预热温度对激光熔凝RuT300温度场的影响规律
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摘要
利用ANSYS有限元模拟软件,建立了激光熔凝RuT300三维实体有限元模型,考虑了激光吸收率、材料热物性参数及相变潜热的影响,通过分析不同预热温度下激光熔凝的瞬态温度场,获得预热温度对温度分布、温度梯度、冷却速率等的影响规律。结果表明,随着预热温度的增大,试样相同位置处的最高温度增大,预热温度对试样下部的温度场影响更明显;随着预热温度的增大,试样相同位置处的温度梯度减小,当距离试样上表面的深度达到约2mm时,试样的温度梯度受预热温度的影响不明显;对试样进行预热处理可降低试样的冷却速率,冷却速率随着预热温度的增大而减小。
Based on the ANSYS finite element simulation software,a three-dimensional solid finite element model of laser melting RuT300 is established,in which the effects of laser absorption rate,thermophysical parameters of materials and latent heat of phases are all considered.The effect law of preheating temperature on temperature distribution,temperature gradient,cooling rate,and so on is obtained by the analysis of the transient temperature fields of laser fusion under different preheating temperatures.The results show that the maximum temperature at the same position increases with the increase of preheating temperature.The preheating temperature has a more obvious influence on the temperature field at the low part of the sample. With the increase of preheating temperature,the temperature gradient at the same position of the sample decreases.When the depth from the upper surface of the sample is about 2 mm,the temperature gradient of the sample is not obviously influenced by preheating temperature.In addition,the preheating treatment of samples can be used to reduce their cooling rates,and it is found that the cooling rate decreases as preheating temperature increases.
Based on the ANSYS finite element simulation software,a three-dimensional solid finite element model of laser melting RuT300 is established,in which the effects of laser absorption rate,thermophysical parameters of materials and latent heat of phases are all considered.The effect law of preheating temperature on temperature distribution,temperature gradient,cooling rate,and so on is obtained by the analysis of the transient temperature fields of laser fusion under different preheating temperatures.The results show that the maximum temperature at the same position increases with the increase of preheating temperature.The preheating temperature has a more obvious influence on the temperature field at the low part of the sample. With the increase of preheating temperature,the temperature gradient at the same position of the sample decreases.When the depth from the upper surface of the sample is about 2 mm,the temperature gradient of the sample is not obviously influenced by preheating temperature.In addition,the preheating treatment of samples can be used to reduce their cooling rates,and it is found that the cooling rate decreases as preheating temperature increases.
引文
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[2]Wu Y,Li J P,Zhang Y J,et al.Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of RuT300vermicular graphite cast iron[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2017,38(2):143-151.武岳,李建平,张延京,等.热处理工艺对RuT300蠕墨铸铁力学性能与导热性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(2):143-151.
[3]Zhang X X,Zhang G W,Xu H.Melting technology research of vemicluar graphite cast iron of RuT300[J].Foundry Technology,2012,33(10):1200-1202.张馨心,张国伟,徐宏.RuT300蠕墨铸铁熔炼工艺研究[J].铸造技术,2012,33(10):1200-1202.
[4]Shy Y H,Hsu C H,Lee S C,et al.Effects of titanium addition and section size on microstructure and mechanical properties of compacted graphite cast iron[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2000,278(1/2):54-60.
[5]Li B H,Du X.Application of CGI in the parts and components of diesel engine[J].Foreign Locomotive&Rolling Stock Technology,2001(2):1-6,8.李炳华,杜欣.蠕墨铸铁在柴油机部件上的应用[J].国外机车车辆工艺,2001(2):1-6,8.
[6]Yi P,Liu Y C,Shi Y J,et al.Numerical simulation of dynamic laser melting behavior and temperature field on cast iron surface[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2011,32(8):81-84,117.伊鹏,刘衍聪,石永军,等.铸铁表面激光熔凝行为及温度场数值模拟[J].焊接学报,2011,32(8):81-84,117.
[7]Wang W,Liu Q,Yang G,et al.A numerical simulation for fluid flow and temperature field in the molten pool of laser cladding on titanium alloy[J].Applied Laser,2014,34(5):389-394.王维,刘奇,杨光,等.钛合金激光熔凝熔池流场及温度场的数值模拟[J].应用激光,2014,34(5):389-394.
[8]Zhang C Y,Yang W,Ma C.Numerical simulation of temperature field in laser surface remelting rare earth magnesium alloy and its corrosion resistance[J].Hot Working Technology,2017,46(2):143-147,154.张春燕,杨武,马超.激光熔凝稀土镁合金温度场的数值模拟及其耐蚀性能[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(2):143-147,154.
[9]Han T,Wang Y.FEM simulation of laser melting of CK45steel[J].Hot Working Technology,2007,36(16):80-83.韩涛,王勇.CK45钢激光熔凝有限元模拟[J].热加工工艺,2007,36(16):80-83.
[10]Yan S X,Dong S Y,Xu B S,et al.Effect of preheating temperature on microstructure and property of laser clad Ni-based alloy coating on gray cast iron substrate[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2015,43(1):30-36.闫世兴,董世运,徐滨士,等.预热温度对灰铸铁表面激光熔覆镍基涂层组织与性能的影响[J].材料工程,2015,43(1):30-36.
[11]Ding L.Effect of preheating on numerical simulation of Co based alloys by laser cladding[J].Journal of Nanyang Institute of Technology,2013,5(3):95-100.丁林.预热温度对激光熔覆Co基合金数值模拟的影响[J].南阳理工学院学报,2013,5(3):95-100.
[12]Zhang Q B,Niu J,Zhao P F,et al.Influence of preheating temperature on cold cracking sensitivity of12Cr10Co3W2Mo heat resistant steel[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2015,36(4):87-91,117-118.张群兵,牛靖,赵鹏飞,等.预热温度对12Cr10Co3W2Mo耐热钢焊接冷裂纹敏感性的影响[J].焊接学报,2015,36(4):87-91,117-118.
[13]Li M Y,Cai C B,Han B,et al.Numerical simulation of preheating on temperature and stress fields by laser cladding Ni-based ceramic coating[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2015,36(12):197-203.李美艳,蔡春波,韩彬,等.预热对激光熔覆陶瓷涂层温度场和应力场影响[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(12):197-203.
[14]Chen Z,Jiao X D,Luo Y,et al.Finite element analysis on influence of welding heat input under different preheat-temperatures based on SYSWELDsoftware[J].Hot Working Technology,2014,43(15):164-166.陈智,焦向东,罗雨,等.基于SYSWELD的预热温度对焊接热输入影响的有限元模拟[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(15):164-166.
[15]Xi M Z,Yu G.Numerical simulation for the transient temperature field of 3Dmoving laser molten pool[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2004,31(12):1527-1532.席明哲,虞钢.连续移动三维瞬态激光熔池温度场数值模拟[J].中国激光,2004,31(12):1527-1532.
[16]Zhang Z,Han B,Wang Y,et al.Effects of the shape of workpiece on temperature and stress field distribution during laser transformation hardening[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2012,39(8):0803001.张哲,韩彬,王勇,等.工件形状对激光相变硬化温度场和应力场的影响[J].中国激光,2012,39(8):0803001.
[17]Derakhshan E D,Yazdian N,Craft B,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental validation of residual stress and welding distortion induced by laser-based welding processes of thin structural steel plates in butt joint configuration[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2018,104:170-182.
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