基于内容特征的干涉图像压缩算法研究
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摘要
成像光谱技术是当今遥感探测常用技术,从20世纪末开始,空间调制干涉成像光谱仪及其应用获得了越来越多的关注和研究。新一代的干涉成像光谱技术带来了具有新特点的图像和数据信息。如何根据干涉成像的特点和应用环境,实现对干涉图像数据的处理压缩,解决庞大的图像数据量和相对不足的传输能力之间的矛盾是本文研究的核心。
     作为论文的理论基础,论文简单的介绍图像压缩的基本理论和干涉图像获取的方法,并分析了干涉图像的特征。干涉图不仅具有谱间相关性,也具有较强空间相关性。
     本论文详细介绍了一种谱间差分压缩干涉图像的方法,该算法能够有效的去除干涉图的谱间相关性,该算法简单、易于硬件实现、压缩效率高,适用范围广,但很难提高压缩比。
     本文提出了两种通过去除空间相关性压缩干涉图像数据的方法,干涉图分类压缩算法和干涉图双差分压缩编码算法。干涉图分类压缩是通过把一幅干涉图中的干涉曲线分类,同类干涉曲线只传输一次,从而减小数据量,达到压缩数据的目的。本文研究了两种对干涉图进行分类的方法,并推导了其阈值计算公式。干涉图双差分编码压缩是通过对干涉图二次差分,去除干涉图像的空间相关性和光谱相关性,达到数据压缩的目的,本文详细介绍了该压缩算法的压缩流程和码流结构,该算法简单、易于硬件实现、压缩效率高,并且是无损压缩。用该算法压缩干涉图,如要取得较高的压缩比,干涉图应具有较强的空间相关性,所以该压缩算法适用于深空或海洋等探测领域。
The imaging spectrometer is widely used in remote sensing detection. Form the end of twentieth century, the spatially modulated Fourier transform imaging spectrometer receives more and more attention .Compared to the ordinary image the interference pattern has it's own characters. Based on the characters of the interference pattern two kinds of algorithm is brought forward in this paper for compressing the interference pattern.
     As the base theory of the dissertation some basic knowledge of image compression is introduced, including how to acquire interference pattern and its charecters of both space correlation and spectral correlation.
     In this paper we introduced image compression algorithm of difference between spectrum to interference pattern. The algorithm is simple, easily hardware implementation, widely use and can effectively reduce spectral correlation. but it is difficult to increase compression ratio.
     The paper presents two compression algorithm of interference pattern: interference pattern classification algorithm and interference pattern space compression encode algorithm. The two algorithms are both compress data by reducing space correlation of interference pattern. In interference pattern classification algorithm , we classify a frame interference pattern by comparing the distance of two strip to specified bound(threshold) in turn. If the distance is lower than threshold ,they belong to the same sort. The choice of the threshold is very important. Here we present two methods of classification and deduce both formulas of each threshold. In the fourth chapter we present the compression flow and code-stream structure of interference pattern space compression encode algorithm in detail. The algorithm is lossless, with the features of simple and easily hardware implementation. The compression ratio of this algorithm is depending space correlation of interference pattern, so it is suitable for deep space and ocean remote sense detection.
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