大跨度地铁车站初支拱盖法支护参数研究
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摘要
以重庆某地铁项目采用初支拱盖法进行暗挖车站施工为背景,通过对初支拱盖法的荷载确定方法、支护结构承载能力计算方法,以及拱盖法的安全评价方法等进行分析研究,结果表明:当地铁车站处于深埋状态时,岩土压力偏低且可控,可采用30～35 cm厚的单层初支拱盖;当地铁车站处于浅埋状态时,岩土压力偏大,宜采用40～50 cm厚的单层初支拱盖;拱盖法应关注拱盖基础的稳定,不仅要采用锚杆甚至锚索等可靠的加固措施,而且局部应采用人工或机械切割等方法开挖,以减少对基础岩体的损伤与破坏。
This paper takes Chongqing underground project using the primary arch cover method at the beginning of the tunneling construction as the background, makes analysis and research on method of determining the load under the primary arch cover method, bearing capacity calculation method for the supporting structure, and the safety evaluation method for arch cover method. It makes conclusions that when the underground station is in a deep tunnel,rock and soil pressure is low and controllable, 30 to 35 cm thick layer of arch cover at the beginning support to be used. When the underground station is in not deep tunnel, the geotechnical rock pressure is relatively high, and the single-layer primary arch cover with a thickness of 40～50 cm to be used. The arch cover method should pay attention to the stability of the arch cover foundation, not only the reliable reinforcement measures such as bolt and even cable should be used, but also the partial excavation methods such as manual or mechanical cutting should be used to reduce the faults and damages to the foundation rock mass.
This paper takes Chongqing underground project using the primary arch cover method at the beginning of the tunneling construction as the background, makes analysis and research on method of determining the load under the primary arch cover method, bearing capacity calculation method for the supporting structure, and the safety evaluation method for arch cover method. It makes conclusions that when the underground station is in a deep tunnel,rock and soil pressure is low and controllable, 30 to 35 cm thick layer of arch cover at the beginning support to be used. When the underground station is in not deep tunnel, the geotechnical rock pressure is relatively high, and the single-layer primary arch cover with a thickness of 40～50 cm to be used. The arch cover method should pay attention to the stability of the arch cover foundation, not only the reliable reinforcement measures such as bolt and even cable should be used, but also the partial excavation methods such as manual or mechanical cutting should be used to reduce the faults and damages to the foundation rock mass.
引文
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[14]邓昆,童建军,鲁彬,等.超大断面暗挖地铁车站双层叠合初支拱盖法施工数值模拟[J].西南公路,2016(11).
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[19]魏棒.软弱围岩下超大跨隧道支护结构承载特性研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2018.
[2]张光权,杜子建.地铁车站拱盖法施工沉降监测分析及控制对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增1).
[3]杜子建.大跨隧道拱盖法施工地层沉降分析[J].铁道标准设计,2014,58(3).
[4]迟建平.浅埋暗挖法在青岛地铁车站施工中的应用[J].施工技术,2014(2).
[5]钟国.地铁车站的一种新型暗挖施工工法——拱盖法[J].城市轨道交通研究,2012,15(8).
[6]游水涛.重叠换乘大拱脚暗挖地铁车站施工方案优化研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016.
[7]吕波.暗挖地铁车站拱盖法关键施工技术[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(3).
[8]GB/T50218-2014工程岩体分级标准[S].2014.
[9]JTG/TD70-2010公路隧道设计细则[S].2010.
[10]郭小红,乔春江.对隧道支护结构承载能力的分析[J].现代隧道技术,2002,39(2).
[11]汤庆乐.初支拱盖暗挖地铁车站施工变形规律及控制研究[D].河北石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2018.
[12]张婕.初支拱盖法地铁车站开挖施工研究[J].低碳世界,2018(6).
[13]张世杰.岩层地铁车站初支拱盖法开挖力学效应与适用性研究[D].山东济南:山东大学,2017.
[14]邓昆,童建军,鲁彬,等.超大断面暗挖地铁车站双层叠合初支拱盖法施工数值模拟[J].西南公路,2016(11).
[15]杨思博.基于信息化施工的软岩隧道变形特性与支护方式研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2018.
[16]严德添.暗挖隧道近距离下穿既有地铁车站的影响与控制技术研究[D].四川成都:西南交通大学,2018.
[17]周武.地铁施工中拱盖法大断面开挖支护技术研究[J].中国住宅设施,2018(4).
[18]王招冰.PBA工法地铁车站地表沉降及对临近管线影响研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2018.
[19]魏棒.软弱围岩下超大跨隧道支护结构承载特性研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2018.