斜率比法评定肉仔鸡对铜源的相对生物学利用率
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摘要
本试验旨在研究肉仔鸡对不同铜源的相对生物学利用率。试验采用3×2完全随机设计,3种铜源分别为硫酸铜、碱式氯化铜和蛋氨酸铜,2个铜添加水平分别为10和20 mg/kg,另设1个不添加铜的对照组,共7组。选择1日龄健康雄性爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡504只,随机分为7组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡。试验期为21 d。结果表明:饲粮铜源和铜添加水平对1～21日龄肉仔鸡的末重、平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比均无显著影响(P> 0. 05)。肝脏铜含量和血浆铜蓝蛋白活性均随饲粮铜添加水平的增加而极显著增加(P<0.01)。以血浆铜蓝蛋白活性为评价指标,碱式氯化铜和蛋氨酸铜相对于硫酸铜(100%)的生物学利用率分别为141.05%和142.07%;以肝脏铜含量为评价指标,碱式氯化铜和蛋氨酸铜相对于硫酸铜(100%)的生物学利用率分别为127.61%和137.64%。由此可见,饲粮铜添加水平≤20 mg/kg(基础饲粮中铜含量为9.65 mg/kg)时对1～21日龄肉仔鸡无显著促生长作用; 21日龄肉仔鸡对低铜饲粮(铜添加水平≤20 mg/kg)中3种铜源的相对生物学利用率为:蛋氨酸铜>碱式氯化铜>硫酸铜。
This study was conducted to evaluate the relative bioavailability of different copper( Cu) source for broilers. According to 3×2 factorial completely randomized test design,three Cu sources( copper sulfate,tribasic copper chloride and copper methionine) and 2 Cu supplemented levels( 10 and 20 mg/kg) as the two main factors,control group without Cu supplementation,and 7 groups were formed. A total of 504 1-day-old healthy male Arbor Acres( AA) broilers were randomly divided into 7 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed that dietary Cu source and Cu supplemented level had no significant effects on final body weight,average daily feed intake,average daily gain and the ratio of feed to gain of broilers aged from 1 to 21 days( P>0.05). The content of Cu in liver and the activity of ceruloplasmin in plasma were significantly increased with dietary Cu supplemented level increased( P < 0. 01). Compared with copper sulfate( 100%),relative bioavailability of tribasic copper chloride and copper methionine were141.05% and 142. 07% based on the activity of ceruloplasmin in plasma as evaluating indicator,respectively;and relative bioavailability of tribasic copper chloride and copper methionine were 127.61% and 137.64% based on the content of Cu in liver as evaluating indicator,respectively. In conclusion,dietary Cu supplemented level less than 20 mg/kg( the content of Cu in basal diet is 9.65 mg/kg) has no significant growth-promoting effects on broilers aged from 1 to 21 days,and the relative bioavailability of 3 Cu sources in low-copper diets( Cu supplemented level less than 20 mg/kg) for broilers aged 21 days is copper methionine>tribasic copper chloride>copper sulfate.
This study was conducted to evaluate the relative bioavailability of different copper( Cu) source for broilers. According to 3×2 factorial completely randomized test design,three Cu sources( copper sulfate,tribasic copper chloride and copper methionine) and 2 Cu supplemented levels( 10 and 20 mg/kg) as the two main factors,control group without Cu supplementation,and 7 groups were formed. A total of 504 1-day-old healthy male Arbor Acres( AA) broilers were randomly divided into 7 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed that dietary Cu source and Cu supplemented level had no significant effects on final body weight,average daily feed intake,average daily gain and the ratio of feed to gain of broilers aged from 1 to 21 days( P>0.05). The content of Cu in liver and the activity of ceruloplasmin in plasma were significantly increased with dietary Cu supplemented level increased( P < 0. 01). Compared with copper sulfate( 100%),relative bioavailability of tribasic copper chloride and copper methionine were141.05% and 142. 07% based on the activity of ceruloplasmin in plasma as evaluating indicator,respectively;and relative bioavailability of tribasic copper chloride and copper methionine were 127.61% and 137.64% based on the content of Cu in liver as evaluating indicator,respectively. In conclusion,dietary Cu supplemented level less than 20 mg/kg( the content of Cu in basal diet is 9.65 mg/kg) has no significant growth-promoting effects on broilers aged from 1 to 21 days,and the relative bioavailability of 3 Cu sources in low-copper diets( Cu supplemented level less than 20 mg/kg) for broilers aged 21 days is copper methionine>tribasic copper chloride>copper sulfate.
引文
[1]OGNIK K,SEMBRATOWICZ I,CHOLEWIN'SKA E,et al.The effect of administration of copper nanoparticles to chickens in their drinking water on the immune and antioxidant status of the blood[J].Animal Science Journal,2018,89(3):579-588.
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[3]COLLINS J F.Copper:basic physiological and nutritional aspects[M]//COLLINS J F.Molecular,genetic,and nutritional aspects of major and trace minerals.Boston:Academic Press,2017:69-83.
[4]FETHEROLF M M,BOYD S D,WINKLER D D,et al.Oxygen-dependent activation of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase-1[J].Metallomics,2017,9(8):1047-1059.
[5]SOLANO F.On the metal cofactor in the tyrosinase family[J].International Journal of Molecular Sciences,2018,19(2):633.
[6]KRONECK P M H.Walking the seven lines:binuclear copper A in cytochrome coxidase and nitrous oxide reductase[J].JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry,2018,23(1):27-39.
[7]LU L,WANG R L,ZHANG Z J,et al.Effect of dietary supplementation with copper sulfate or tribasic copper chloride on the growth performance,liver copper concentrations of broilers fed in floor pens,and stabilities of vitamin E and phytase in feeds[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2010,138(1/2/3):181-189.
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[11]COBLE K F,DEROUCHEY J M,TOKACH M D,et al.The effects of copper source and concentration on growth performance,carcass characteristics,and pen cleanliness in finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2017,95(9):4052-4059.
[12]WU X,DAI S F,HUA J L,et al.Influence of dietary copper methionine concentrations on growth performance,digestibility of nutrients,serum lipid profiles,and immune defenses in broilers[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2018,doi:10.1007/s12011-018-1594-5.
[13]张永翠,程光民,伏桂华,等.饲粮中铜添加量对断奶至2月龄长毛兔生产性能和血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(12):4365-4371.
[14]刘志,孙皓然,吴学壮,等.不同铜源及铜水平对育成期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化率及血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(8):3091-3099.
[15]KIM J W,KIL D Y.Determination of relative bioavailability of copper in tribasic copper chloride to copper in copper sulfate for broiler chickens based on liver and feather copper concentrations[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,210:138-143.
[16]JENKINS N K,MORRIS T R,VALAMOTIS D.The effect of diet and copper supplementation on chick growth[J].British Poultry Science,1970,11(2):241-248.
[17]COBLE K F,BURNETT D D,DEROUCHEY J M,et al.Effect of diet type and added copper on growth performance,carcass characteristics,energy digestibility,gut morphology,and mucosal mRNA expression of finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(8):3288-3301.
[18]MONTES S,RIVERA-MANCIA S,DIAZ-RUIZ A,et al.Copper and copper proteins in Parkinson’s disease[J].Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity,2014,2014:147251.
[19]LEWANDOWSKI L,KEPINSKA M,MILNEROWICZH.Inhibition of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase activity by selected environmental xenobiotics[J].Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology,2018,58:105-113.
[20]INESI G.Molecular features of copper binding proteins involved in copper homeostasis[J].IUBMB Life,2017,69(4):211-217.
[21]SUTTLE N F.Mineral nutrition of livestock[M].Wallingford:CABI,2010.
[22]ZATULOVSKAIA Y A,ILYECHOVA E Y,PUCHKO-VA L V.The features of copper metabolism in the rat liver during development[J].PLoS One,2015,10(10):e0140797.
[23]WU X Z,ZHANG T T,GUO J G,et al.Copper bioavailability,blood parameters,and nutrient balance in mink[J].Journal of Animal Science,2015,93(1):176-184.
[24]GUO R,HENRY P R,HOLWERDA R A,et al.Chemical characteristics and relative bioavailability of supplemental organic copper sources for poultry[J].Journal of Animal Science,2001,79(5):1132-1141.
[25]HANSEN S L,SCHLEGEL P,LEGLEITER L R,et al.Bioavailability of copper from copper glycinate in steers fed high dietary sulfur and molybdenum[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(1):173-179.
[2]HA J H,DOGUER C,WANG X Y,et al.High-iron consumption impairs growth and causes copper-deficiency anemia in weanling sprague-dawley rats[J].PLoS One,2016,11(8):e0161033.
[3]COLLINS J F.Copper:basic physiological and nutritional aspects[M]//COLLINS J F.Molecular,genetic,and nutritional aspects of major and trace minerals.Boston:Academic Press,2017:69-83.
[4]FETHEROLF M M,BOYD S D,WINKLER D D,et al.Oxygen-dependent activation of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase-1[J].Metallomics,2017,9(8):1047-1059.
[5]SOLANO F.On the metal cofactor in the tyrosinase family[J].International Journal of Molecular Sciences,2018,19(2):633.
[6]KRONECK P M H.Walking the seven lines:binuclear copper A in cytochrome coxidase and nitrous oxide reductase[J].JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry,2018,23(1):27-39.
[7]LU L,WANG R L,ZHANG Z J,et al.Effect of dietary supplementation with copper sulfate or tribasic copper chloride on the growth performance,liver copper concentrations of broilers fed in floor pens,and stabilities of vitamin E and phytase in feeds[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2010,138(1/2/3):181-189.
[8]LITTELL R C,HENRY P R,LEWIS A J,et al.Estimation of relative bioavailability of nutrients using SASprocedures[J].Journal of Animal Science,1997,75(10):2672-2683.
[9]NRC.Nutrient requirements of poultry[M].9th ed.Washington,D.C.:National Academies Press,1994.
[10]JIAO L F,ZHANG Q H,WU H,et al.Influences of copper/zinc-loaded montmorillonite on growth performance,mineral retention,intestinal morphology,mucosa antioxidant capacity,and cytokine contents in weaned piglets[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2018,185(2):356-363.
[11]COBLE K F,DEROUCHEY J M,TOKACH M D,et al.The effects of copper source and concentration on growth performance,carcass characteristics,and pen cleanliness in finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2017,95(9):4052-4059.
[12]WU X,DAI S F,HUA J L,et al.Influence of dietary copper methionine concentrations on growth performance,digestibility of nutrients,serum lipid profiles,and immune defenses in broilers[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2018,doi:10.1007/s12011-018-1594-5.
[13]张永翠,程光民,伏桂华,等.饲粮中铜添加量对断奶至2月龄长毛兔生产性能和血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(12):4365-4371.
[14]刘志,孙皓然,吴学壮,等.不同铜源及铜水平对育成期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化率及血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(8):3091-3099.
[15]KIM J W,KIL D Y.Determination of relative bioavailability of copper in tribasic copper chloride to copper in copper sulfate for broiler chickens based on liver and feather copper concentrations[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,210:138-143.
[16]JENKINS N K,MORRIS T R,VALAMOTIS D.The effect of diet and copper supplementation on chick growth[J].British Poultry Science,1970,11(2):241-248.
[17]COBLE K F,BURNETT D D,DEROUCHEY J M,et al.Effect of diet type and added copper on growth performance,carcass characteristics,energy digestibility,gut morphology,and mucosal mRNA expression of finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(8):3288-3301.
[18]MONTES S,RIVERA-MANCIA S,DIAZ-RUIZ A,et al.Copper and copper proteins in Parkinson’s disease[J].Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity,2014,2014:147251.
[19]LEWANDOWSKI L,KEPINSKA M,MILNEROWICZH.Inhibition of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase activity by selected environmental xenobiotics[J].Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology,2018,58:105-113.
[20]INESI G.Molecular features of copper binding proteins involved in copper homeostasis[J].IUBMB Life,2017,69(4):211-217.
[21]SUTTLE N F.Mineral nutrition of livestock[M].Wallingford:CABI,2010.
[22]ZATULOVSKAIA Y A,ILYECHOVA E Y,PUCHKO-VA L V.The features of copper metabolism in the rat liver during development[J].PLoS One,2015,10(10):e0140797.
[23]WU X Z,ZHANG T T,GUO J G,et al.Copper bioavailability,blood parameters,and nutrient balance in mink[J].Journal of Animal Science,2015,93(1):176-184.
[24]GUO R,HENRY P R,HOLWERDA R A,et al.Chemical characteristics and relative bioavailability of supplemental organic copper sources for poultry[J].Journal of Animal Science,2001,79(5):1132-1141.
[25]HANSEN S L,SCHLEGEL P,LEGLEITER L R,et al.Bioavailability of copper from copper glycinate in steers fed high dietary sulfur and molybdenum[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(1):173-179.
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