中文双字词中的语法类别效应

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• 英文论文题名：Grammatical Category Effect of Chinese Disyllabic Nouns
• 论文作者：宫文潇 ; 吕勇 ; 夏全胜
• 英文论文作者：GongWenXiao ; LvYong ; XiaQuanSheng ; Academy of Psychology and Behavior ; Tianjin Normal University ; School of Literature Nankai University
• 年：2015
• 作者机构：天津师范大学心理与行为研究院;南开大学文学院;
• 论文关键词：语法类别效应 ; 中文双字词 ; 词素 ; 偏正结构
• 英文论文关键词：grammatical effect ; Chinese disyllabic compounds ; morpheme ; subordinate
• 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
• 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
• 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
• 语种：中文
• 分类号：B842
• 学会代码：ZGXG
• 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
• 会议地点：中国天津
• 主办单位：中国心理学会
• 学会名称：中国心理学会
• 页数：2
• 文件大小：781k
• 原文格式：D
• 会议级别：全国

摘要

语法类别效应(grammatical category effect)是指,在加工目标词时,受到与目标词语法类别相关的干扰词的影响,研究者认为这体现了在词汇加工过程中语法信息的自动激活。在图-词干扰范式中,完成图片命名任务时,当干扰词与目标词的语法类别一致时(如:背包-汽车)与不一致时(如:背包-学习)相比,被试对目标词的命名更容易受到干扰。由于任务的不同,在启动任务中,结果相反。自发现语法类别效应以来,研究者们通过变换语言的类型、语法的属性、SOA以及实验任务,从不同的方面对其进行了研究。本研究结合中文合成词的特点,采用范畴判断的任务,研究偏正结构的中文双字词加工过程中是否存在语法类别效应。实验以名词+名词(NN,如:天灾)型、名词+动词(NV,如:房租)型、动词+名词(VN,动脉)型三种名词为实验材料,通过要求被试判断靶刺激是否是名词的任务来考察中文双字词加工过程中词素的语法信息的激活情况,以此来研究中文双字词是否有语法类别效应。结果发现,NN型名词加工最快,VN型名词次之,NV型名词加工最慢。实验材料采用的是偏正结构的名词,第二个词素是中心词素,其中NN和VN型名词中心词素和整词都是名词,语法类别一致,加工更快,NV型名词中心词素和整词语法类别不一致,加工更慢,表明中文双字词也存在语法类别效应。
Grammatical category effect means that the progress of target words was influenced by the related grammatical interferences.The reseaechers regard as the automatic activtion of gramma during the words progress.In the picture-word interference paradigm picture naming was faster when picture name and distractor word had the same grammar(e.g.,bag-car) as compared with a difference in grammar(e.g.,bag-study).There is the opposite results in the priming task due to the difference of the task. Since the discovery of grammatical category effect,the researchers studied it by transforming the language,the attributes of the grammar,SOA and the tasks of the experiment. In view of the feature of Chinese compound words,this study expolored if there is grammatical category effect in the progress of Chinese disyllabic compound words or not with the category decision task. We used the noun+noun(NN,e.g.,disaster)、noun+verb(NV,e.g.,rent)、verb+noun(NV,e.g.,artery) as target words to investigate the activition of grammar and the grammatical category effect.Participants are instructed to press two buttons in a device to decide that if the targets is a noun or not.The results showed that the RTs of the NN nouns is the showest,the VN nouns is the second and the NV nouns is the longest.Because the materials of the experiment are subordinates,the second morpheme indicates the main meaning of the word,whereas the first morpheme modifies the second morpheme.The second morpheme's grammar of the NN、VN nouns is coincident with the whole word,this facilitate the progress of the target.However,the NV nouns is the opposite.The result indicates that grammatical category effect of Chinese disyllabic nouns is exist.

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