模拟油田CO_2驱采出环境下管柱腐蚀规律研究
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摘要
目的明确长庆油田CO_2驱采出环境下腐蚀影响因素对碳钢油管柱腐蚀性能的影响规律,结合腐蚀环境优化匹配合适的防腐措施。方法通过失重法,利用高温高压釜模拟油田环境,得到材料的腐蚀速率,并结合扫描电子显微镜或背散射电子能谱,对试验后腐蚀产物膜形貌和腐蚀膜层横截面微观形貌进行分析。结果在模拟油田CO_2驱采出环境井筒温度为80℃的条件下,当p(CO_2)在0～5 MPa范围逐渐增大时,N80/J55管材无明显点蚀现象,且平均腐蚀速率呈直线增大趋势,最大腐蚀速率达到5.87 mm/a;当试验体系逐渐进入超临界CO_2环境(即p(CO_2)≥7MPa)时,N80/J55管材的平均腐蚀速率先减小后逐渐增大;当p(CO_2)=10 MPa时,管材的最大腐蚀速率达到6.74 mm/a。XRD物相分析得出,腐蚀产物膜主要由碳酸亚铁组成。试验溶液中加入200 mg/L的改性TG512缓蚀剂,可有效缓解管材腐蚀。当试验溶液介质含油率≥70%时,N80/J55管材的平均腐蚀速率≤0.022mm/a,且平均腐蚀速率逐渐趋于平缓。结论在模拟油田CO_2驱采出液含油率<70%的环境下,N80/J55油管均为严重腐蚀,必须采取有效防腐措施才能使用。改性TG512高效缓蚀剂可有效减缓管材的腐蚀,缓蚀率达98.2%,满足油田需求。控制采出液中含水率低于30%,将会减缓井筒的腐蚀。
The work aims to clarify the influence rule of corrosion factors on the corrosion performance of carbon steel tubing string in CO_2 flooding production environment of Changqing Oilfield and optimize and match appropriate anti-corrosion measures according to the corrosion environment. The corrosion rate of the material was obtained by weightlessness method in the simulated oilfield by high temperature autoclave, and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) or backscattering electron spectroscopy(BSES) were used to analyze the morphology of the corrosion product film and the cross section of the corrosion film.When the wellbore temperature was 80 ℃ and p(CO_2) gradually increased in the range of 0～5 MPa, there was no obvious pitting corrosion in N80/J55 pipe, and the average corrosion rate increased linearly, with the maximum corrosion rate of 5.87 mm/a. The average corrosion rate of N80/J55 pipe decreased first and then increased gradually when the test system entered supercritical CO_2 environment, i.e. p(CO_2)>7 MPa. When p(CO_2)=10 MPa, the maximum corrosion rate reached 6.74 mm/a. XRD phase analysis showed that the corrosion product film was mainly composed of ferrous carbonate; Adding 200 mg/L modified TG512 corrosion inhibitor to the test solution effectively alleviated the corrosion of the pipe; When the oil content of the test solution medium was more than 70%, the average corrosion rate of N80/J55 pipe was less than 0.022 mm/a, and the average corrosion rate gradually tended to be gentle. N80/J55 tubing is severely corroded in the simulated oil field when the oil content of CO_2 flooding production fluid is less than 70%. Effective anti-corrosion measures must be taken before the tubing is used.Modified TG512 high-efficiency corrosion inhibitor can effectively slow down the corrosion of tubing materials and the corrosion inhibition rate is 98.2% in conformity with the needs of oil field. Controlling the water content of produced fluid below30% will slow down the corrosion of wellbore.
The work aims to clarify the influence rule of corrosion factors on the corrosion performance of carbon steel tubing string in CO_2 flooding production environment of Changqing Oilfield and optimize and match appropriate anti-corrosion measures according to the corrosion environment. The corrosion rate of the material was obtained by weightlessness method in the simulated oilfield by high temperature autoclave, and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) or backscattering electron spectroscopy(BSES) were used to analyze the morphology of the corrosion product film and the cross section of the corrosion film.When the wellbore temperature was 80 ℃ and p(CO_2) gradually increased in the range of 0～5 MPa, there was no obvious pitting corrosion in N80/J55 pipe, and the average corrosion rate increased linearly, with the maximum corrosion rate of 5.87 mm/a. The average corrosion rate of N80/J55 pipe decreased first and then increased gradually when the test system entered supercritical CO_2 environment, i.e. p(CO_2)>7 MPa. When p(CO_2)=10 MPa, the maximum corrosion rate reached 6.74 mm/a. XRD phase analysis showed that the corrosion product film was mainly composed of ferrous carbonate; Adding 200 mg/L modified TG512 corrosion inhibitor to the test solution effectively alleviated the corrosion of the pipe; When the oil content of the test solution medium was more than 70%, the average corrosion rate of N80/J55 pipe was less than 0.022 mm/a, and the average corrosion rate gradually tended to be gentle. N80/J55 tubing is severely corroded in the simulated oil field when the oil content of CO_2 flooding production fluid is less than 70%. Effective anti-corrosion measures must be taken before the tubing is used.Modified TG512 high-efficiency corrosion inhibitor can effectively slow down the corrosion of tubing materials and the corrosion inhibition rate is 98.2% in conformity with the needs of oil field. Controlling the water content of produced fluid below30% will slow down the corrosion of wellbore.
引文
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[13]尹志福,杨志刚,张永强,等.CO2驱油产出水对J55钢油管腐蚀行为的影响及水质分析[J].材料保护,2013,46(10):55-57.YIN Zhi-fu,YANG Zhi-gang,ZHANG Yong-qiang,et al.Effect of water produced with carbon dioxide flooding on corrosion behavior of low carbon steel oil pipe and analysis of quality of the water[J].Material protection,2013,46(10):55-57.
[14]王珂,张永强,尹志福,等.N80和3Cr油管钢在CO2驱油环境中的腐蚀行为[J].腐蚀与防护,2015,36(8):706-710.WANG Ke,ZHANG Yong-qiang,YIN Zhi-fu,et al.Corrosion behavior of N80 and 3Cr tubing steels in CO2flooding environment[J].Corrosion&protection,2015,36(8):706-710.
[15]申刚,胡彩云,康莉.冀东油田南堡联合站再生气管线腐蚀原因分析[J].化学工程与装备,2018(8):129-130.SHEN Gang,HU Cai-yun,KANG Li.Corrosion cause analysis of regeneration gas pipeline in Nanpu united station of Jidong oilfield[J].Chemical engineering&equipment,2018(8):129-130.
[16]SIM S,COLE I S,CHOI Y S,et al.A review of the protection strategies against internal corrosion for the safe transport of supercritical CO2 via steel pipelines for CCSpurposes[J].International journal of greenhouse gas control,2014,29:185-199.
[17]NACE RP0775,Standard recommended practice preparation,installation,analysis,and interpretation of corrosion coupons in oilfield operations[S].
[18]ZHANG G A,CHENG Y F.Localized corrosion of carbon steel in a CO2-saturated oilfield formation water[J].Electrochimica acta,2011,56:1676-1685
[19]YONG H,RICHARD B,ANNE N.Comparison of corrosion behaviour for X-65 carbon steel in supercritical CO2-saturated water and water-saturated/unsaturated supercritical CO2[J].The Journal of supercritical fluids,2015,97:224-237.
[20]YOON-SEOK C.Effect of water content on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in supercritical CO2 phase with impurities[C]//NACE international presents corrosion2015 conference.Texas:Coatings tech,2011.
[21]王世杰.原油含水率对油气管材超临界CO2腐蚀行为的影响[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2015,27(1):73-77.WANG Shi-jie.Effect of water content of crude oil on supercritical CO2 corrosion behavior of oil and gas pipes[J].Corrosion science and protection technology,2015,27(1):73-77.
[22]XIANG Y,LONG Z W,CHEN L,et al.Inhibition of N80steel corrosion in impure supercritical CO2 and CO2-saturated aqueous phases by using imino inhibitors[J].International journal of greenhouse gas control,2017,63:141-149.
[23]SY/T 5273-2014,Technical specifications and evaluating methods of corrosion-inhibitors for oilfield produced water[S].
[2]RONALD W,QIE S,HAILONG L.The future potential for carbon capture and storage in climate change mitigation-an overview from perspectives of technology,economy and risk[J].Journal of cleaner production,2015,103:724-736.
[3]ROSA M,CUE′LLAR-FRANCA,ADISA A.Carbon capture,storage and utilisation technologies:A critical analysis and comparison of their life cycle environmental impacts[J].Journal of CO2 utilization,2015(9):82-102.
[4]赵雪会,何治武,刘进文,等.CCUS腐蚀控制技术研究现状[J].石油管材与仪器,2017,3(3):1-6.ZHAO Xue-hui,HE Zhi-wu,LIU Jin-wen,et al.Research status of CCUS corrosion control technology[J].Petroleum tubular goods and instruments,2017,3(3):1-6.
[5]宋扬.大庆油田扶杨油层CO2驱油开发效果评价[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2016.SONG Yang.Evaluation of CO2 flooding development effect in Fuyang reservoir of Daqing oilfield[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum(Beijing),2016.
[6]张德平.CO2驱采油技术研究与应用现状先导试验[J].科技导报,2011,29(13):75-79.ZHANG De-ping.Pilot test of research and application status of CO2 flooding production technology[J].Science and technology review,2011,29(13):75-79.
[7]杜朝锋,武平仓,邵创国,等.长庆油田特低渗透油藏二氧化碳驱提高采收率室内评价[J].油气地质与采收率,2010,17(4):63-64.DU Zhao-feng,WU Ping-cang,SHAO Chuang-guo,et al.Laboratory study on EOR by CO2 in extra-low permeability reservoirs Changqing oilfield[J].Petroleum geology and recovery efficiency,2010,17(4):63-64.
[8]CUI Z D,WU S L,LI C F,et al.Corrosion behavior of oil tube steels under conditions of multiphase flow saturated with super-critical carbon dioxide[J].Materials letters,2004,58:1035-1040.
[9]XIANG Y,WANG Z,XU C,et al.Impact of SO2 concentration on the corrosion rate of X70 steel and iron in water-saturated supercritical CO2 mixed with SO2[J].Journal of supercritical fluids,2011,58:286-294.
[10]ZHANG Y C,GAO K W,GUENTER S.Water effect on steel under supercritical CO2 Condition[J].Corrosion,2011,64:11378.
[11]李光辉,房殿军,潘兆光,等.吉林油田注采系统腐蚀、结垢防治技术[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(1):100-103.LI Guang-hui,FANG Dian-jun,PAN Zhao-guang,et al.Corrosion and scaling prevention in injection-production system in Jilin oilfield[J].Special oil and gas reservoirs,2007,14(1):100-103.
[12]刘淑霞.特低渗透油藏CO2驱室内实验研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(2):133-136.LIU Shu-xia.Research on laboratory experiments of CO2drive in ultra-low permeability reservoir[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(science&technology edition),2011,33(2):133-136.
[13]尹志福,杨志刚,张永强,等.CO2驱油产出水对J55钢油管腐蚀行为的影响及水质分析[J].材料保护,2013,46(10):55-57.YIN Zhi-fu,YANG Zhi-gang,ZHANG Yong-qiang,et al.Effect of water produced with carbon dioxide flooding on corrosion behavior of low carbon steel oil pipe and analysis of quality of the water[J].Material protection,2013,46(10):55-57.
[14]王珂,张永强,尹志福,等.N80和3Cr油管钢在CO2驱油环境中的腐蚀行为[J].腐蚀与防护,2015,36(8):706-710.WANG Ke,ZHANG Yong-qiang,YIN Zhi-fu,et al.Corrosion behavior of N80 and 3Cr tubing steels in CO2flooding environment[J].Corrosion&protection,2015,36(8):706-710.
[15]申刚,胡彩云,康莉.冀东油田南堡联合站再生气管线腐蚀原因分析[J].化学工程与装备,2018(8):129-130.SHEN Gang,HU Cai-yun,KANG Li.Corrosion cause analysis of regeneration gas pipeline in Nanpu united station of Jidong oilfield[J].Chemical engineering&equipment,2018(8):129-130.
[16]SIM S,COLE I S,CHOI Y S,et al.A review of the protection strategies against internal corrosion for the safe transport of supercritical CO2 via steel pipelines for CCSpurposes[J].International journal of greenhouse gas control,2014,29:185-199.
[17]NACE RP0775,Standard recommended practice preparation,installation,analysis,and interpretation of corrosion coupons in oilfield operations[S].
[18]ZHANG G A,CHENG Y F.Localized corrosion of carbon steel in a CO2-saturated oilfield formation water[J].Electrochimica acta,2011,56:1676-1685
[19]YONG H,RICHARD B,ANNE N.Comparison of corrosion behaviour for X-65 carbon steel in supercritical CO2-saturated water and water-saturated/unsaturated supercritical CO2[J].The Journal of supercritical fluids,2015,97:224-237.
[20]YOON-SEOK C.Effect of water content on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in supercritical CO2 phase with impurities[C]//NACE international presents corrosion2015 conference.Texas:Coatings tech,2011.
[21]王世杰.原油含水率对油气管材超临界CO2腐蚀行为的影响[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2015,27(1):73-77.WANG Shi-jie.Effect of water content of crude oil on supercritical CO2 corrosion behavior of oil and gas pipes[J].Corrosion science and protection technology,2015,27(1):73-77.
[22]XIANG Y,LONG Z W,CHEN L,et al.Inhibition of N80steel corrosion in impure supercritical CO2 and CO2-saturated aqueous phases by using imino inhibitors[J].International journal of greenhouse gas control,2017,63:141-149.
[23]SY/T 5273-2014,Technical specifications and evaluating methods of corrosion-inhibitors for oilfield produced water[S].
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