株行配比对滴灌苜蓿种子产量及其产量构成因子的影响
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摘要
本试验研究滴灌条件下紫花苜蓿种子生产适宜的种植密度和最优株行距配比,旨在为我国西北半干旱地区滴灌条件下苜蓿种子生产提供理论指导。试验以‘甘农4号’苜蓿为试验材料,研究了滴灌条件下不同株行配比和密度对产量以及产量构成因子的影响,研究结果表明:每株花序数、生殖枝数、每荚种子数和千粒重是影响苜蓿种子产量的主要因素,其中每株花序数对单株种子产量的贡献起直接作用,其余3个因子对产量的贡献主要通过每株花序数间接实现。在株行配比和产量回归拟合模型中,株行距为35cm×100cm时单株实际产量最高;株行距为15cm×100cm时单位面积实际产量最高。因此,在宁夏中部干旱带进行苜蓿种子生产时,建议采用行距为100cm,株距为15cm的配比。
The suitable planting density and the optimal row spacing ratio of alfalfa seed production under drip irrigation were studied,which provided theoretical guidance for the seed production under drip irrigation in semi-arid areas of northwest China.In this experiment,'Ganong 4'was used as the test material to study the effects of different row spacing ratios and densities on yield and yield components under drip irrigation conditions.The results show that the number of racemes per plant,the number of reproductive branches,the number of seeds per pod and the 1000-grain weight are the main factors affecting the yield of alfalfa seeds,The number of racemes per plant has a direct effect on the contribution of individual seed yield,The contribution of the remaining three factors to yield is mainly achieved indirectly by the number of racemes per plant.In the regression fitting model of the row spacing ratio and yield,When the row spacing is 35 cm×100 cm,the actual yield per plant is the highest;when the row spacing is 15 cm×100 cm,the actual yield per unit area is the highest.The results suggest that 100 cm between-row spacing and 15 cm within-row spacing is the best ratio,When the alfalfa seeds are produced in the arid zone of central Ningxia.
The suitable planting density and the optimal row spacing ratio of alfalfa seed production under drip irrigation were studied,which provided theoretical guidance for the seed production under drip irrigation in semi-arid areas of northwest China.In this experiment,'Ganong 4'was used as the test material to study the effects of different row spacing ratios and densities on yield and yield components under drip irrigation conditions.The results show that the number of racemes per plant,the number of reproductive branches,the number of seeds per pod and the 1000-grain weight are the main factors affecting the yield of alfalfa seeds,The number of racemes per plant has a direct effect on the contribution of individual seed yield,The contribution of the remaining three factors to yield is mainly achieved indirectly by the number of racemes per plant.In the regression fitting model of the row spacing ratio and yield,When the row spacing is 35 cm×100 cm,the actual yield per plant is the highest;when the row spacing is 15 cm×100 cm,the actual yield per unit area is the highest.The results suggest that 100 cm between-row spacing and 15 cm within-row spacing is the best ratio,When the alfalfa seeds are produced in the arid zone of central Ningxia.
引文
[1]魏彦武.苜蓿的种植与加工利用[J].养殖与饲料,2008(01):51-53
[2]杨青川,孙彦.中国苜蓿育种的历史、现状与发展趋势[J].中国草地学报,2011,33(06):95-101
[3]王跃卿,杨浩哲,蔡海霞,等.紫花苜蓿高产施肥技术[J].河南畜牧兽医,2003(06):36
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[5]魏珊珊,王祥宇,董树亭.株行距配置对高产夏玉米冠层结构及籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014(02):441-450
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[12]黄文广,刘晓东,于钊,等.禁牧对草地覆盖度的影响-以宁夏盐池县为例[J].草业科学,2011(08):1502-1506
[13]宋乃平,杜灵通,王磊.盐池县2000-2012年植被变化及其驱动力[J].生态学报,2015(22):7377-7386
[14]国家标准局.GB/T 2930.9-2001牧草种子检验规程重量测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001,87-88
[15]魏永鹏,南丽丽,于闯,等.种植密度和行距配置对紫花苜蓿群体产量及品质的影响[J].草业科学,2017(09):1898-1905
[16]田兵,冉雪琴,薛红,等.贵州42种野生牧草营养价值灰色关联度分析[J].草业学报,2014(1):92-103
[17]柯梅,朱昊,梁维维,等.苏丹草农艺性状与产量、品质间的灰色关联度分析[J].草业科学,2016(5):949-955
[18]彭石磊,何丙辉,王润泽,等.自然降雨条件下不同施肥模式和耕作方式对坡耕地紫色土肥力质量的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2018(4):318-326
[19]武晓玲,梁海媛,杨峰,等.大豆苗期耐荫性综合评价及其鉴定指标的筛选[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(13):2497-2507
[20]赵松岭,李凤民,张大勇,等.作物生产是一个种群过程[J].生态学报,1997(1):102-106
[21]魏建军,罗赓彤,张力,等.中黄35超高产大豆群体的生理参数[J].作物学报,2009(3):506-511
[22]杜占池,杨宗贵.不同密度的羊草种群结构及其光照分布的研究[J].草地学报,1999(3):236-244
[23]Zhang W,Xia F,Li Y,et al.Influence of year and row spacing on yield component and seed yield in Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)[J].Legume Research,2016,40(2):794-803
[24]康爱民,龙瑞军,师尚礼,等.苜蓿的营养与饲用价值[J].草原与草坪,2002(3):31-33
[25]Bolger T P,Meyer D W.Influence of plant density on alfalfa yield and quality[J].Proceedings American Forage&Grassland Council.1983(2):37-41
[26]Chen S M,Wei-Jun L I,Xue-Feng L I.Effect of planting space on growth and seed yield of alfalfa[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2005(03):189-191
[27]吴新荣.新疆苜蓿品种群体(Medicago sativa)产量、品质等农艺性状的遗传变异和相关研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,1992(3):95-99
[28]Chocarro C,Lloveras J.The effect of row spacing on alfalfa seed and forage production under irrigated Mediterranean agricultural conditions[J].Grass&Forage Science,2015,70(4):651-660
[29]Xian-Feng M A,Zhou Q Y,Cao Z D,et al.Effects of Row Spacing on the Growth and Yield of Different Varieties of Alfalfa[J].Journal of Animal Science&Veterinary Medicine,2016,35(04):11-14
[2]杨青川,孙彦.中国苜蓿育种的历史、现状与发展趋势[J].中国草地学报,2011,33(06):95-101
[3]王跃卿,杨浩哲,蔡海霞,等.紫花苜蓿高产施肥技术[J].河南畜牧兽医,2003(06):36
[4]吴素琴.紫花苜蓿种子丰产关键因子及产量构成因素的研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2003:2-10
[5]魏珊珊,王祥宇,董树亭.株行距配置对高产夏玉米冠层结构及籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014(02):441-450
[6]李拥军,闵继淳.灌水次数、播种密度对留种紫花苜蓿生长发育和种子产量的影响[J].草业学报,1998(03):30-34
[7]王莹,段学义,张胜昌,等.紫花苜蓿播种密度对草产量及其他生物学性状的影响[J].草业科学,2011,28(7):1400-1402
[8]王显国,韩建国,刘富渊,等.穴播条件下株行距对紫花苜蓿种子产量和质量的影响[J].中国草地学报,2006(02):28-32
[9]李丽,李宁,盛建东,等.施氮量和种植密度对紫花苜蓿生长及种子产量的影响[J].草地学报,2012(01):54-57
[10]Askarian M,Hampton J G,Hill M J.Effect of row spacing and sowing rate on seed production of lucerne(Medicago sativa L.)Grasslands Oranga[J].New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,1995,38(3):289-295
[11]Zhang T,Wang X,Han J,et al.Effects of Between-Row and Within-Row Spacing on Alfalfa Seed Yields[J].Crop Science,2008,48(2):794-803
[12]黄文广,刘晓东,于钊,等.禁牧对草地覆盖度的影响-以宁夏盐池县为例[J].草业科学,2011(08):1502-1506
[13]宋乃平,杜灵通,王磊.盐池县2000-2012年植被变化及其驱动力[J].生态学报,2015(22):7377-7386
[14]国家标准局.GB/T 2930.9-2001牧草种子检验规程重量测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001,87-88
[15]魏永鹏,南丽丽,于闯,等.种植密度和行距配置对紫花苜蓿群体产量及品质的影响[J].草业科学,2017(09):1898-1905
[16]田兵,冉雪琴,薛红,等.贵州42种野生牧草营养价值灰色关联度分析[J].草业学报,2014(1):92-103
[17]柯梅,朱昊,梁维维,等.苏丹草农艺性状与产量、品质间的灰色关联度分析[J].草业科学,2016(5):949-955
[18]彭石磊,何丙辉,王润泽,等.自然降雨条件下不同施肥模式和耕作方式对坡耕地紫色土肥力质量的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2018(4):318-326
[19]武晓玲,梁海媛,杨峰,等.大豆苗期耐荫性综合评价及其鉴定指标的筛选[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(13):2497-2507
[20]赵松岭,李凤民,张大勇,等.作物生产是一个种群过程[J].生态学报,1997(1):102-106
[21]魏建军,罗赓彤,张力,等.中黄35超高产大豆群体的生理参数[J].作物学报,2009(3):506-511
[22]杜占池,杨宗贵.不同密度的羊草种群结构及其光照分布的研究[J].草地学报,1999(3):236-244
[23]Zhang W,Xia F,Li Y,et al.Influence of year and row spacing on yield component and seed yield in Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)[J].Legume Research,2016,40(2):794-803
[24]康爱民,龙瑞军,师尚礼,等.苜蓿的营养与饲用价值[J].草原与草坪,2002(3):31-33
[25]Bolger T P,Meyer D W.Influence of plant density on alfalfa yield and quality[J].Proceedings American Forage&Grassland Council.1983(2):37-41
[26]Chen S M,Wei-Jun L I,Xue-Feng L I.Effect of planting space on growth and seed yield of alfalfa[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2005(03):189-191
[27]吴新荣.新疆苜蓿品种群体(Medicago sativa)产量、品质等农艺性状的遗传变异和相关研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,1992(3):95-99
[28]Chocarro C,Lloveras J.The effect of row spacing on alfalfa seed and forage production under irrigated Mediterranean agricultural conditions[J].Grass&Forage Science,2015,70(4):651-660
[29]Xian-Feng M A,Zhou Q Y,Cao Z D,et al.Effects of Row Spacing on the Growth and Yield of Different Varieties of Alfalfa[J].Journal of Animal Science&Veterinary Medicine,2016,35(04):11-14