摘要
旅游真实性的研究一直是文化旅游的重要研究内容之一。本文以九寨沟为例,探讨了社区居民对民族歌舞表演的真实性认知。研究认为,在九寨沟,经济因素和文化认同是影响居民对歌舞表演真实性认知的关键因素,而对这两个因素的认知有显著的年龄差异。中青年居民受旅游经济的影响,将经济因素作为真实性评判的首要依据,文化认同居于次要地位;而老年居民则超越了利益关系,将他们对九寨沟传统文化的认同作为判定表演真实性的标准。
Study on authenticity is one of the important fields in cultural tourism research.This paper focused the community's perception on singing and dancing performance.The results show that the economics factor and identity with ethic culture are the most crucial factors to perception of authenticity in Jiuzhaigou tourism destination.In middle age and young local inhabitants,economics factor has priority in judge of authenticity.And identity of traditions is the criterion to judge of authenticity in the elderly because they surpassed the limit of economics.
引文
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(1)这方面可以从各种宣传材料中见到,甚至在专门介绍九寨沟的材料中也是这样。比较有代表性的可参见阳·泽仁布秋:《九寨沟藏族文化散论》,成都,四川民族出版社,2001年;九寨沟官方网站:http://www.jiuzhai.com。
(1)任啸:《自然保护区的社区参与管理模式探索——以九寨沟自然保护区为例》,载《旅游科学》,2005年19卷第3期,第16~20页。
(1)Cohen E:《东南亚的民族旅游》,见杨慧等主编《旅游,人类学与中国社会》,昆明,云南大学出版社,2001年,第1~19页。
(2)彭兆荣:《旅游人类学》,北京,民族出版社,2004年。
(3)菲利浦·F.麦基恩:《走向旅游业的理论分析——巴厘岛经济的双重性和内在文化演变》,见瓦伦·L.史密斯主编《东道主与游客》,昆明,云南大学出版社,2001年,第128~148页。