智库公共外交:概念、功能、机制与模式
|
摘要
智库公共外交的核心是思想的双向对等交流和舆论传播,其功能包括:塑造和影响舆论,在国际舆论空间提升国家意识形态权力;加强理解,增进互信,提出思想建议,助推政府外交。智库公共外交实现影响力的机制在于通过弥散性的意识形态权力和其在公共政策舆论场的舆论聚散核心地位,实现思想向权力的转化。其传播模式可以分为双向对等传播模式和以我为主的融合传播模式。中国智库公共外交要取得良好成效,还有待于加强中国特色新型智库建设,以人才为核心提升智库思想的创新能力,通过智库公共外交理论深化和实践探索,不断提升传播效果。
The core of think tank's public diplomacy lies in the two-way communication and public opinion communication.Its functions are to influence public opinion,to increase the national ideology power in international public opinion arena,to enhance understanding and mutual trust,and to put forward policy advice to promote government diplomacy.The mechanism for think tank's public diplomacy to exert influence is the transformation of thoughts to power,by the diffusion of ideological power and its core position to influence public opinion in public policy opinion filed.The communication model of think tank's public diplomacy falls into two parts,which is two-way symmetric communication model and think tank-dominated convergence communication.For Chinese think tank's public diplomacy to achieve excellent effects,it requires the comprehensive development of a new type of think tank with Chinese characteristics,enhancing creativity in think tank's thoughts with the talent as the core,increasing communication effects of think tank's public diplomacy in practices by deepening the theory.
The core of think tank's public diplomacy lies in the two-way communication and public opinion communication.Its functions are to influence public opinion,to increase the national ideology power in international public opinion arena,to enhance understanding and mutual trust,and to put forward policy advice to promote government diplomacy.The mechanism for think tank's public diplomacy to exert influence is the transformation of thoughts to power,by the diffusion of ideological power and its core position to influence public opinion in public policy opinion filed.The communication model of think tank's public diplomacy falls into two parts,which is two-way symmetric communication model and think tank-dominated convergence communication.For Chinese think tank's public diplomacy to achieve excellent effects,it requires the comprehensive development of a new type of think tank with Chinese characteristics,enhancing creativity in think tank's thoughts with the talent as the core,increasing communication effects of think tank's public diplomacy in practices by deepening the theory.
引文
(1)托马斯·戴伊:《自上而下的政策制定》,42页,北京,中国人民大学出版社,2003。
(2)James Smith Idea Brokers:Think Tanks and the Rise of the New Policy Elite. New York:The Free Press, 1991; Donald Abelson. Do Think tanks Matter? Assessing the Impact of Public Policy Institute. Toronto:McGill-Queen's University Press,2002.
(3)Paul Dickson. Think Tanks. New York:Athenaeum, 1971.
(4)Howard Wiarda."Think Tanks and Foreign Policy in a Globalized World:New Ideas, New Tanks, New Directions". International Journal, 2015,70(4):517-525.
(5)(9)库必来·阿林:《新保守主义智库与美国外交政策》,3、9页,上海,上海社会科学院出版社,2017。
(6)Fraussen Bert,and Halpin Darren."Think Tanks and Strategic Policy-making:The Contribution of Think Tanks to Policy Advisory Systems". Policy Sciences, 2017, 50(1):105-124.
(7)Anna Longhini."Foreign Policy Think Tanks in the Italian Political Context:Evolutions and Perspectives". International Journal, 2015, 70(4):573-592.
(8)Donalde Abelson."Old World,New World:The Evolution and Influence of Foreign Affairs Think-tanks". International Affairs, 2014, 90(1):125-142.
(10)王莉丽:《美国公共外交中智库的功能与角色》,载《现代国际关系》,2012(1)。
(1)王莉丽:《中国智库建设与公共外交拓展》,载《公共外交季刊》,2013(3)。
(2)王莉丽:《旋转门——美国思想库研究》,50-51页,北京,国家行政学院出版社,2011。
(3)王义桅:《公共外交需要智库支撑》,载《公共外交季刊》,2013(3)。
(4)聂书江:《南海争端视角下我国智库公共外交的创新发展》,载《对外传播》,2016(11)。
(5)赵新利、于凡:《民间智库如何开展公共外交——以察哈尔学会的实践为例》,载《对外传播》,2016(5)。
(6)黄超:《中央媒体智库建设与公共外交:现状与愿景》,载《公共外交季刊》,2015(2)。
(7)刘峰:《我国高校智库公共外交功能的建设路径思考》,载《高校教育管理》,2017(5)。
(8)王莉丽:《旋转门——美国思想库研究》,4页,北京,国家行政学院出版社,2010。
(9)亚里士多德:《政治学》,北京,商务印书馆,1983。
(10)马克斯·韦伯:《学术与政治》,桂林,广西师范大学出版社,2004。
(11) Andrew Rich. Think Tanks, Public Policy and the Politics of Expertise. New York:Cambridge University Press, 2004.
(12) Kent Weaver."The Changing World of Think Tanks".Political Science and Politics, 1989,22(3):563.
(1)James Smith Idea Brokers:Think Tanks and the Rise of the New Policy Elite. New York:The Free Press, 1991.
(2)Donald Abelson. American Think Tanks and their Role in U. S. Foreign Policy. London:MacMillan Press LTD, 1996.
(3)任恒:《国内智库研究的知识图谱:现状、热点及趋势》,载《情报科学》,2018(9)。
(4)薛澜:《思想库的中国实践》,载《瞭望》,2009(4)。
(5)孙哲:《中国外交思想库:参与决策的角色分析》,载《复旦学报》(社会科学版),2004(4)。
(6)王莉丽:《智力资本:中国智库核心竞争力》,3页,北京,中国人民大学出版社,2015。
(7)唐小松、王义桅:《美国公共外交研究的兴起及其对美国对外政策的反思》,载《世界经济与政治》,2003(4)。
(8)Hans Tuch. Communicating with the World:U. S. Public Diplomacy Overseas. New York:St. Martin's Press, 1990.
(9)赵启正:《公共外交和跨文化交流·新媒体与社会》,载《新媒体与社会》,2014(5)。
(10)Kishan Rana. Bilateral Diplomacy. New Delhi:Manas Publications, 2002, p. 24.
(11)唐小松:《中国公共外交的发展及其体系构建》,载《现代国际关系》,2006(2)。
(12)王莉丽:《公共外交:多元理论与舆论战略研究》,4页,北京,中国社会科学出版社,2018。
(13)王莉丽:《“多元公共外交”理论框架的建构》,载《中国人民大学学报》,2018(2)。
(1)迈克尔·曼:《社会权力的来源》,1-10页,上海,上海人民出版社,2015。
(2)朱迪斯·戈尔斯坦等:《观念与外交政策》,49-50页,北京,北京大学出版社,2005。
(3)斯蒂芬·李特约翰:《人类传播理论》,248页,北京,清华大学出版社,2004。
(4)唐磊主编:《当代智库的知识生产》,23页,北京,中国社会科学出版社,2015。
(5)R C Blank From Thatcher to the Third Way. Think-tanks, Intellectuals and the Blair Project. Stuttgart:Ibidem, 2003;R Desai."Second Hand Dealers in Ideas:Think-tanks and Thatcherism Hegemony". New Left Review,1994,3(1):27-64.
(6)库必来·阿林:《新保守主义智库与美国外交政策》,41页,上海,上海社会科学院出版社,2017。
(7)Jeffrey Bader."U. S-China Relations:Is it Time to End the Engagement?". September 2018,Brookings Institution.https://www. brookings. edu/research/u-s-china-relations-is-it-time-to-end-the-engagement/.
(8)王莉丽:《旋转门——美国思想库研究》,69页,北京,国家行政学院出版社,2011。
(1)王莉丽:《论美国智库舆论影响力的形成机制》,载《国外社会科学》,2014(3)。
(2)V. A Schmidt."How,Where and When Does Discourse Matter in Small States'Welfare State Adjustment?". New Political Economy, 2003, 8(1):127.
(3)陈丽玫、吴国庆:《态度改变:说服策略研究的回顾与展望》,载《社会心理科学》,2008(6)。
(4)王莉丽:《“多元公共外交”理论框架的建构》,载《中国人民大学学报》,2018(2)。
(5)Herbert Menze,and Elihu Katz."Social Relations and Innovation in the Medical Profession:The Epidemiology of a New Drug". Public Opinion Quarterly, 1955, 19(4):337-352.
(6)Geoffrey Cowan, and Amelia Arsenault. Moving from Monologue to Dialogue to Collaboration:The Three Layers of Public Diplomacy. California:Sage Publications, 2008, pp. 10-30.
(1)黄懿慧、吕琛:《卓越公共关系理论研究三十年回顾与展望》,载《国际新闻界》,2017(5)。
(2)王莉丽:《从“智库公共外交”看智库多元功能》,载《中国社会科学报》,2014-04-11。
(2)James Smith Idea Brokers:Think Tanks and the Rise of the New Policy Elite. New York:The Free Press, 1991; Donald Abelson. Do Think tanks Matter? Assessing the Impact of Public Policy Institute. Toronto:McGill-Queen's University Press,2002.
(3)Paul Dickson. Think Tanks. New York:Athenaeum, 1971.
(4)Howard Wiarda."Think Tanks and Foreign Policy in a Globalized World:New Ideas, New Tanks, New Directions". International Journal, 2015,70(4):517-525.
(5)(9)库必来·阿林:《新保守主义智库与美国外交政策》,3、9页,上海,上海社会科学院出版社,2017。
(6)Fraussen Bert,and Halpin Darren."Think Tanks and Strategic Policy-making:The Contribution of Think Tanks to Policy Advisory Systems". Policy Sciences, 2017, 50(1):105-124.
(7)Anna Longhini."Foreign Policy Think Tanks in the Italian Political Context:Evolutions and Perspectives". International Journal, 2015, 70(4):573-592.
(8)Donalde Abelson."Old World,New World:The Evolution and Influence of Foreign Affairs Think-tanks". International Affairs, 2014, 90(1):125-142.
(10)王莉丽:《美国公共外交中智库的功能与角色》,载《现代国际关系》,2012(1)。
(1)王莉丽:《中国智库建设与公共外交拓展》,载《公共外交季刊》,2013(3)。
(2)王莉丽:《旋转门——美国思想库研究》,50-51页,北京,国家行政学院出版社,2011。
(3)王义桅:《公共外交需要智库支撑》,载《公共外交季刊》,2013(3)。
(4)聂书江:《南海争端视角下我国智库公共外交的创新发展》,载《对外传播》,2016(11)。
(5)赵新利、于凡:《民间智库如何开展公共外交——以察哈尔学会的实践为例》,载《对外传播》,2016(5)。
(6)黄超:《中央媒体智库建设与公共外交:现状与愿景》,载《公共外交季刊》,2015(2)。
(7)刘峰:《我国高校智库公共外交功能的建设路径思考》,载《高校教育管理》,2017(5)。
(8)王莉丽:《旋转门——美国思想库研究》,4页,北京,国家行政学院出版社,2010。
(9)亚里士多德:《政治学》,北京,商务印书馆,1983。
(10)马克斯·韦伯:《学术与政治》,桂林,广西师范大学出版社,2004。
(11) Andrew Rich. Think Tanks, Public Policy and the Politics of Expertise. New York:Cambridge University Press, 2004.
(12) Kent Weaver."The Changing World of Think Tanks".Political Science and Politics, 1989,22(3):563.
(1)James Smith Idea Brokers:Think Tanks and the Rise of the New Policy Elite. New York:The Free Press, 1991.
(2)Donald Abelson. American Think Tanks and their Role in U. S. Foreign Policy. London:MacMillan Press LTD, 1996.
(3)任恒:《国内智库研究的知识图谱:现状、热点及趋势》,载《情报科学》,2018(9)。
(4)薛澜:《思想库的中国实践》,载《瞭望》,2009(4)。
(5)孙哲:《中国外交思想库:参与决策的角色分析》,载《复旦学报》(社会科学版),2004(4)。
(6)王莉丽:《智力资本:中国智库核心竞争力》,3页,北京,中国人民大学出版社,2015。
(7)唐小松、王义桅:《美国公共外交研究的兴起及其对美国对外政策的反思》,载《世界经济与政治》,2003(4)。
(8)Hans Tuch. Communicating with the World:U. S. Public Diplomacy Overseas. New York:St. Martin's Press, 1990.
(9)赵启正:《公共外交和跨文化交流·新媒体与社会》,载《新媒体与社会》,2014(5)。
(10)Kishan Rana. Bilateral Diplomacy. New Delhi:Manas Publications, 2002, p. 24.
(11)唐小松:《中国公共外交的发展及其体系构建》,载《现代国际关系》,2006(2)。
(12)王莉丽:《公共外交:多元理论与舆论战略研究》,4页,北京,中国社会科学出版社,2018。
(13)王莉丽:《“多元公共外交”理论框架的建构》,载《中国人民大学学报》,2018(2)。
(1)迈克尔·曼:《社会权力的来源》,1-10页,上海,上海人民出版社,2015。
(2)朱迪斯·戈尔斯坦等:《观念与外交政策》,49-50页,北京,北京大学出版社,2005。
(3)斯蒂芬·李特约翰:《人类传播理论》,248页,北京,清华大学出版社,2004。
(4)唐磊主编:《当代智库的知识生产》,23页,北京,中国社会科学出版社,2015。
(5)R C Blank From Thatcher to the Third Way. Think-tanks, Intellectuals and the Blair Project. Stuttgart:Ibidem, 2003;R Desai."Second Hand Dealers in Ideas:Think-tanks and Thatcherism Hegemony". New Left Review,1994,3(1):27-64.
(6)库必来·阿林:《新保守主义智库与美国外交政策》,41页,上海,上海社会科学院出版社,2017。
(7)Jeffrey Bader."U. S-China Relations:Is it Time to End the Engagement?". September 2018,Brookings Institution.https://www. brookings. edu/research/u-s-china-relations-is-it-time-to-end-the-engagement/.
(8)王莉丽:《旋转门——美国思想库研究》,69页,北京,国家行政学院出版社,2011。
(1)王莉丽:《论美国智库舆论影响力的形成机制》,载《国外社会科学》,2014(3)。
(2)V. A Schmidt."How,Where and When Does Discourse Matter in Small States'Welfare State Adjustment?". New Political Economy, 2003, 8(1):127.
(3)陈丽玫、吴国庆:《态度改变:说服策略研究的回顾与展望》,载《社会心理科学》,2008(6)。
(4)王莉丽:《“多元公共外交”理论框架的建构》,载《中国人民大学学报》,2018(2)。
(5)Herbert Menze,and Elihu Katz."Social Relations and Innovation in the Medical Profession:The Epidemiology of a New Drug". Public Opinion Quarterly, 1955, 19(4):337-352.
(6)Geoffrey Cowan, and Amelia Arsenault. Moving from Monologue to Dialogue to Collaboration:The Three Layers of Public Diplomacy. California:Sage Publications, 2008, pp. 10-30.
(1)黄懿慧、吕琛:《卓越公共关系理论研究三十年回顾与展望》,载《国际新闻界》,2017(5)。
(2)王莉丽:《从“智库公共外交”看智库多元功能》,载《中国社会科学报》,2014-04-11。
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |