基于主客区域身份差异的城市游憩者环境责任行为比较研究——以岳麓山风景名胜区为例
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摘要
游客是城市游憩活动的主体,激发游客环境责任行为,既关系到游客文明旅游行为的规范,也关系到旅游地生态文明建设,更关系到旅游目的地可持续发展。不同区域身份的游憩者环境责任行为有不同的行为表现,本地居民和外来游客对景区的依恋情感不一样,其环境责任行为也会存在差异。而对主客区域身份差异的游憩者环境责任行为进行比较研究是深化环境责任行为管理、有效保护城市自然景区环境的重要途径。鉴于此,本文以本地居民与外来游客两类游憩者群体为研究对象,以湖南省长沙市岳麓山风景名胜区为例,通过问卷调查与社会统计学方法对主客区域身份差异的城市游憩者环境责任行为差异展开实证研究。研究发现:(1)因子分析显示,城市游憩者环境责任行为主要表现为环境维护行为与环境促进行为两大因子;#区域身份对城市游憩者环境责任行为差异存在影响,本地居民环境责任行为意愿强于外来游客环境责任行为意愿;(2)两大游憩者群体在具体的环境维护行为、环境促进行为表现上存在差异。本文最后提出若干基于区域身份差异的游憩者环境责任行为的管理建议。
Tourists are the mainstay of urban leisure activities.Stimulating the tourists' civilization environmental responsibility behavior is related to tourists' behavior norms,the ecological civilization construction of tourism areas as well as the sustainable development of tourism destination.The environmental responsibility behaviors of different regional identity tourists have different performance.To some extent,environmental responsibility behaviors of local residents and outside tourists are varied,which is caused by their different attachment emotion to the scenic spot.A comparative study of the environmental responsibility behaviors of tourists with different regional identity of the subject and the object is an important way to deepen the management of environmental responsibility behavior and effectively protect the natural environment of urban areas.In view of this,this paper takes two groups of tourists—the local residents and outside tourists as the research objects,taking the Yuelu Mountain Scenic Spot in Changsha as an example,using the questionnaire survey and social statistical methods to study the difference of the environmental responsibility behavior of urban tourists with different regional identities of the subject and the object.The results indicates that:(1)factor analysis shows that the urban residents' environmental responsibility behavior mainly manifests as two factors:environmental maintenance behavior and environmental promotion behavior;(2)regional identity has an impact on urban residents' environmental responsibility behavior differences,and the willingness of local residents' environmental responsibility is stronger than the willingness of outside tourists' environmental responsibility;(3)There are differences in the specific environmental maintenance behaviors and environmental promotion behaviors of the two groups of tourists.At the end of the paper,based on regional identity differences,some management suggestions for the environmental responsibility behavior of tourists are proposed.
Tourists are the mainstay of urban leisure activities.Stimulating the tourists' civilization environmental responsibility behavior is related to tourists' behavior norms,the ecological civilization construction of tourism areas as well as the sustainable development of tourism destination.The environmental responsibility behaviors of different regional identity tourists have different performance.To some extent,environmental responsibility behaviors of local residents and outside tourists are varied,which is caused by their different attachment emotion to the scenic spot.A comparative study of the environmental responsibility behaviors of tourists with different regional identity of the subject and the object is an important way to deepen the management of environmental responsibility behavior and effectively protect the natural environment of urban areas.In view of this,this paper takes two groups of tourists—the local residents and outside tourists as the research objects,taking the Yuelu Mountain Scenic Spot in Changsha as an example,using the questionnaire survey and social statistical methods to study the difference of the environmental responsibility behavior of urban tourists with different regional identities of the subject and the object.The results indicates that:(1)factor analysis shows that the urban residents' environmental responsibility behavior mainly manifests as two factors:environmental maintenance behavior and environmental promotion behavior;(2)regional identity has an impact on urban residents' environmental responsibility behavior differences,and the willingness of local residents' environmental responsibility is stronger than the willingness of outside tourists' environmental responsibility;(3)There are differences in the specific environmental maintenance behaviors and environmental promotion behaviors of the two groups of tourists.At the end of the paper,based on regional identity differences,some management suggestions for the environmental responsibility behavior of tourists are proposed.
引文
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[20]罗文斌,张小花,钟诚,等.城市自然景区游客环境责任行为影响因素研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(5):161~169.
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[23]文首文,吴章文.生态教育对游憩冲击的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(2):768~775.
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[27]余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与SPSS应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:127~138.
[28]余晓婷,吴小根,张玉玲,等.游客环境责任行为驱动因素研究--以台湾为例[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(7):49~59.
[29]张玉玲,郭永锐,郑春晖.游客价值观对环保行为的影响--基于客源市场空间距离与区域经济水平的分组探讨[J].旅游科学,2017,31(2):1~14.
[30]张玉玲,张虹鸥,杨龙,等.南岭地方特征对游客环境责任行为的影响研究--基于不同经济群体的比较分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2017,11(5):63~69.
[2]Bang H K,Ellinger A E,Hadjimarcou J,et al.Consumer concern,knowledge,belief,and attitude toward renewable energy:An application of the reasoned action theory[J].Psychology&Marketing,2000,17(6):449~468.
[3]Chang L C.The effects of moral emotions and justifications on visitors’intention to pick flowers in a forest recreation area in Taiwan[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2010,18(1):137~150.
[4]Cheng T M,Wu H C.How do environmental knowledge,environmental sensitivity,and place attachment affect environmentally responsible behavior?An integrated approach for sustainable island tourism[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2015,23(4):557~576.
[5]Cheng T M,Wu H C,Huang L M.The influence of place attachment on the relationship between destination attractiveness and environmentally responsible behavior for island tourism in Penghu,Taiwan[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2013,21(8):1166~1187.
[6]Chiu Y T H,Lee W I,Chen T H.Environmentally responsible behavior in ecotourism:Antecedents and implications[J].Tourism Management,2014(40):321~329.
[7]Kollmuss A,Agyeman J.Mind the gap:Why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior?[J].Environmental Education Research,2002,8(3):239~260.
[8]Lee T H.How recreation involvement,place attachment and conservation commitment affect environmentally responsible behavior[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2011,19(7):895~915.
[9]Lee T H,Jan F H,Yang C C.Conceptualizing and measuring environmentally responsible behaviors from the perspective of community-based tourists[J].Tourism Management,2013(36):454~468.
[10]McKercher B,Wang D,Park E.Social impacts as a function of place change[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2015(50):52~66.
[11]Ramkissoon H,Smith L D G,Weiler B.Relationships between place attachment,place satisfaction and pro-environmental behaviour in an Australian National Park[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2013,21(3):434~457.
[12]陈虎,梅青,王颖超,等.历史街区旅游意象对环境责任行为的驱动性研究--以满意度为中介变量[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(12):106~116.
[13]陈奕霏.基于地方理论的古镇游客环境责任行为的影响机制研究--以西塘为例[D].杭州:浙江工商大学,2017.
[14]范钧,邱宏亮,吴雪飞.旅游地意象、地方依恋与旅游者环境责任行为--以浙江省旅游度假区为例[J].旅游学刊,2014,29(1):55~66.
[15]洪学婷,张宏梅,张业臣.旅游体验对旅游者环境态度和环境行为影响的纵向追踪研究[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(9):1642~1656.
[16]贾衍菊,林德荣.旅游者环境责任行为:驱动因素与影响机理--基于地方理论的视角[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(7):161~169.
[17]李秋成,周玲强.社会资本对旅游者环境友好行为意愿的影响[J].旅游学刊,2014,29(9):73~82.
[18]林明水,龚芳华,袁书琪.大陆赴台游客环境意识与旅游行为特征研究[J].福建论坛·人文社会科学版,2014(5):136~141.
[19]柳红波,谢继忠,郭英之.绿洲城市居民休闲场所依恋与环境责任行为关系研究--以张掖国家湿地公园为例[J].资源开发与市场,2017,33(1):49~53.
[20]罗文斌,张小花,钟诚,等.城市自然景区游客环境责任行为影响因素研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(5):161~169.
[21]是丽娜,王国聘.我国大学生旅游者环境意识与行为特征研究[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(9):193~196,204.
[22]王国新,王如松,毛春红.杭州西溪国家湿地公园不良旅游行为及其对景区环境的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(6):1423~1430.
[23]文首文,吴章文.生态教育对游憩冲击的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(2):768~775.
[24]吴必虎.上海城市游憩者流动行为研究[J].地理学报,1994,61(2):117~127.
[25]吴俏.遗产旅游者地方依恋、满意度和环境责任行为关系研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2017.
[26]徐菲菲,何云梦.环境伦理观与可持续旅游行为研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(6):724~736.
[27]余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与SPSS应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:127~138.
[28]余晓婷,吴小根,张玉玲,等.游客环境责任行为驱动因素研究--以台湾为例[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(7):49~59.
[29]张玉玲,郭永锐,郑春晖.游客价值观对环保行为的影响--基于客源市场空间距离与区域经济水平的分组探讨[J].旅游科学,2017,31(2):1~14.
[30]张玉玲,张虹鸥,杨龙,等.南岭地方特征对游客环境责任行为的影响研究--基于不同经济群体的比较分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版),2017,11(5):63~69.
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