混合输配电系统的分布式随机优化规划
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摘要
高比例可再生能源渗透是未来电力系统一大重要特征,其使得输配电系统间的电力电量流灵活双向、物理耦合性增强。提出一种输配电系统的分布式随机协调优化规划方法。考虑可再生能源出力和负荷波动不确定性,利用分解优化建模理论,在满足输配电系统间交互信息一致性的前提下,将输配电系统联合优化规划问题分解为一个输电系统规划子问题和一系列配电系统规划子问题。对于配电系统规划子问题,基于配电系统潮流方程和约束松弛技术,构建配电系统规划的二阶锥规划模型。采用双层循环迭代的分布式优化算法对所建模型加以求解。分别从输、配电系统层面,通过算例对比是否考虑输配电联合下的系统规划方案验证了所提方法的有效性。
The high penetration of renewable energy sources is a main feature of future power systems, which causes the flexible bi-directional power and energy flows, and improves the coupled properties of physical connection between transmission and distribution systems. This paper presented a distributed stochastic optimal planning method for hybrid transmission and distribution systems. With the consideration of uncertainties related to renewable energy sources and load injection, the coordinated transmission and distribution optimal planning problem was decomposed into a transmission planning subproblem and a series of distribution planning subproblems using distributed optimization modelling methodology under the premise of the consistency of shared information between transmission and distribution systems. For distribution planning subproblem, the second-order cone programming model for distribution systems was formulated based on distflow equations and constraint relaxation. The proposed model was handled using the distributed optimization algorithm with bi-level loop iteration. Respectively from the perspectives of transmission and distribution level,simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method comparing the solutions of coordinated planning and independent planning.
The high penetration of renewable energy sources is a main feature of future power systems, which causes the flexible bi-directional power and energy flows, and improves the coupled properties of physical connection between transmission and distribution systems. This paper presented a distributed stochastic optimal planning method for hybrid transmission and distribution systems. With the consideration of uncertainties related to renewable energy sources and load injection, the coordinated transmission and distribution optimal planning problem was decomposed into a transmission planning subproblem and a series of distribution planning subproblems using distributed optimization modelling methodology under the premise of the consistency of shared information between transmission and distribution systems. For distribution planning subproblem, the second-order cone programming model for distribution systems was formulated based on distflow equations and constraint relaxation. The proposed model was handled using the distributed optimization algorithm with bi-level loop iteration. Respectively from the perspectives of transmission and distribution level,simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method comparing the solutions of coordinated planning and independent planning.
引文
[1]Kargarian A,Fu Yong.System of systems based security-constrained unit commitment incorporating active distribution grids[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2489-2498.
[2]Li Zhengshuo,Guo Qinglai,Sun Hongbin,et al.Coordinated economic dispatch of coupled transmission and distribution systems using heterogeneous decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(6):4817-4830.
[3]马瑞,金艳,刘鸣春.基于机会约束规划的主动配电网分布式风光双层优化配置[J].电工技术学报2016,31(3):145-154.Ma Rui,Jin Yan,Liu Mingchun.Bi-level optimal configuration of distributed wind and photovoltaic generations in active distribution network based on chance constrained programming[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(3):145-154.
[4]刘佳,徐谦,程浩忠,等.计及主动配电网转供能力的可再生电源双层优化规划[J].电工技术学报2017,32(9):179-188.Liu Jia,Xu Qian,Cheng Haozhong,et al.Bi-level optimal renewable energy sources planning considering active distribution network power transfer capability[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(9):179-188.
[5]孙建军,张世泽,曾梦迪,等.考虑分时电价的主动配电网柔性负荷多目标优化控制[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(2):401-412.Sun Jianjun,Zhang Shize,Zeng Mengdi,et al.Multi-objective optimal control for flexible load in active distribution network considering time-of-use tariff[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(2):401-412.
[6]Lin Chenhui,Wu Wenchuan,Zhang Boming,et al.Decentralized reactive power optimization method for transmission and distribution networks accommodating large-scale DG integration[J].IEEETransactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,8(1):363-373.
[7]Li Zhengshuo,Guo Qinglai,Sun Hongbin,et al.Coordinated transmission and distribution ACoptimal power flow[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(2):1228-1240.
[8]严艺芬,吴文宣,张逸.主动配电网规划关键问题研究[J].电气技术,2016,17(11):1-5.Yan Yifen,Wu Wenxuan,Zhang Yi.Important issues in planning of active distribution system[J].Electrical Engineering,2016,17(11):1-5.
[9]宋柄兵,顾洁.计及短路电流限制的输电网双层扩展规划模型[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(7):92-101.Song Bingbing,Gu Jie.A bi-level expansion planning model of transmission systems considering short-circuit current constraints[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(7):92-101.
[10]马迎东,王文栋,温强.基于混沌搜索策略蝙蝠算法的输电网规划[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(15):17-21.Ma Yingdong,Wang Wendong,Wen Qiang.Transmission network planning based on bat algorithm with chaotic search strategy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(15):17-21.
[11]曾博,刘念,张玉莹,等.促进间歇性分布式电源高效利用的主动配电网双层场景规划方法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(9):155-163.Zeng Bo,Liu Nian,Zhang Yuying,et al.Bi-level scenario programming of active distribution network for promoting intermittent distributed generation utilization[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(9):155-163.
[12]颜炯,万涛,李浩松,等.计及不确定性因素的配电网网架规划方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,201745(18):76-81.Yan Jiong,Wan Tao,Li Haosong,et al.Distribution network planning considering the uncertainties[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(18):76-81.
[13]Wang Bingdong,Liu Zhe,Qi Wenjin,et al.Hierarchical risk assessment of transmission system considering the influence of active distribution network[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(2):1084-1093.
[14]Kargarian A,Fu Yong,Wu Hongyu.Chanceconstrained system of systems based operation of power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(5):3404-3413.
[15]Molzahn D K,D?rfler F,Sandberg H,et al.A survey of distributed optimization and control algorithms for electric power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,8(6):2941-2962.
[16]齐琛,汪可友,李国杰,等.交直流混合主动配电网的分层分布式优化调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(7):1909-1917.Qi Chen,Wang Keyou,Li Guojie,et al.Hierarchical and distributed optimal scheduling of AC/DC hybrid active distribution network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(7):1909-1917.
[17]Khanabadi M,Fu Yong,Gong Lin.A fully parallel stochastic multiarea power system operation considering large-scale wind power integration[J].IEEETransactions on Sustainable Energy,2018,9(1):138-147.
[18]Tosserams S,Etman L F P,Papalambros P Y,et al.An augmented Lagrangian relaxation for analytical target cascading using the alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2006,31(3):176-189.
[19]Binato S,Pereira M V F,Granville S.A new Benders decomposition approach to solve power transmission network design problems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2001,16(2):235-240.
[20]Taylor J A,Hover F S.Convex models of distribution system reconfiguration[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(3):1407-1413.
[21]Cheng Haozhong,Zeng Pingliang,Xing Haijun,et al.Active distribution network expansion planning integrating dispersed energy storage systems[J].IETGeneration,Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(3):638-644.
[22]Farivar M,Low S H.Branch flow model:Relaxations and convexification-part I[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(3):2554-2564.
[23]Nick M,Cherkaoui R,Paolone M.Optimal allocation of dispersed energy storage systems in active distribution networks for energy balance and grid support[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2300-2310.
[24]Michelena N,Park H,Papalambros P Y.Convergence properties of analytical target cascading[J].AIAAJournal,2003,41(5):897-905.
[25]Subcommittee P M.IEEE reliability test system[J]IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems1979,PAS-98(6):2047-2054.
[2]Li Zhengshuo,Guo Qinglai,Sun Hongbin,et al.Coordinated economic dispatch of coupled transmission and distribution systems using heterogeneous decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(6):4817-4830.
[3]马瑞,金艳,刘鸣春.基于机会约束规划的主动配电网分布式风光双层优化配置[J].电工技术学报2016,31(3):145-154.Ma Rui,Jin Yan,Liu Mingchun.Bi-level optimal configuration of distributed wind and photovoltaic generations in active distribution network based on chance constrained programming[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(3):145-154.
[4]刘佳,徐谦,程浩忠,等.计及主动配电网转供能力的可再生电源双层优化规划[J].电工技术学报2017,32(9):179-188.Liu Jia,Xu Qian,Cheng Haozhong,et al.Bi-level optimal renewable energy sources planning considering active distribution network power transfer capability[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(9):179-188.
[5]孙建军,张世泽,曾梦迪,等.考虑分时电价的主动配电网柔性负荷多目标优化控制[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(2):401-412.Sun Jianjun,Zhang Shize,Zeng Mengdi,et al.Multi-objective optimal control for flexible load in active distribution network considering time-of-use tariff[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(2):401-412.
[6]Lin Chenhui,Wu Wenchuan,Zhang Boming,et al.Decentralized reactive power optimization method for transmission and distribution networks accommodating large-scale DG integration[J].IEEETransactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,8(1):363-373.
[7]Li Zhengshuo,Guo Qinglai,Sun Hongbin,et al.Coordinated transmission and distribution ACoptimal power flow[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(2):1228-1240.
[8]严艺芬,吴文宣,张逸.主动配电网规划关键问题研究[J].电气技术,2016,17(11):1-5.Yan Yifen,Wu Wenxuan,Zhang Yi.Important issues in planning of active distribution system[J].Electrical Engineering,2016,17(11):1-5.
[9]宋柄兵,顾洁.计及短路电流限制的输电网双层扩展规划模型[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(7):92-101.Song Bingbing,Gu Jie.A bi-level expansion planning model of transmission systems considering short-circuit current constraints[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(7):92-101.
[10]马迎东,王文栋,温强.基于混沌搜索策略蝙蝠算法的输电网规划[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(15):17-21.Ma Yingdong,Wang Wendong,Wen Qiang.Transmission network planning based on bat algorithm with chaotic search strategy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(15):17-21.
[11]曾博,刘念,张玉莹,等.促进间歇性分布式电源高效利用的主动配电网双层场景规划方法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(9):155-163.Zeng Bo,Liu Nian,Zhang Yuying,et al.Bi-level scenario programming of active distribution network for promoting intermittent distributed generation utilization[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(9):155-163.
[12]颜炯,万涛,李浩松,等.计及不确定性因素的配电网网架规划方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,201745(18):76-81.Yan Jiong,Wan Tao,Li Haosong,et al.Distribution network planning considering the uncertainties[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(18):76-81.
[13]Wang Bingdong,Liu Zhe,Qi Wenjin,et al.Hierarchical risk assessment of transmission system considering the influence of active distribution network[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(2):1084-1093.
[14]Kargarian A,Fu Yong,Wu Hongyu.Chanceconstrained system of systems based operation of power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(5):3404-3413.
[15]Molzahn D K,D?rfler F,Sandberg H,et al.A survey of distributed optimization and control algorithms for electric power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,8(6):2941-2962.
[16]齐琛,汪可友,李国杰,等.交直流混合主动配电网的分层分布式优化调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(7):1909-1917.Qi Chen,Wang Keyou,Li Guojie,et al.Hierarchical and distributed optimal scheduling of AC/DC hybrid active distribution network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(7):1909-1917.
[17]Khanabadi M,Fu Yong,Gong Lin.A fully parallel stochastic multiarea power system operation considering large-scale wind power integration[J].IEEETransactions on Sustainable Energy,2018,9(1):138-147.
[18]Tosserams S,Etman L F P,Papalambros P Y,et al.An augmented Lagrangian relaxation for analytical target cascading using the alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2006,31(3):176-189.
[19]Binato S,Pereira M V F,Granville S.A new Benders decomposition approach to solve power transmission network design problems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2001,16(2):235-240.
[20]Taylor J A,Hover F S.Convex models of distribution system reconfiguration[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(3):1407-1413.
[21]Cheng Haozhong,Zeng Pingliang,Xing Haijun,et al.Active distribution network expansion planning integrating dispersed energy storage systems[J].IETGeneration,Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(3):638-644.
[22]Farivar M,Low S H.Branch flow model:Relaxations and convexification-part I[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(3):2554-2564.
[23]Nick M,Cherkaoui R,Paolone M.Optimal allocation of dispersed energy storage systems in active distribution networks for energy balance and grid support[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2300-2310.
[24]Michelena N,Park H,Papalambros P Y.Convergence properties of analytical target cascading[J].AIAAJournal,2003,41(5):897-905.
[25]Subcommittee P M.IEEE reliability test system[J]IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems1979,PAS-98(6):2047-2054.
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