摘要
虚拟现实技术(Virtual Reality,简称VR)是一种出现于20世纪80年代末的计算机领域的最新技术,它以模拟的方式为使用者创造一个实时反映实体对象变化并与使用者相互作用的三维世界,在视、听、触、摸等感知行为的逼真体验中,使参与者可以获得直接参与以及探索虚拟对象在所处的环境中的作用与变化的感受。虚拟现实技术已在娱乐、医疗、工程和建筑、教育和培训、军事模拟、科学和金融可视化等方面获得了应用,是21世纪广泛应用的一种新技术。
在教育领域,虚拟现实技术也具有广泛的作用和影响。它为学生提供生动、逼真的学习环境,使学生成为虚拟学习环境的一名参与者,这对调动学生的学习积极性,突破教学的重点、难点,培养学生的技能都将起到积极的作用。随着微型计算机的性能迅速增强,使在教学、科普教育和技术研究领域中应用虚拟现实成为可能。如何在课堂教学中创建虚拟现实课件,使学生在课堂教学中体验虚拟现实的乐趣,将成为一个重要的研究课题。
基于VR的多媒体课件是多媒体课件与VR技术的结合,在多媒体课件中应用虚拟现实技术必将成为多媒体教学课件的主要发展方向。本文通过对VRML虚拟现实技术的分析,结合摄影技术课程教学中存在的问题,开发了摄影构图虚拟现实实例,从而得出了利用VRML开发虚拟现实的一般步骤和过程。
本文共分五章,主要讲述了三个方面的内容:第一章和第二章主要介绍虚拟现实技术基本概念和虚拟现实技术开发工具VRML;第三章主要分析了当前摄影技术课程在多媒体教学中存在的不足以及摄影构图实例开发的可行性;第四章和第五章是重点,在第四章中,深入的探讨了利用VRML开发工具开发摄影构图实例的详细过程,以及在课堂教学中的应用方法。接下来在第五章中,对第四章给出案例的制作过程进行了详细的论述,解释了一般虚拟现实应用的开发过程。
最后对虚拟现实技术的应用进行了小结,同时对虚拟现实技术的发展进行了展望。
Virtual Reality (VR), which first appeared in the end of 1980s, is one of the latest technologies in the field of computer. By means of imitation, It provides the users with a three-dimensional space which reflects the changes of the substances and interaction with the users. By experiencing the real senses such as vision, hearing, touching and feeling, the users can acquire the directly active feeling and the kind of feeling when they explore the function and change of the virtual reality object in its own surroundings. VR has been applied in entertainment, medicine, engineering and architecture, education and training, military analogue, science and finance. It is a technology which is widely applied in 21st century.
In the education field, VR has also widespread function and influence. It can provide the students with vivid and lively study environment, and make the students participate in the virtual environment, which will play an active role in stimulating their interests in studying, in overcoming the main and knotty problem of teaching and in cultivating the students' skills. Recently as the microcomputers have increased their functions rapidly and VR has developed swiftly, it is possible to apply virtual reality in the field of teaching, popular science education and technical research. That how to create the VR courseware and make students enjoy the VR in the classroom teaching will become an important research topic for us.
Based on the VR multi-media courseware are the integration of multi-media courseware and virtual reality, it will become the main development direction of teaching multi-media software. This article has analysed the virtual reality technology on basis of VRML, has combined with the problems which is in the process of Camera technique curriculum teaching and has developed the cases of photographic composition on virtual reality , thus the paper has obtained the general steps and the process of how to make use of VRML.
This paper is divided into five chapters, and it mainly introduces three aspects: Chapters I and II introduce the basic concepts of virtual reality and virtual reality technology exploiture tools --VRML; Chapter III analyses the deficiency of photography course using in multi-media teaching and the feasibility of the case development about photography composition. Chapters IV and V are the key point in this paper, the fourth chapter gives a in-depth discuss of detailed process about how to develop photography composition case and gives the application methods in the process of classroom-teaching by using VRML development tools. Then in the fifth chapter, this paper gives a detailed dissertation about the making process of the case given in the fourth chapter and explains the general empoldering process in the application of virtual reality.
Finally it gives a brief summary to the virtual reality application process, at the same time, and an outlook on the future of the virtual reality technology's development in the paper is carried on.
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