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秋刀鱼中产胺菌的分离与鉴定
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摘要
生物胺是一类低分子量含氮有机化合物,大多是由于具有氨基酸脱羧酶的微生物对自由氨基酸进行脱羧生成,常存在于食品尤其是蛋白质含量丰富的水产品中。秋刀鱼风味独特、富含多种人体必需的不饱和氨基酸,备受消费者喜爱。生物胺的存在不仅会影响秋刀鱼的品质,还会危害消费者的健康,引起过敏性反应。本研究主要针对秋刀鱼中的产胺菌进行分离,通过改良的Niven's鉴别培养基筛选秋刀鱼中的产胺菌;结合高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析产胺菌株的产胺能力。采用16S rDNA基因序列法对产胺菌进行同源性分析,VITEK 2 Compact system进行生理生化分析。试验结果表明,从秋刀鱼体内分离得到11株产胺菌,依次为Morganella morganii、Klebsiella oxytoca、Citrobacter freundii、Kluyvera ascorbata、Enterobacter gergoviae、Kluyvera intermedia、Hafnia alvei、Providencia alcalifaciens、Proteus penneri、Proteus vulgaris和Raoultella planticola;通过HPLC检测分析,11株产胺菌均具有产腐胺和尸胺的能力。结果提示,秋刀鱼中存在多种产胺菌,今后可以通过抑制产胺菌的生长繁殖,从而控制秋刀鱼中生物胺的含量。
Biogenic amines(BAs) are low molecular weight organic nitrogenous compounds.BAs can be found in many foods especially in seafood which arefull of protein and amino acid and are mainly produced by microbial decarboxylation of free amino acids.Saury is very popular among people due to its unique flavor and rich in essential unsaturated acids.However,the existence of BAs will not only decrease its quality value,but also have a bad effect on human health such as allergic reactions.This study focuses on BAs producing bacteria were isolated and identified in saury.The results shown that a total of eleven biogenic amines producing strains were isolated and purified from saury.They were identified as Morganella morganii,Klebsiella oxytoca,Citrobacter freundii,Kluyvera ascorbata,Enterobacter gergoviae,Kluyvera intermedia,Hafnia alvei,Providencia alcalifaciens,Proteus penneri,Proteus vulgaris and Raoultella planticola;detected by HPLC,11 amine bacteria strains in the research produce putrescine and cadaverine.Restraining the identified strains can help us to control thecontain of biogenic amines.
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