苜蓿种质资源萌发期抗旱指标筛选及抗旱性综合评价
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摘要
为筛选苜蓿萌发期抗旱性鉴定指标以及抗旱苜蓿种质材料,为苜蓿抗旱新品种选育提供理论和基础材料。以59份抗旱性不同的国内外苜蓿种质为材料,设置加蒸馏水和加-0.6 Mpa PEG-6000水溶液2个处理,研究了与抗旱性相关的根长、芽长、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数和根芽比等7个指标的变化,采用相关性分析、隶属函数、综合抗旱系数、灰色关联、逐步回归和聚类分析相结合的方法,对59份苜蓿种质萌发期抗旱性进行综合评价及抗旱指标筛选。结果表明:干旱胁迫对苜蓿萌发期各指标均有显著影响。筛选出萌发期抗旱性较强的苜蓿种质材料有草原3号、赛迪7、WL903,可作为抗旱育种和抗旱机理研究材料。根长、发芽率和活力指数对干旱胁迫的反应较其他指标敏感,可作为苜蓿品种抗旱性鉴定及抗旱品种选育时优先考虑的指标。试验结果也说明采用以抗旱性度量值(D值)为主要参数,以加权抗旱系数(WDC值)作为辅助参数的综合评价方法进行苜蓿抗旱性综合评价、评价指标筛选是合理准确的。
In order to screen the drought resistance identification index and the drought-resistant alfalfa germplasm materials,and provide the theory and basic materials for the breeding of new drought-resistant varieties. In this study,we investigated the changes of root length,bud length,germination potential,germination rate,germination index,vitality index and root bud ratio of 59 alfalfa germplasms with different drought resistance that are from different region under drought stress condition,which was stimulated by using two treatments including distilled water and-0.6 MPa PEG-6000 water solution. Correlation analysis,subordinate function coef?cients,comprehensive drought resistance coef?cient,grey relational analysis,stepwise regression and clustering analysis were used to evaluate the drought resistance and select evaluation indices in tested alfalfa cultivars during the germination period. The results showed that drought stress had significant effects on all indexes at the germination stage. By employment of this approach,we obtained three alfalfa genotypes,including Caoyuan NO.3,Sidey7 and WL903,which showed strong drought-resistant at the germination stage.These germplasms were selected as the research material for drought resistance breeding and drought resistance mechanism. Notably,root length,germination rate and vitality index were more sensitive than other indicators and could be used as a priority indicator for drought resistance identi?cation and breeding of drought-resistant varieties. The results also showed that it is reasonable and accurate to use the comprehensive evaluation method with D value as the main index and WDC value as the auxiliary index in alfalfa to carry out comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance and screening of evaluation indicators.
In order to screen the drought resistance identification index and the drought-resistant alfalfa germplasm materials,and provide the theory and basic materials for the breeding of new drought-resistant varieties. In this study,we investigated the changes of root length,bud length,germination potential,germination rate,germination index,vitality index and root bud ratio of 59 alfalfa germplasms with different drought resistance that are from different region under drought stress condition,which was stimulated by using two treatments including distilled water and-0.6 MPa PEG-6000 water solution. Correlation analysis,subordinate function coef?cients,comprehensive drought resistance coef?cient,grey relational analysis,stepwise regression and clustering analysis were used to evaluate the drought resistance and select evaluation indices in tested alfalfa cultivars during the germination period. The results showed that drought stress had significant effects on all indexes at the germination stage. By employment of this approach,we obtained three alfalfa genotypes,including Caoyuan NO.3,Sidey7 and WL903,which showed strong drought-resistant at the germination stage.These germplasms were selected as the research material for drought resistance breeding and drought resistance mechanism. Notably,root length,germination rate and vitality index were more sensitive than other indicators and could be used as a priority indicator for drought resistance identi?cation and breeding of drought-resistant varieties. The results also showed that it is reasonable and accurate to use the comprehensive evaluation method with D value as the main index and WDC value as the auxiliary index in alfalfa to carry out comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance and screening of evaluation indicators.
引文
[1]徐向南·133份苜蓿幼苗耐旱性评价及生理基础研究·呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2010Xu X N. Drought tolerance evaluation and physiological basic research of 133 seedlings of alfalfa. Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2010
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[4]张鹤山,陈明新,王凤,田宏,蔡化,刘洋.18个紫花苜蓿品种苗期抗旱性综合评价.江苏农业科学,2012,40(3):168-171Zhang H S, Chen M X, Wang F, Tian H, Cai H, Liu Y.Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of 18 alfalfa varieties at seedling stage. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2012,40(3):168-171
[5]汪灿,周棱波,张国兵,张立异,徐燕,高旭,姜讷,邵明波.薏苡种质资源萌发期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选·植物遗传资源学报,2017, 18(5):846-859Wang C, Zhou L B, Zhang G B, Zhang L Y, Xu Y, Gao X,Jiang N, Shao M B. Identification and indices screening of drought resistance in'adlay germplasm resources at germination stage. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2017, 18(5):846-859
[6]梁赫,王雪,赵鑫,曹铁华·吉林省西部半干旱区主栽玉米品种抗旱性比较·分子植物育种,2018, 16(13):4466-4472Liang X H, Wang X, Zhao X, Cao T H-Drought resistance comparison of main maize varieties in west semiarid areas of Jilin province. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2018,16(13):4466-4472
[7]李禄军,蒋志荣,李正平,邵玲玲.3树种抗旱性的综合评价及其抗旱指标的选取·水土保持研究,2006(6):253-254, 259Li L J, Jiang Z R, Li Z P, Shao L L. Comprehensive evaluation on drought-resistance of three tree species and the choice of drought-resistance indexes. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006(6):253-254, 259
[8]贺佳,卢健.SAS 8.2统计软件应用教程.北京:人民卫生出版社,2011:201-203He J, Lu J. SAS 8.2 statistical software application tutorial.Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House, 2011:201-203
[9]庞丹波,李生宝,潘占兵,蔡进军,董立国,张源润,王川·基于主成分分析和隶属函数的紫花苜蓿引种初步评价·西南农业学报,2015, 28(6):2815-2819Pang D B,Li S B,Pan Z B,Cai J J,Dong L G,Zhang Y R,Wang C-Preliminary evaluation of alfalfa introduction based on principal component analysis and subordinate function.Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015,28(6):2815-2819
[10]刘光辉,陈全家,吴鹏昊,曲延英,高文伟,杨军善,杜荣光·棉花花铃期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选·植物遗传资源学报,2016, 17(1):53-62, 69Liu G H, Chen Q J, Wu P H, Qu Y Y, Gao W W, Yang J S,Du R G. Screening and comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance indices of cotton at blossing and boll-forming stages.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2016, 17(1):53-62,69
[11] Shao X W, Han M, Han Z M, Kong W W, Yang L M. Effects of water supply on growth and photosynthesis in Scutellaria baicalensis. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(10):3214-3220
[12]孙宗玖,李培英,阿不来提,吉鹏飞·种子萌发期38份偃麦草种质耐盐性评价·草业科学,2012,29(7):1105-1113Sun Z J, Li P Y, Abulaiti, Ji P F. Evaluation on the salt tolerance of 38 germplasm resources of Elytrigria repens at seed germination stage. Pratacultural Science, 2012,29(7):1105-1113
[13]田小霞,毛培春,张琳,郭强,孟林·苜蓿属植物苗期耐盐指标筛选及耐盐性综合评价·植物资源与环境学报,2018,27(2):46-56Tian X X, Mao P C, Zhang L, Guo Q, Meng L. Screening on salt tolerance index and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of Medicago Linn. Plants at Seedling Stage, 2018,27(2):46-56
[14]朱学海,宋燕春,赵治海,石云素,刘颖慧,黎裕,王天宇·用渗透剂胁迫鉴定谷子芽期耐旱性的方法研究·植物遗传资源学报,2008,9(1):62-67Zhu X H,Song Y C,Zhao Z H,Shi Y S,Liu Y H,Li Y,Wang T Y. Methods for identification of drought tolerance at germination period of foxtail millet by osmotic stress. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2008,9(1):62-67
[15]王利彬,刘丽君,裴宇峰,董守坤,孙聪姝,祖伟,阮英慧·大豆种质资源芽期抗旱性鉴定·东北农业大学学报,2012,43(1):36-43Wang L B, Liu L J, Pei Y F, Dong S K, Sun C S, Zu W, Ruan Y H. Drought resistance identification of soybean germplasm resources at bud stage. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2012, 43(1):36-43
[16]孙军伟,冀天会,杨子光,孟丽梅,张坷,宋韶帅·玉米萌芽期抗旱性鉴定研究·中国农学通报,2009, 25(3):104-107Sun J W, Ji T H, Yang Z G, Meng L M, Zhang K, Song S S.Study on identification of the drought resistant in maize seedling emergence stage. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2009,25(3):104-107
[17]罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,王方,王镛臻·主要胡麻品种抗旱相关指标分析及综合评价·核农学报,2014, 28(11):2115-2125Luo J J, Ou Q M, Ye C L, Wang F, Wang Y Z. Drought resistance comprehensive evaluation and analysis of valuation indexes of main flax cultivars. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 28(11):2115-2125
[18]谢小玉,张霞,张兵·油菜苗期抗旱性评价及抗旱相关指标变化分析·中国农业科学,2013,46(3):476-485Xie X Y, Zhang X, Zhang B. Evaluation of drought resistance and analysis of variation of relevant parameters at seedling stage of rapeseed. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013,46(3):476-485
[19]王士强,胡银岗,佘奎军,周琳璘,孟凡磊·小麦抗旱相关农艺性状和生理生化性状的灰色关联度分析·中国农业科学,2007,40(11):2452-2459Wang S Q, Hu Y G, She K J, Zhou L L, Meng F L. Gray relational grade analysis of agronomical and physi-biochemical traits related to drought tolerance in wheat. Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(11):2452-2459
[20]李贵全,张海燕,季兰,赵二开,刘建兵,李玲,张家蓉·不同大豆品种抗旱性综合评价·应用生态学报,2006(12):2408-2412Li G Q, Zhang H Y, Ji L, Zhao E K, Liu J B, Li L, Zhang J R. Comprehensive evaluation on drought-resistance of different soybean varieties. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2006(12):2408-2412
[21]祁旭升,王兴荣,许军,张建平,米君·胡麻种质资源成株期抗旱性评价·中国农业科学,2010, 43(15):3076-3087Qi X S, Wang X R, Xu J, Zhang J P, Mi J. Drought-resistance evaluation of flax germplasm at adult plant stage. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(15):3076-3087
[22] Upadhyaya H D. Variability for drought resistance related traits in the mini core collection of peanut. Crop Science, 2005,45(4):1432-1440
[23]岳爱琴,杜维俊,赵晋忠,李贵全·不同大豆品种抗旱性的研究·山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2005,25(2):157-160Yue A Q, Du W J, Zhao J Z, Li G Q. Study on analysis of drought resistance in soybean. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University:Natural Science Edition, 2005,25(2):157-160
[24]罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,王方,王镛臻,陈玉梁·重要胡麻栽培品种的抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选·作物学报,2014, 40(7):1259-1273Luo J J, Ou Q M, Ye C L, Wang F, Wang Y Z, Chen Y L-Comprehensive valuation of drought resistance and screening of indices of important flax cultivars. Acta Agronomica Sinica,2014, 40(7):1259-1273
[25]高雪芹,伏兵哲,穆怀彬,兰剑,李小伟·PEG-6000干旱胁迫对沙芦草种子萌发特性的影响及其抗旱性评价·种子,2013,32(8):11-16Gao X Q, Fu B Z, Mu H B, Lan J, Li X W. Effects and drought-resistances evaluation of drought simulate by PEG-6000 on Agropyron mongolicum Keng seed germination, Seed,2013,32(8):11-16
[26]陈小倩,徐庆国.PEG-6000干旱胁迫对5种牧草种子萌发的影响研究·中国农学通报,2015,31(26):7-11Chen X Q, Xu Q G. Effects of PEG-6000 drought stress on seed germination of five forage grass species. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2015,31(26):7-11
[2]李红,李波,马赫,李祥利.模拟干旱胁迫对苜蓿幼苗抗氧化酶系统的影响·草原与草坪,2016, 36(4):54-58Li H, Li B, Ma H, Li X L-Effects on antioxidative enzymes of alfalfa seedlings under simulated drought. Grassland and Turf,2016,36(4):54-58
[3]郑红梅.22个苜蓿品种生长和品质特性研究及综合评价·杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2005Zheng H M. Study on the growth and quality characteristics of 22 alfalfa varieties and their comprehensive evaluation.Yangling:Northwest A&F University, 2005
[4]张鹤山,陈明新,王凤,田宏,蔡化,刘洋.18个紫花苜蓿品种苗期抗旱性综合评价.江苏农业科学,2012,40(3):168-171Zhang H S, Chen M X, Wang F, Tian H, Cai H, Liu Y.Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of 18 alfalfa varieties at seedling stage. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2012,40(3):168-171
[5]汪灿,周棱波,张国兵,张立异,徐燕,高旭,姜讷,邵明波.薏苡种质资源萌发期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选·植物遗传资源学报,2017, 18(5):846-859Wang C, Zhou L B, Zhang G B, Zhang L Y, Xu Y, Gao X,Jiang N, Shao M B. Identification and indices screening of drought resistance in'adlay germplasm resources at germination stage. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2017, 18(5):846-859
[6]梁赫,王雪,赵鑫,曹铁华·吉林省西部半干旱区主栽玉米品种抗旱性比较·分子植物育种,2018, 16(13):4466-4472Liang X H, Wang X, Zhao X, Cao T H-Drought resistance comparison of main maize varieties in west semiarid areas of Jilin province. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2018,16(13):4466-4472
[7]李禄军,蒋志荣,李正平,邵玲玲.3树种抗旱性的综合评价及其抗旱指标的选取·水土保持研究,2006(6):253-254, 259Li L J, Jiang Z R, Li Z P, Shao L L. Comprehensive evaluation on drought-resistance of three tree species and the choice of drought-resistance indexes. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006(6):253-254, 259
[8]贺佳,卢健.SAS 8.2统计软件应用教程.北京:人民卫生出版社,2011:201-203He J, Lu J. SAS 8.2 statistical software application tutorial.Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House, 2011:201-203
[9]庞丹波,李生宝,潘占兵,蔡进军,董立国,张源润,王川·基于主成分分析和隶属函数的紫花苜蓿引种初步评价·西南农业学报,2015, 28(6):2815-2819Pang D B,Li S B,Pan Z B,Cai J J,Dong L G,Zhang Y R,Wang C-Preliminary evaluation of alfalfa introduction based on principal component analysis and subordinate function.Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015,28(6):2815-2819
[10]刘光辉,陈全家,吴鹏昊,曲延英,高文伟,杨军善,杜荣光·棉花花铃期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选·植物遗传资源学报,2016, 17(1):53-62, 69Liu G H, Chen Q J, Wu P H, Qu Y Y, Gao W W, Yang J S,Du R G. Screening and comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance indices of cotton at blossing and boll-forming stages.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2016, 17(1):53-62,69
[11] Shao X W, Han M, Han Z M, Kong W W, Yang L M. Effects of water supply on growth and photosynthesis in Scutellaria baicalensis. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(10):3214-3220
[12]孙宗玖,李培英,阿不来提,吉鹏飞·种子萌发期38份偃麦草种质耐盐性评价·草业科学,2012,29(7):1105-1113Sun Z J, Li P Y, Abulaiti, Ji P F. Evaluation on the salt tolerance of 38 germplasm resources of Elytrigria repens at seed germination stage. Pratacultural Science, 2012,29(7):1105-1113
[13]田小霞,毛培春,张琳,郭强,孟林·苜蓿属植物苗期耐盐指标筛选及耐盐性综合评价·植物资源与环境学报,2018,27(2):46-56Tian X X, Mao P C, Zhang L, Guo Q, Meng L. Screening on salt tolerance index and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of Medicago Linn. Plants at Seedling Stage, 2018,27(2):46-56
[14]朱学海,宋燕春,赵治海,石云素,刘颖慧,黎裕,王天宇·用渗透剂胁迫鉴定谷子芽期耐旱性的方法研究·植物遗传资源学报,2008,9(1):62-67Zhu X H,Song Y C,Zhao Z H,Shi Y S,Liu Y H,Li Y,Wang T Y. Methods for identification of drought tolerance at germination period of foxtail millet by osmotic stress. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2008,9(1):62-67
[15]王利彬,刘丽君,裴宇峰,董守坤,孙聪姝,祖伟,阮英慧·大豆种质资源芽期抗旱性鉴定·东北农业大学学报,2012,43(1):36-43Wang L B, Liu L J, Pei Y F, Dong S K, Sun C S, Zu W, Ruan Y H. Drought resistance identification of soybean germplasm resources at bud stage. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2012, 43(1):36-43
[16]孙军伟,冀天会,杨子光,孟丽梅,张坷,宋韶帅·玉米萌芽期抗旱性鉴定研究·中国农学通报,2009, 25(3):104-107Sun J W, Ji T H, Yang Z G, Meng L M, Zhang K, Song S S.Study on identification of the drought resistant in maize seedling emergence stage. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2009,25(3):104-107
[17]罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,王方,王镛臻·主要胡麻品种抗旱相关指标分析及综合评价·核农学报,2014, 28(11):2115-2125Luo J J, Ou Q M, Ye C L, Wang F, Wang Y Z. Drought resistance comprehensive evaluation and analysis of valuation indexes of main flax cultivars. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 28(11):2115-2125
[18]谢小玉,张霞,张兵·油菜苗期抗旱性评价及抗旱相关指标变化分析·中国农业科学,2013,46(3):476-485Xie X Y, Zhang X, Zhang B. Evaluation of drought resistance and analysis of variation of relevant parameters at seedling stage of rapeseed. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013,46(3):476-485
[19]王士强,胡银岗,佘奎军,周琳璘,孟凡磊·小麦抗旱相关农艺性状和生理生化性状的灰色关联度分析·中国农业科学,2007,40(11):2452-2459Wang S Q, Hu Y G, She K J, Zhou L L, Meng F L. Gray relational grade analysis of agronomical and physi-biochemical traits related to drought tolerance in wheat. Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(11):2452-2459
[20]李贵全,张海燕,季兰,赵二开,刘建兵,李玲,张家蓉·不同大豆品种抗旱性综合评价·应用生态学报,2006(12):2408-2412Li G Q, Zhang H Y, Ji L, Zhao E K, Liu J B, Li L, Zhang J R. Comprehensive evaluation on drought-resistance of different soybean varieties. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2006(12):2408-2412
[21]祁旭升,王兴荣,许军,张建平,米君·胡麻种质资源成株期抗旱性评价·中国农业科学,2010, 43(15):3076-3087Qi X S, Wang X R, Xu J, Zhang J P, Mi J. Drought-resistance evaluation of flax germplasm at adult plant stage. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(15):3076-3087
[22] Upadhyaya H D. Variability for drought resistance related traits in the mini core collection of peanut. Crop Science, 2005,45(4):1432-1440
[23]岳爱琴,杜维俊,赵晋忠,李贵全·不同大豆品种抗旱性的研究·山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2005,25(2):157-160Yue A Q, Du W J, Zhao J Z, Li G Q. Study on analysis of drought resistance in soybean. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University:Natural Science Edition, 2005,25(2):157-160
[24]罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,王方,王镛臻,陈玉梁·重要胡麻栽培品种的抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选·作物学报,2014, 40(7):1259-1273Luo J J, Ou Q M, Ye C L, Wang F, Wang Y Z, Chen Y L-Comprehensive valuation of drought resistance and screening of indices of important flax cultivars. Acta Agronomica Sinica,2014, 40(7):1259-1273
[25]高雪芹,伏兵哲,穆怀彬,兰剑,李小伟·PEG-6000干旱胁迫对沙芦草种子萌发特性的影响及其抗旱性评价·种子,2013,32(8):11-16Gao X Q, Fu B Z, Mu H B, Lan J, Li X W. Effects and drought-resistances evaluation of drought simulate by PEG-6000 on Agropyron mongolicum Keng seed germination, Seed,2013,32(8):11-16
[26]陈小倩,徐庆国.PEG-6000干旱胁迫对5种牧草种子萌发的影响研究·中国农学通报,2015,31(26):7-11Chen X Q, Xu Q G. Effects of PEG-6000 drought stress on seed germination of five forage grass species. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2015,31(26):7-11