主成分分析法和模糊综合评价法判断喀斯特土壤的肥力水平
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摘要
【目的】本研究揭示了喀斯特地区土壤的肥力水平。【方法】在贵州印江典型喀斯特区域采集了26个土壤样品,并采用主成分分析法和模糊综合评价法对供试土壤进行了土壤肥力综合评价。【结果】受pH的影响,喀斯特地区土壤的有效N和有效Fe含量较低;根据模糊综合评价法,喀斯特地区土壤肥力水平均在中等偏上;主成分分析和模糊综合评价2种方法的评价结果间具有极显著的正相关性,互相佐证了评价结果的准确性;受施肥等因素影响,不同土地利用方式和不同地形部位土壤的肥力水平大小关系为:耕地>果园>林地和槽谷>山坡,但各差异间均未达到显著性水平。【结论】研究结果为全面评价喀斯特地区土壤肥力提供了科学依据。
【Objective】The karst area is extensively distributed in the Southwest China, and this study reveals the soil fertility in this area.【Method】26 soil samples were collected from Yinjiang, Guizhou and the soil fertility of these soils were evaluated by the methods of analysis of principal component and fuzzy synthetic evaluation. 【Result】The contents of available N and available Fe in these soils were lower due to the high pH value. According to the method of fuzzy synthetic evaluation, the soil fertility in the karst region was above the average. There was a significant positive correlation between the results of the evaluations by the two methods of principal component analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, which corroborated the accuracy of the evaluation results. Affected by fertilization, the fertilities of soils in different land use types were followed in this order: cultivated land> orchard> woodland, and the fertility of soils in different topography was followed in this order: trough> hill. However, the differences of soil fertility in different land use type and different topography were not significant. 【Conclusion】The results in this study provided a scientific basis for comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility in karst regions.
【Objective】The karst area is extensively distributed in the Southwest China, and this study reveals the soil fertility in this area.【Method】26 soil samples were collected from Yinjiang, Guizhou and the soil fertility of these soils were evaluated by the methods of analysis of principal component and fuzzy synthetic evaluation. 【Result】The contents of available N and available Fe in these soils were lower due to the high pH value. According to the method of fuzzy synthetic evaluation, the soil fertility in the karst region was above the average. There was a significant positive correlation between the results of the evaluations by the two methods of principal component analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, which corroborated the accuracy of the evaluation results. Affected by fertilization, the fertilities of soils in different land use types were followed in this order: cultivated land> orchard> woodland, and the fertility of soils in different topography was followed in this order: trough> hill. However, the differences of soil fertility in different land use type and different topography were not significant. 【Conclusion】The results in this study provided a scientific basis for comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility in karst regions.
引文
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[23]刘顺,刘喜帅,朱新传,等.陈山红心杉土壤养分、酶活性的根际效应及肥力评价[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):492-501.
[24]戴士祥,任文杰,腾应,等.安徽省主要水稻土基本理化性质及肥力综合评价[J].土壤,2018,50(1):66-72.
[25]李忠意,程永毅,宋伟,等.重庆紫色土养分的模糊综合评判[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(23):238-247.
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[2]刘勤,王玉宽,严坤,等.三峡库区中部移民安置区土壤养分特征及变化评价[J].土壤通报,2017,48(3):656-661.
[3]戴士祥,任文杰,滕应,等.安徽省主要水稻土基本理化性质及肥力综合评价[J].土壤,2018,50(1):66-72.
[4]许明祥,刘国彬,赵允格.黄土丘陵区土壤质量评价指标研究[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(10):1843-1848.
[5]吕晓男,陆允甫,王人潮.土壤肥力综合评价初步研究[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),1999,25(4):378-382.
[6]吴海燕,金荣德,范作伟,等.基于主成分和聚类分析的黑土肥力质量评价[J].植物营养与肥力学报,2018,24(2):325-334.
[7]邱莉萍,刘军,王益权,等.土壤酶活性与土壤肥力的关系研究[J].植物营养与肥力学报,2004,10(3):277-280.
[8]罗红,普布顿珠,朱雪林,等.西藏人工造林作业区土壤肥力评价[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(5):1507-1514.
[9]韩贵杰,唐亚森,曲杭峰,等.大兴安岭低质落叶松林补植改造后土壤肥力的综合评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2008,46(6):56-61.
[10]刘顺,刘喜帅,朱新传,等.陈山红心杉土壤养分、酶活性的根际效应及肥力评价[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):492-501.
[11]金慧芳,史东梅,陈正发,等.基于聚类及PCA分析的红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价指标[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(7):155-164.
[12]沈建国,王忠,李丹,等.余杭区新垦红壤耕地肥力特征及地力评价[J].土壤通报,2018,49(1):55-60.
[13]龙减,邓启琼,江新荣,等.西南喀斯特地区退耕还林(草)模式对土壤肥力质量演变的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(7):1279-1284.
[14]付同刚,张伟,陈洪松.喀斯特峰丛洼地土壤综合肥力的空间分异特征及其影响因素[J].土壤通报,2013,44(2):385-391.
[15]胡业翠,李英,王其兵.广西喀斯特地区荒草地垦田的土壤肥力变化[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(6):344-348.
[16]杨皓,胡继伟,黄先飞,等.喀斯特地区金刺梨种植基地土壤肥力研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):50-55.
[17]杨皓,胡继伟,黄先飞,等.喀斯特山区金刺梨种植基地土壤有效养分含量状况研究[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(7):53-57.
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[19]苟文平,刘世全,张世熔,等.西藏土壤有效铁含量及其影响因素[J].山地学报,2007,25(3):359-363.
[20]李月芬,堂洁,李艳梅.用主成分分析和灰色关联度分析评价草原土壤质量[J].世界地质,2004,23(2):169-174.
[21]陈吉,赵炳梓,张佳宝,等.主成分分析方法在长期施肥土壤质量评价中的应用[J].土壤,2010,42(3):415-420.
[22]许仙菊,马洪波,陈杰,等.基于养分丰缺诊断和主成分分析相结合的桑园土壤肥力评价[J].土壤,2013,45(3):470-476.
[23]刘顺,刘喜帅,朱新传,等.陈山红心杉土壤养分、酶活性的根际效应及肥力评价[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):492-501.
[24]戴士祥,任文杰,腾应,等.安徽省主要水稻土基本理化性质及肥力综合评价[J].土壤,2018,50(1):66-72.
[25]李忠意,程永毅,宋伟,等.重庆紫色土养分的模糊综合评判[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(23):238-247.
[26]孙波,张桃林,赵其国.我国东南丘陵山区土壤肥力的综合评价[J].土壤学报,1995,32(4):362-369.
[27]陶睿,王子芳,高明,等.重庆市丰都县紫色土养分空间变异及土壤肥力评价[J].土壤,2017,49(1):155-161.
[28]谢德体.土壤地理学[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1995.
[29]严友进,戴全厚,伏文兵,等.下垫面变化对喀斯特坡地地下产流产沙的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(1):67-73.
[30]王家文,周跃,肖本秀,等.中国西南喀斯特土壤水分特征研究进展[J].中国水土保持,2013(2):37-41.