IPTV性能测量系统的设计与实现
摘要
互联网正在以一种前所未有的方式和力量影响着人们的生活。其中,IPTV(交互式网络电视)迅速发展,离人们的生活越来越近。要想提供优质的IPTV服务,就需要借助相应的性能测量系统对承载网和IPTV业务系统进行监测和管理。
传统的网络测量技术因为没有考虑到IPTV的特殊性,所以存在一定的缺陷。本文提出一种嵌入了真实播放环境的IPTV性能测量系统的框架。由于测试使用真实的媒体流,所以测量结果更准确;由于测量系统对解码的过程进行分析,所以测量指标更全面。
系统的灵活性是设计IPTV性能测量系统时考虑的主要问题。分层的设计使系统在运行环境上有跨平台和跨IP协议版本的特性,这使系统非常容易部署和运行;松散的设计使系统在测量模式上支持点对点测量、点对多点测量,并且对将来可能出现的新模式比如多跳转发测量能够很好的适应;测量系统还充分利用现有研究成果,使用编解码库FFMPEG和绘图库SDL一方面简化了开发工作量,另一方面使系统得以支持多种视频编码方式。
本文首先对IPTV应用的现状进行了分析,指出IPTV性能测量系统的重要意义。然后对IPTV性能测量系统依赖的主要技术进行了介绍,其中包括视频编解码技术和网络测量技术。接下来对系统架构进行了分析,确定了IPTV性能测量系统的实现目标、性能测量指标和适用场景。随后对各个子系统及其交互和协作进行了详细的设计。接着讨论了系统的实现,包括开发环境等细节问题,以及各种测量指标的获取技术。最后,对IPTV性能测量系统进行了测试和试验分析,证明本系统功能完整、测量参数准确,可靠性好。
The Internet is making impact on people's lives in an unprecedented manner and strength. Among them, IPTV is an attractive technology. To provide good IPTV services, corresponding performance measurement system is needed to monitor and manage the IPTV system and its carrying network.
The special nature of IPTV is not considered in traditional network measurement technologies, so there are some flaws of these measurements. This paper presents an IPTV measurement system framework embedded with a real playing environment. Because real streaming media are applied, measurement results become more accurate. The measurement system also analysis the decoding process, makes the measurement parameters more comprehensive.
The flexibility is a major consideration in the design phase. Stratified system design gives the system the characteristics of cross-platform and cross-IP protocol version, which make the system very easy to deploy and operation. Loosed design gives the system the ability to support peer-to-peer mode measurement, point-to-multipoint measurement, and new measurement models such as multi-Jump measurement. The use of FFMPEG and SDL library on the one hand can simplify the development workload; on the other hand allow the system to support various video encoding.
This paper first analyzed the current status and the application of IPTV, indicates that the IPTV performance measurement system is of great importance. Then, the main techniques relied by IPTV were introduced, including video codec technology and network measurement technology. Next, the system architecture and application scenarios are analyzed. Performance measurement parameters are also listed here. Subsequently, all the subsystems and the Interactivities and collaborations of subsystems are carefully designed. Based on the design, this paper discussed the implementation of the system, including details of the development environment and the detailed parameter fetching technology. Finally, the testing of the IPTV performance measurement system proves that the system has complete functionality, accurate measuring facility, and good performance.
传统的网络测量技术因为没有考虑到IPTV的特殊性,所以存在一定的缺陷。本文提出一种嵌入了真实播放环境的IPTV性能测量系统的框架。由于测试使用真实的媒体流,所以测量结果更准确;由于测量系统对解码的过程进行分析,所以测量指标更全面。
系统的灵活性是设计IPTV性能测量系统时考虑的主要问题。分层的设计使系统在运行环境上有跨平台和跨IP协议版本的特性,这使系统非常容易部署和运行;松散的设计使系统在测量模式上支持点对点测量、点对多点测量,并且对将来可能出现的新模式比如多跳转发测量能够很好的适应;测量系统还充分利用现有研究成果,使用编解码库FFMPEG和绘图库SDL一方面简化了开发工作量,另一方面使系统得以支持多种视频编码方式。
本文首先对IPTV应用的现状进行了分析,指出IPTV性能测量系统的重要意义。然后对IPTV性能测量系统依赖的主要技术进行了介绍,其中包括视频编解码技术和网络测量技术。接下来对系统架构进行了分析,确定了IPTV性能测量系统的实现目标、性能测量指标和适用场景。随后对各个子系统及其交互和协作进行了详细的设计。接着讨论了系统的实现,包括开发环境等细节问题,以及各种测量指标的获取技术。最后,对IPTV性能测量系统进行了测试和试验分析,证明本系统功能完整、测量参数准确,可靠性好。
The Internet is making impact on people's lives in an unprecedented manner and strength. Among them, IPTV is an attractive technology. To provide good IPTV services, corresponding performance measurement system is needed to monitor and manage the IPTV system and its carrying network.
The special nature of IPTV is not considered in traditional network measurement technologies, so there are some flaws of these measurements. This paper presents an IPTV measurement system framework embedded with a real playing environment. Because real streaming media are applied, measurement results become more accurate. The measurement system also analysis the decoding process, makes the measurement parameters more comprehensive.
The flexibility is a major consideration in the design phase. Stratified system design gives the system the characteristics of cross-platform and cross-IP protocol version, which make the system very easy to deploy and operation. Loosed design gives the system the ability to support peer-to-peer mode measurement, point-to-multipoint measurement, and new measurement models such as multi-Jump measurement. The use of FFMPEG and SDL library on the one hand can simplify the development workload; on the other hand allow the system to support various video encoding.
This paper first analyzed the current status and the application of IPTV, indicates that the IPTV performance measurement system is of great importance. Then, the main techniques relied by IPTV were introduced, including video codec technology and network measurement technology. Next, the system architecture and application scenarios are analyzed. Performance measurement parameters are also listed here. Subsequently, all the subsystems and the Interactivities and collaborations of subsystems are carefully designed. Based on the design, this paper discussed the implementation of the system, including details of the development environment and the detailed parameter fetching technology. Finally, the testing of the IPTV performance measurement system proves that the system has complete functionality, accurate measuring facility, and good performance.
引文
[1].ISMA Workshops.Intemet Statistic and Metrics Analysis[DB/OL].http://www.caida.org/outreach/isma/9602/
[2].Paxson V.Measurement and Analysis of End-to-End Intemet Dynamics[D].Berkeley:Univ of California,Berkeley,1997
[3].王洪波,林宇,金跃辉等“在网络测量中检测时钟重置的方法”中华人民共和国专利申请200310100153.5 2003年10月
[4].M.Jain and C.Dovrolis,"End-to-End Available Bandwidth:Measurement Methodology,Dynamics,and Relation with TCP Throughput",In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM'02,Pittsburgh(Pennsylvania),USA,Aug.19-23,2002
[5].吴晓霞“分布式网络测量管理平台的设计与实现”[学位论文]北京邮电大学,北京邮电大学图书馆,2007年3月
[6].余兆明等“图像编码标准H.264技术”人民邮电出版社2006年
[7].许永明等“IPTV——技术与应用实践”电子工业出版社2006年
[8].K.R.Rao等 "Multimedia Communication Systems"电子工业出版社2004年
[9].Iain E.G.Richardson "H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression" Wiley 2003
[10].H.Schulzrinne,GMD Fokus,S.Casner,RFC1889,"RTP:ATransport Protocol for Real-Time Applications" 1996
[11].W.Richard Stevens "TCP/IP Illustrated Volume 1:The Protocols" 机械工业出版社,2007年11月
[2].Paxson V.Measurement and Analysis of End-to-End Intemet Dynamics[D].Berkeley:Univ of California,Berkeley,1997
[3].王洪波,林宇,金跃辉等“在网络测量中检测时钟重置的方法”中华人民共和国专利申请200310100153.5 2003年10月
[4].M.Jain and C.Dovrolis,"End-to-End Available Bandwidth:Measurement Methodology,Dynamics,and Relation with TCP Throughput",In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM'02,Pittsburgh(Pennsylvania),USA,Aug.19-23,2002
[5].吴晓霞“分布式网络测量管理平台的设计与实现”[学位论文]北京邮电大学,北京邮电大学图书馆,2007年3月
[6].余兆明等“图像编码标准H.264技术”人民邮电出版社2006年
[7].许永明等“IPTV——技术与应用实践”电子工业出版社2006年
[8].K.R.Rao等 "Multimedia Communication Systems"电子工业出版社2004年
[9].Iain E.G.Richardson "H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression" Wiley 2003
[10].H.Schulzrinne,GMD Fokus,S.Casner,RFC1889,"RTP:ATransport Protocol for Real-Time Applications" 1996
[11].W.Richard Stevens "TCP/IP Illustrated Volume 1:The Protocols" 机械工业出版社,2007年11月