一种地图跨媒介出版数据模型
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摘要
针对同一空间数据跨不同媒介出版时存在的重复地图制作以及视觉表达效果不统一问题,提出了地图跨媒介出版的概念。通过分析现有地图数据模型,深入挖掘PDF结构中标识内容对象、逻辑结构对象以及可选内容对象等页面内容对象的潜在优势,重点围绕要素对象编码、要素对象结构以及要素分层结构设计了地图跨媒介出版数据模型,该模型突破了过去对满足印刷要求的制图数据和地理空间数据只能分阶段或分模型描述的限制,为地图跨媒介出版数据的存储与管理创造了条件。最后经过试验测试,结果表明了该模型的可行性和有效性。
Aiming at the problem of repeated map production and differences of visual expression effect appeared when the same spatial data are published across different media,the concept of cross-media publishing of map is proposed.Through analyzing the existing map data models and deeply mining the potential advantages of PDF page content objects such as mark content object,logic structure object,optional content object and so on in PDF structure,the point is around the feature object code,the feature object structure and the feature layered structure launched the design of the cross-media publishing data model of map.The model breached the past limit that the map data which satisfies the printing request and geographic spatial data only can be described on different stages or with different models.It creates the conditions for storage and management of the cross-media publishing data of map.After the experimental tests the results show that the model is feasible and effective.
Aiming at the problem of repeated map production and differences of visual expression effect appeared when the same spatial data are published across different media,the concept of cross-media publishing of map is proposed.Through analyzing the existing map data models and deeply mining the potential advantages of PDF page content objects such as mark content object,logic structure object,optional content object and so on in PDF structure,the point is around the feature object code,the feature object structure and the feature layered structure launched the design of the cross-media publishing data model of map.The model breached the past limit that the map data which satisfies the printing request and geographic spatial data only can be described on different stages or with different models.It creates the conditions for storage and management of the cross-media publishing data of map.After the experimental tests the results show that the model is feasible and effective.
引文
[1]CHE Sen.Research on Multi-mediums Visualized Outputting of Spatial Data[D].Zhengzhou:The PLA Information Engineering University,2010.(车森.空间数据跨媒介可视化输出研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2010.)
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[5]QIN Lian.Accurate Drawing Skill of Floor Plan in Illustrator[J].Digital Printing,2008(8):55-56.(秦练.Illustrator平面图形精确绘制技术[J].数码印刷,2008(8):55-56.)
[6]YANG Jianhong.Illustrator in the Output of the Image File Format[J].Journal of Yichun University,2011,33(4):66-67.(杨建宏.Illustrator中图像文件格式的输出[J].宜春学院学报,2011,33(4):66-67.)
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[9]QI Huabin,AI Tinghua,HU Ke.Construction of Symbol Database and Implementation of Visualization Based on ArcGIS[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2003,(1):14-17.(祁华斌,艾廷华,胡珂.基于ArcGIS的地图符号库建立及符号化实施[J].测绘通报,2003,(1):14-17.)
[10]WANG Lixin,ZHU Wei.The Design and Realization of Utilizing 1∶50 000DLG Database to Make Topographic Map Based on ArcGIS[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2008(5):58-61.(王立新,朱伟.基于Arc GIS的1∶5万DLG数据库生成地形图的设计与实现[J].测绘通报,2008(5):58-61.)
[11]HUANG Haiwen.The Technique Research of Applying Combinational Object in the Cartographic System[D].Zhengzhou:The Information Engineering University,2007.(黄海文.地图制图系统中组合式对象的应用技术研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2007.)
[12]WANG Hua.The Research on Factors Affecting Data Quality of 1∶250 000Joint Operation Maps and Inspect Methods[D].Zhengzhou:The Information Engineering University,2004.(王华.1∶25万协同图数据成果质量影响因素及检查方法研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2004.)
[13]XUAN Zhuxiang.The Prepress Quality Control of Map Publishing[J].Printing Technology,2001(28):37-40.(宣柱香.地图出版的印前质量控制[J].印刷技术,2001(28):37-40.)
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[19]QIN Kuan,JIA Yueling,YANG Junjie.Multi-Scale Displaying Technique of Electronic Maps Based-on Perceiving Generalization[J].Geomatics Technology and Equipment,2007,9(1):20-22.(秦宽,贾月玲,杨俊杰.基于感受综合的电子地图多尺度显示技术[J].测绘技术装备,2007,9(1):20-22.)
[20]AI Tinghua,CHENG Jianguo.Key Issues of Multi-Scale Representation of Spatial Data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2005,30(5):377-382.(艾廷华,成建国.对空间数据多尺度表达有关问题的思考[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(5):377-382.)
[2]CAO Yani,JIANG Nan,ZHANG Yajun,et al.Constitution Variables and Generation Modes of Electronic Map Symbols[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(5):784-790.(曹亚妮,江南,张亚军,等.电子地图符号构成变量及其生成模式[J].测绘学报,2012,41(5):784-790.)
[3]LI Qingquan,XIE Zhiying,ZUO Xiaoqing,et al.The Spatial Information Description and Visualization Based on SVG[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2005,34(1):58-63.(李清泉,谢志颖,左小清,等.基于SVG的空间信息描述与可视化表达[J].测绘学报,2005,34(1):58-63.)
[4]MA Lan.Analysis of Professional Box Type Structure Design Software[J].Printing Technology,2006(21):11-13.(马兰.解析专业盒型结构设计软件[J].印刷技术,2006(21):11-13.)
[5]QIN Lian.Accurate Drawing Skill of Floor Plan in Illustrator[J].Digital Printing,2008(8):55-56.(秦练.Illustrator平面图形精确绘制技术[J].数码印刷,2008(8):55-56.)
[6]YANG Jianhong.Illustrator in the Output of the Image File Format[J].Journal of Yichun University,2011,33(4):66-67.(杨建宏.Illustrator中图像文件格式的输出[J].宜春学院学报,2011,33(4):66-67.)
[7]CHENG Zhigang,WANG Jingyu,LIU Jingzhen,et al.Database and Drawing Production Integration Strategy Based on MAPGIS[J].Geomatics Technology and Equipment,2012(4):46.(程志刚,王景雨,刘静祯,等.基于MAPGIS的建库与制图一体化生产策略[J].测绘技术装备,2012(4):46.)
[8]JI Huifeng,MA Mingzhou,XU Aigong.Design and Implementation of Urban Traffic Geographical Information System Based on ArcGIS[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science Edition,2009,28(3):370-372.(计会凤,马明舟,徐爱功.基于ArcGIS城市交通地理信息系统的设计与实现[J].辽宁工程技术大学:自然科学版,2009,28(3):370-372.)
[9]QI Huabin,AI Tinghua,HU Ke.Construction of Symbol Database and Implementation of Visualization Based on ArcGIS[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2003,(1):14-17.(祁华斌,艾廷华,胡珂.基于ArcGIS的地图符号库建立及符号化实施[J].测绘通报,2003,(1):14-17.)
[10]WANG Lixin,ZHU Wei.The Design and Realization of Utilizing 1∶50 000DLG Database to Make Topographic Map Based on ArcGIS[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2008(5):58-61.(王立新,朱伟.基于Arc GIS的1∶5万DLG数据库生成地形图的设计与实现[J].测绘通报,2008(5):58-61.)
[11]HUANG Haiwen.The Technique Research of Applying Combinational Object in the Cartographic System[D].Zhengzhou:The Information Engineering University,2007.(黄海文.地图制图系统中组合式对象的应用技术研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2007.)
[12]WANG Hua.The Research on Factors Affecting Data Quality of 1∶250 000Joint Operation Maps and Inspect Methods[D].Zhengzhou:The Information Engineering University,2004.(王华.1∶25万协同图数据成果质量影响因素及检查方法研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2004.)
[13]XUAN Zhuxiang.The Prepress Quality Control of Map Publishing[J].Printing Technology,2001(28):37-40.(宣柱香.地图出版的印前质量控制[J].印刷技术,2001(28):37-40.)
[14]Adobe Systems Incorporated.PDF Reference[EB/OL].(2003-09-25)[2014-08-17].http:∥partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/pdf/PDF Reference.pdf.
[15]Adobe System Incorporated.Adobe Portable Document Format Reference Manual[EB/OL].(2006-08-29)[2014-05-13].http:∥acroeng.adobe.com/PDF Reference/PDF%20Reference%201.0.pdf.
[16]CARSON T,BAKER D L,BUFKIN M.Adobe?Acrobat?and PDF for Architecture,Engineering,and Construction[M].London:Springer-Verlag,2006:207.
[17]Adobe Systems.Acrobat Hug-in Tutorial[EB/OL].http:∥pacmers.adobe.com/asn/developer/acrosdk/docs/getstart/HuginTutorial.pdf,2001.
[18]KONG Lingjun,YAO Haigen.Postscript Language and Format[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science Technology Press,2004:212-286.(孔玲君,姚海根.页面描述语言与格式[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2004:212-286.)
[19]QIN Kuan,JIA Yueling,YANG Junjie.Multi-Scale Displaying Technique of Electronic Maps Based-on Perceiving Generalization[J].Geomatics Technology and Equipment,2007,9(1):20-22.(秦宽,贾月玲,杨俊杰.基于感受综合的电子地图多尺度显示技术[J].测绘技术装备,2007,9(1):20-22.)
[20]AI Tinghua,CHENG Jianguo.Key Issues of Multi-Scale Representation of Spatial Data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2005,30(5):377-382.(艾廷华,成建国.对空间数据多尺度表达有关问题的思考[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(5):377-382.)