当前我国畜牧业抗菌药应用与耐药性应对趋势
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摘要
抗菌药在现代农业和医学中发挥了举足轻重的作用,然而,随着民众对食品安全和生态环保意识的逐渐增强,抗菌药物的使用愈发受关注。如何科学合理使用抗菌药,确保动物安全健康,防止药物残留超标,进而实现畜牧业绿色发展是当前研究的重要课题。本文结合当前畜牧业抗菌药使用现状,从四个方面分析了滥用抗菌药的危害,并归纳总结了耐药机制研究进展,最后提出抗菌药替代策略,旨在为畜牧业抗菌药安全使用和抗菌药替代技术研发提供参考。
Antimicrobial drugs play an important role in modern agriculture and medicine. However,with the increasing of public awareness in food safety and ecological protection,the use of antimicrobial drugs has attracted more and more attention. How to use antimicrobial drugs scientifically,ensure animal safety and healthy,prevent excessive drug residues,and then to realize the green development of animal husbandry is an important topic of current research. Combined with the current situation of the use of antimicrobial drugs in animal husbandry,this paper analyzes the harm of the abuse of the drugs from four aspects,summarizes the research progress of drug resistance mechanism,and finally puts forward the replacement strategy of the drugs. The purpose is providing reference for the safe use of the drugs in animal husbandry and the research and development of the replacement technology of the drugs.
Antimicrobial drugs play an important role in modern agriculture and medicine. However,with the increasing of public awareness in food safety and ecological protection,the use of antimicrobial drugs has attracted more and more attention. How to use antimicrobial drugs scientifically,ensure animal safety and healthy,prevent excessive drug residues,and then to realize the green development of animal husbandry is an important topic of current research. Combined with the current situation of the use of antimicrobial drugs in animal husbandry,this paper analyzes the harm of the abuse of the drugs from four aspects,summarizes the research progress of drug resistance mechanism,and finally puts forward the replacement strategy of the drugs. The purpose is providing reference for the safe use of the drugs in animal husbandry and the research and development of the replacement technology of the drugs.
引文
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[14]Jamalifar H,Rahimi H,Samadi N,et al.Antimicrobial activity of different Lactobacillus species against multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J].Iran J Microbiol,2011,3(1):2125.
[15]Field D,O'Connor R,Cotter P D,et al.In vitro activities of nisin and nisin derivatives alone and in combination with antibiotics against Staphylococcus biofilms[J].Front Microbiol,2016,7:508.
[16]Mojica F J,DíezVillase?or C,GarcíaMartínez J,et al.Intervening sequences of regularly spaced prokaryotic repeats derive from foreign genetic elements[J].J Mol Evol,2005,60(2):174182.
[17]Katie M B,Christine M S.CRISPRCas,a Prokaryotic adaptive immune system,in endodontic,oral,and multidrugresistant hospitalacquired Enterococcus faecalis[J].Journal of Endodontics.2012,38(11):15111515
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[2]Zou J,li N.Mechanism of bacterial resistance and control measures[J].Journal of Primary Medicine,2006(11):10521053.邹晶,李楠.细菌耐药机制与控制对策[J].基层医学论坛,2006(11):10521053.
[3]Wang X Q.Research advances in molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance[J].Port Health Control,2018,23(3):2431.王秀倩.抗生素耐药性分子机制研究进展[J].口岸卫生控制,2018,23(3):2431.
[4]Li J G,Li J,Qin Y C,et al.Quality and safety of international feed and animal products[R].Beijing:Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2018,118(8):89.李军国,李俊,秦玉昌,等.国际饲料及动物产品质量安全快讯[R].北京:中国农业科学院饲料研究所,2018,118(8):89.
[5]Woodford N,Wareham D W,Guerra B,et al.Carbapenemaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae and nonEnterobacteriaceae from animals and the environment:an emerging public health risk of our own making[J].J Antimicrob Chemother,2014,69(2):287291.
[6]Gao M,Jia R Z,Qiu T L,et al.Sizerelated bacterial diversity and tetracycline resistance gene abundance in the air of concentrated poultry feeding operations[J].Environ Pollut,2017,220(Pt B):13421348.
[7]Sun J,Liu Y H,Feng Y J.Towards understanding antibiotic resistance in animalsborne bacterial pathogens[J].Chinese Journal of Biotechnology,2018,34(8):12461258.孙坚,刘雅红,冯友军.动物源细菌耐药性研究现状与对策[J].生物工程学报,2018,34(8):12461258.
[8]Liu A N,Tran L,Becket E,et al.Antibiotic sensitivity profiles determined with an Escherichia coli gene knockout collection:generating an antibiotic bar code[J].Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54(4):13931403.
[9]Wozniak R A,Waldor M K.Integrative and conjugative elements:mosaic mobile genetic elements enabling dynamic lateral gene flow[J].Nat Rev Microbiol,2010,8(8):552563.
[10]Principe L,Capone A,Mazzarelli A,et al.In vitro activity of doripenem in combination with various antimicrobials against multidrugresistant Acinetobacter baumannii:possible options for the treatment of complicated infection[J].Microb Drug Resist,2013,19(5):407414.
[11]Inoue H,RenM H.Antimicrobial resistance:translating political commitment into national action[J].Bull World Health Organ,2017,95(4):242.
[12]Cox J A G,Worthington T.The'antibiotic apocalypse'-scaremongering or scientific reporting?[J].Trends Microbiol,2017,25(3):167169.
[13]Madec J Y,Haenni M,Nordmann P,et al.Extendedspectrumβlactamase/AmpCand carbapenemaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae in animals:a threat for humans?[J].Clinical Microbiology and Infection,2017,23(11):826833.
[14]Jamalifar H,Rahimi H,Samadi N,et al.Antimicrobial activity of different Lactobacillus species against multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J].Iran J Microbiol,2011,3(1):2125.
[15]Field D,O'Connor R,Cotter P D,et al.In vitro activities of nisin and nisin derivatives alone and in combination with antibiotics against Staphylococcus biofilms[J].Front Microbiol,2016,7:508.
[16]Mojica F J,DíezVillase?or C,GarcíaMartínez J,et al.Intervening sequences of regularly spaced prokaryotic repeats derive from foreign genetic elements[J].J Mol Evol,2005,60(2):174182.
[17]Katie M B,Christine M S.CRISPRCas,a Prokaryotic adaptive immune system,in endodontic,oral,and multidrugresistant hospitalacquired Enterococcus faecalis[J].Journal of Endodontics.2012,38(11):15111515
[18]Vercoe R B,Chang J T,Dy R L,et al.Cytotoxic chromosomal targeting by CRISPR/Cas systems can reshape bacterial genomes and expel or remodel pathogenicity islands[J].PLoS Genet,2013,9(4):e1003454.
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