonic coupling wireless power transfer System under sea water[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4461-4465.
[33]Lawry T J,Saulnier G J,Ashdown J D,et al.Penetration-free system for transmission of data and power through solid metal barriers[C]//Military Communications Conference,Milcom,2011:389-395.
[34]Ozeri S,Shmilovitz D.Ultrasonic transcutaneous energy transfer for powering implanted devices[J].Ultrasonics,2010,50(6):556-566.
[35]Ram Rakhyani A K,Mirabbasi S,Chiao M.Design and optimization of resonance-based efficient wireless power delivery systems for biomedical implants[J].IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,2011,5(1):48-63.
[36]高键鑫,吴旭升,高嵬,等.电磁感应式非接触电能传输技术研究综述[J].电源学报,2017,15(2):166-178.Gao Jianxin,Wu Xusheng,Gao Wei,et al.Review on inductive contactless power transfer technology[J].Journal of Power Supply,2017,15(2):166-178.
[37]张强,王玉峰.海洋浮标的非接触式电能与数据传输[J].仪器仪表学报,2010,31(11):2615-2621.Zhang Qiang,Wang Yufeng.Noncontact power and data delivery for ocean observation mooring buoy[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2010,31(11):2615-2621.
[38]Cha H K,Park WT,Je M.A CMOS rectifier with a cross-Coupled latched comparator for wireless power transfer in biomedical applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II:Express Briefs,2012,59(7):409413.
[39]戴卫力,费峻涛,肖建康.无线电能传输技术综述及应用前景[J].电气技术,2010,11(7):1-6.Dai Weili,Fei Juntao,Xiao Jiankang.An overview and application prospect of wireless power transmission technology[J].Electrical Engineering,2010,11(7):1-6.
[40]Kojiya T,Sato F,Matsuki H,et al.Construction of non-contacting power feeding system to underwater vehicle utilizing electromagnetic induction[C]//Europe Oceans,Brest,France,2005,1:709-712.
[41]Karalis A,Joannopoulos J D,Solja?i?M.Efficient wireless non-radiative mid-range energy transfer[J].Annals of Physics,2008,323(1):34-48.
[42]王司令,宋保维,段桂林,等.水下航行器非接触式电能传输技术研究[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(6):36-41.Wang Siling,Song Baowei,Duan Guilin,et al.Study on non-contact power transmission of underwater unmanned vehicle[J].Electric Machines and Control,2014,18(6):36-41.
[43]张克涵,阎龙斌,闫争超,等.基于磁共振的水下非接触式电能传输系统建模与损耗分析[J].物理学报,2016,65(4):334-342.Zhang Kehan,Yan Longbin,Yan Zhengchao,et al.Modeling and analysis of eddy-current loss of underwater contact-less power transmission system based on magnetic coupled resonance[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2016,65(4):334-342.
[44]Waters B H,Smith J R,Bonde P.Innovative free-range resonant electrical energy delivery system(FREE-D system)for a ventricular assist device using wireless power[J].ASAIO Journal,2014,60(1):31-37.
[45]Zhong W X,Chi Kwan L,Hui S Y.Wireless power domino-resonator systems with noncoaxial axes and circular structures[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(11):4750-4762.
[46]孙跃,廖志娟,叶兆虹,等.基于振动理论的MCR-WPT系统频率分裂特性研究[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(13):3140-3148.Sun Yue,Liao Zhijuan,Ye Zhaohong,et al.Research on frequency splitting characteristic of MCR-WPTsystems based on vibration theory[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(13):3140-3148.
[2]牛王强.水下无线电能传输研究进展[J].南京信息工程大学学报(自然科学版),2017,9(1):46-53.Niu Wangqiang.The state of the art of underwater wireless power transfer[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,9(1):46-53.
[3]Manikandan J,Akash S,Vishwanath A,et al.Design and development of contactless battery charger for underwater vehicles[C]//2015 Michael Faraday IETInternational Summit,Kolkata,India,2015:362-367.
[4]Shi Jianguang,Li Dejun,Yang Canjun.Design and analysis of an underwater inductive coupling power transfer system for autonomous underwater vehicle docking applications[J].Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers&Electronics),2014,15(1):51-62.
[5]程时杰,陈小良,王军华,等.无线输电关键技术及其应用[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(19):68-84.Cheng Shijie,Chen Xiaoliang,Wang Junhua,et al.Key technologies and applications of wireless power transmission[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(19):68-84.
[6]Kurs A,Karalis A,Moffatt R,et al.Wireless power transfer via strongly coupled magnetic resonances[J].Science,2007,317(5834):83-86.
[7]Zhang Fei,Hackworth Steven A,Fu Weinong,et al.Relay effect of wireless power transfer using strongly coupled magnetic resonances[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(5):1478-1481.
[8]Li Ying,Member,Vikram jandhyala.Design of retrodirective antenna arrays for short-range wireless power transmission[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2012,60(1):206-211.
[9]Mauro Ettorre,Anthony Grbic.A transponder-based,nonradiative wireless power transfer[J].IEEEAntennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2012,11:1150-1153.
[10]Raymond J Sedwick.Long range inductive power transfer with superconducting oscillators[J].Annals of Physics,2010,325:287-299.
[11]黄学良,谭林林,陈中,等.无线电能传输技术研究与应用综述[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):1-11.Huang Xueliang,Tan Linlin,Chen Zhong,et al Review and research progress on wireless power transfer technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):1-11.
[12]赵争鸣,张艺明,陈凯楠.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):1-13.Zhao Zhengming,Zhang Yiming,Chen Kainan.New progress of magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):1-13.
[13]Kuipers J,Bruning H,Bakker S,et al.Near field resonant inductive coupling to power electronic devices dispersed in water[J].Sensors and Actuators A:Physical,2014,178:217-222.
[14]Kuipers J,Bruning H,Yntema D,et al.Selfcapacitance and resistive losses of saline-water-filled inductors[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(5):2356-2361.
[15]梁彬,李醒飞,房诚,等.海洋浮标非接触电能传输电磁耦合器设计[J].电源技术,2011,26(9):419-422.Liang Bin,Li Xingfei,Fang Cheng,et al.Design for ocean buoys contactless power transmissionelectromagnetic couplers[J].Chinses Journal of Power Sources,2011,26(9):419-422.
[16]Lipworth G,Ensworth J,Seetharam K,et al Magnetic metamaterial superlens for increased range wireless power transfer[J].Scientific Reports,2014(4):3642-3648.
[17]Wu Peng,Bai Fan,Xue Quan,et al.Use of frequency-selective surface for suppressing radiofrequency interference from wireless charging pads[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(8):3969-3977.
[18]Hamam R E,Karalis A,Joannopoulos J D,et al.Efficient weakly-radiative wireless energy transfer:an EIT-like approach[J].Annals of Physics,2009324(8):1783-1795.
[19]Beh T C,Imura T,Kato M,et al.Basic study of improving efficiency of wireless power transfer via magnetic resonance coupling based on impedance matching[C]//2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics,New York,2010:2011-2016.
[20]邹玉炜,黄学良,柏杨,等.基于PZT的超声波无接触能量传输系统的研究[J].电工技术学报,201126(9):144-150.Zou Yuwei,Huang Xueliang,Bai Yang,et al.Research on contactless ultrasonic energy transfer system based on PZT[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(9):144-150.
[21]李泽松.基于电磁感应原理的水下非接触式电能传输技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010:2-15.
[22]Andreas Chris,Mark G Douglas,John M Roman,et al.Evaluation of wireless resonant power transfer systems with human electromagnetic exposure limits[J].IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2013,55(2):265-272.
[23]Sample A,Meyer D,Smith J.Analysis,experimental results,and range adaptation of magnetically coupled resonators for wireless power transfer[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,201058(2):544-554.
[24]Mizuno T,Yachi S,Kamiya A,et al.Improvement in efficiency of wireless power transfer of magnetic resonant coupling using magnetoplated wire[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):4445-4448.
[25]Mi C C,Buja G,Choi S Y,et al.Modern advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway powered electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(10):1-1.
[26]Li S,Mi C C.Wireless power transfer for electric vehicle applications[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging&Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(1):4-17.
[27]赵争鸣,张艺明,陈凯楠.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):1-13.Zhao Zhengming,Zhang Yiming,Chen Kainan.New progress of magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):1-13.
[28]Choi B H,Lee E S,Huh J,et al.Lumped impedance transformers for compact and robust coupled magnetic resonance systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(11):6046-6056.
[29]Cheon S,Kim Y H,Kang S Y,et al.Circuitmodel-based analysis of a wireless energy-transfer system via coupled magnetic resonances[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(7):2906-2914.
[30]Ho S L,Wang J,Fu W N,et al.A comparative study between novel witricity and traditional inductive magnetic coupling in wireless charging[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2011,47(5):1522-1525.
[31]康乐,胡欲立,张克涵.水下磁谐振式无线电能传输系统的分析与设计[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,49(10):41-47,53.Kang Le,Hu Yuli,Zhang Kehan.Analysis and design for underwater magnetic resonance-based wireless power transfer system[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2015,49(10):41-47,53.
[32]许康,陈希有,刘丹宁.海下超声耦合无线电能传输系统电学阻抗变换技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4461-4465.Xu Kang,Chen Xiyou,Liu Danning.Electrical impedance transformation techniques for an ultrasonic coupling wireless power transfer System under sea water[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4461-4465.
[33]Lawry T J,Saulnier G J,Ashdown J D,et al.Penetration-free system for transmission of data and power through solid metal barriers[C]//Military Communications Conference,Milcom,2011:389-395.
[34]Ozeri S,Shmilovitz D.Ultrasonic transcutaneous energy transfer for powering implanted devices[J].Ultrasonics,2010,50(6):556-566.
[35]Ram Rakhyani A K,Mirabbasi S,Chiao M.Design and optimization of resonance-based efficient wireless power delivery systems for biomedical implants[J].IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,2011,5(1):48-63.
[36]高键鑫,吴旭升,高嵬,等.电磁感应式非接触电能传输技术研究综述[J].电源学报,2017,15(2):166-178.Gao Jianxin,Wu Xusheng,Gao Wei,et al.Review on inductive contactless power transfer technology[J].Journal of Power Supply,2017,15(2):166-178.
[37]张强,王玉峰.海洋浮标的非接触式电能与数据传输[J].仪器仪表学报,2010,31(11):2615-2621.Zhang Qiang,Wang Yufeng.Noncontact power and data delivery for ocean observation mooring buoy[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2010,31(11):2615-2621.
[38]Cha H K,Park WT,Je M.A CMOS rectifier with a cross-Coupled latched comparator for wireless power transfer in biomedical applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II:Express Briefs,2012,59(7):409413.
[39]戴卫力,费峻涛,肖建康.无线电能传输技术综述及应用前景[J].电气技术,2010,11(7):1-6.Dai Weili,Fei Juntao,Xiao Jiankang.An overview and application prospect of wireless power transmission technology[J].Electrical Engineering,2010,11(7):1-6.
[40]Kojiya T,Sato F,Matsuki H,et al.Construction of non-contacting power feeding system to underwater vehicle utilizing electromagnetic induction[C]//Europe Oceans,Brest,France,2005,1:709-712.
[41]Karalis A,Joannopoulos J D,Solja?i?M.Efficient wireless non-radiative mid-range energy transfer[J].Annals of Physics,2008,323(1):34-48.
[42]王司令,宋保维,段桂林,等.水下航行器非接触式电能传输技术研究[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(6):36-41.Wang Siling,Song Baowei,Duan Guilin,et al.Study on non-contact power transmission of underwater unmanned vehicle[J].Electric Machines and Control,2014,18(6):36-41.
[43]张克涵,阎龙斌,闫争超,等.基于磁共振的水下非接触式电能传输系统建模与损耗分析[J].物理学报,2016,65(4):334-342.Zhang Kehan,Yan Longbin,Yan Zhengchao,et al.Modeling and analysis of eddy-current loss of underwater contact-less power transmission system based on magnetic coupled resonance[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2016,65(4):334-342.
[44]Waters B H,Smith J R,Bonde P.Innovative free-range resonant electrical energy delivery system(FREE-D system)for a ventricular assist device using wireless power[J].ASAIO Journal,2014,60(1):31-37.
[45]Zhong W X,Chi Kwan L,Hui S Y.Wireless power domino-resonator systems with noncoaxial axes and circular structures[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(11):4750-4762.
[46]孙跃,廖志娟,叶兆虹,等.基于振动理论的MCR-WPT系统频率分裂特性研究[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(13):3140-3148.Sun Yue,Liao Zhijuan,Ye Zhaohong,et al.Research on frequency splitting characteristic of MCR-WPTsystems based on vibration theory[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(13):3140-3148.
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