高科技园区交通特性和合理路网密度
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摘要
我国高科技园区发展建设的近20年里,缺少对高科技园区的交通出行特性、路网规划指标等方面的深入系统的研究。路网密度指标一般套用城市道路规划指标,从实际使用效果来看指标偏高,致使园区内许多道路闲置严重;另外,园区内的主次干道也安排得不尽合理,没有很好地与各类用地的交通需求及出行规律相匹配,从而有的地方道路过宽过密,造成浪费,有的地方又过疏,影响园区正常的运作。
本研究以长沙市麓谷高科技园为依托,从概括高科技园区的特点及调查园区内的各类交通出行开始,针对高新园区的交通特性及路网密度作了如下研究:
(1)分析建成园区现状路网交通特性,了解现状路网交通情况,评价了园区内现状道路上的交通流时空变化规律及路网的的交通服务水平状况。
(2)在调查园区相同样本企业、居民小区、公共设施等交通出行及各项相关基本指标的基础上,通过采用聚类分析、回归分析等方法,建立了高科技园区内各类用地的高峰小时交通量预测模型。
(3)根据国家的相关标准、规范和麓谷高科技园区规划文件,确定园区内产生交通的用地类别,并根据建立的交通量预测模型,计算园区规划期内总的高峰小时交通量。
(4)根据各类道路的功能、交通流的特性及用地的性质,为麓谷园区规划期内产生的总高峰小时交通量分配符合服务水平要求的道路网,从而得到高科技园区合理的路网密度。
In nearly two decades, some important traffic indexes including transit trip characteristic and network planning didn't be studied in-depth and systematically, with the construction and development of science park. Apply mechanically urban road planning index, network density index is high from application effect, making uncheck construction of urban transportation infrastructure facilities. On the other hand, unreasonable arrangement of major and minor lines don't match with traffic demand and trip rule of various lands; some roads are too wide and density too high resulting in idle; network density is too low in some high-tech zones that regular operation of traffic is affected.
Based on the research of network density in Lugu science park in changsha, the author summarized the feature and surveyed the traffic trip from the beginning. Some researches are done as follows:
(1) Analyzing current network traffic characteristic and traffic condition of science park; Evaluating the traffic space-time variation law and level of service on current network.
(2) Building the peak hour traffic volume prediction model of various lands in the zone by clustering analysis and regression analysis based on investigating related basic indexes of traffic trip about enterprise, residential district and public facilities.
(3) Determining the land category which generate traffic trip according to national standard and planning document of Lugu science park; Calculating the total peak hour traffic in planning period according to peak hour traffic volume prediction model.
(4) Determining reasonable network density through arranging total peak hour traffic generating in planning period to desirable network, according to road function, traffic characteristic and land character.
本研究以长沙市麓谷高科技园为依托,从概括高科技园区的特点及调查园区内的各类交通出行开始,针对高新园区的交通特性及路网密度作了如下研究:
(1)分析建成园区现状路网交通特性,了解现状路网交通情况,评价了园区内现状道路上的交通流时空变化规律及路网的的交通服务水平状况。
(2)在调查园区相同样本企业、居民小区、公共设施等交通出行及各项相关基本指标的基础上,通过采用聚类分析、回归分析等方法,建立了高科技园区内各类用地的高峰小时交通量预测模型。
(3)根据国家的相关标准、规范和麓谷高科技园区规划文件,确定园区内产生交通的用地类别,并根据建立的交通量预测模型,计算园区规划期内总的高峰小时交通量。
(4)根据各类道路的功能、交通流的特性及用地的性质,为麓谷园区规划期内产生的总高峰小时交通量分配符合服务水平要求的道路网,从而得到高科技园区合理的路网密度。
In nearly two decades, some important traffic indexes including transit trip characteristic and network planning didn't be studied in-depth and systematically, with the construction and development of science park. Apply mechanically urban road planning index, network density index is high from application effect, making uncheck construction of urban transportation infrastructure facilities. On the other hand, unreasonable arrangement of major and minor lines don't match with traffic demand and trip rule of various lands; some roads are too wide and density too high resulting in idle; network density is too low in some high-tech zones that regular operation of traffic is affected.
Based on the research of network density in Lugu science park in changsha, the author summarized the feature and surveyed the traffic trip from the beginning. Some researches are done as follows:
(1) Analyzing current network traffic characteristic and traffic condition of science park; Evaluating the traffic space-time variation law and level of service on current network.
(2) Building the peak hour traffic volume prediction model of various lands in the zone by clustering analysis and regression analysis based on investigating related basic indexes of traffic trip about enterprise, residential district and public facilities.
(3) Determining the land category which generate traffic trip according to national standard and planning document of Lugu science park; Calculating the total peak hour traffic in planning period according to peak hour traffic volume prediction model.
(4) Determining reasonable network density through arranging total peak hour traffic generating in planning period to desirable network, according to road function, traffic characteristic and land character.
引文
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[2]Yang H,Bell M G.Models and Algorithm for Road Network Design.Transport Reviews,1998,18(3):257-278
[3]Caliper Corporation.TransCAD-Transportation GIS Software User's Guide.Massachusetts:Caliper Corporation,2004,4-15
[4]Caliper Corporation.TransCAD-Transportation GIS Software Travel Demand Modeling with TransCAD 4.7.Massachusetts:Caliper Corporation,2004,6-22
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[6]刘树义.城市道路交通需求预测系统研究与应用:[武汉理工大学硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2005,8-13
[7]王朝英.昆明城市交通分配模型研究及应用:[昆明理工大学硕士学位论文].昆明:昆明理工大学,2004,6-18
[8]张福勇.三大交通规划软件的比较分析研究:[长安大学硕士学位论文].西安:长安大学,2004,1-10
[9]孙燕燕.基于TransCAD的城市公交线网优化方法研究及应用:[吉林大学硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学,2004,6-23
[10]刘镇阳,张秀媛,徐进等.城市智能公共交通系统.北京:中国铁道出版社,2005,12-20
[11]王英杰,袁勘省,李天文.交通GIS及其在ITS中的应用.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004,23-29
[12]杨新苗.基于GIS的标准公交基础信息系统.标准化工作,2001,4(5):25-29
[13]金治富.道路交通规划与组织.北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2004,32-38
[14]任福田等译.美国交通研究委员会专题报告209号道路通行能力手册.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990,110-125
[15]Zhong-Ren Peng.A Methodology for Design a GIS-based Automatic Transit Traveler Information System.Compute Environ and Urban Systems,1997,21(5):58-62
[16]Srinvas S Pulugurtha,Shashi S Nambisan.Estimating Time Dependent O-D Trip Tables During Peak Periods.Journal of Advanced Transportation,2000,34(3): 369-389
[17]吕连恩.OD流拟合体系改进研究:[长安大学硕士学位论文].西安:长安大学,2004,8-16
[18]WONG S C,TONG C O.Estimation of Time-Dependent Origin-Destination Matrices for Transit Network.Transportation Research B,1998,32(1):34-48
[19]徐慰慈.城市交通规划论.上海:同济大学出版社,1998,23-38
[20]刘灿齐.现代交通规划学.北京:人民交通出版社.2001,133-139
[21]毛保华,曾会欣,袁振洲.交通规划理论模型及其应用.北京:中国铁道出版社,1999,43-59
[22]张轶,赵彦庆.城市公交地理信息系统中的线路规划模型.测绘信息与工程,2003,28(4):29-31
[23]武汉市城市建设学院规划设计院交通所湛江市城建设计室.湛江市公共交通规划.武汉:武汉市城市建设学院,1997,34-51
[24]王炜,杨新苗,陈学武等.城市公共交通系统规划方法与管理技术.北京:科学出版社,2002,40-60
[25]武汉市交通科学研究所.武汉市城市公共交通专项规划.武汉:武汉市交通科学研究所.2005,61-72
[26]Yang H,Bell M G.Models and Algorithm for Road Network Design.Transport Reviews,1998,18(3):256-278
[27]邹志云.城市公交规划模型及应用研究:[湖南大学硕士学位论文].长沙:湖南大学,2000,12-23
[28]王元庆,周伟,吕连恩.道路阻抗函数理论与应用研究.公路交通科技,2004,21(9):82-85
[29]刘树义,严新平,徐堃等.重力分布模型在TransCAD中的应用研究.交通与计算机,2005,23(1):63-67
[30]马骥,裴玉龙.TransCAD软件在城市交通规划中的开发与应用.哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2002,35(5):118-122
[31]陈宝林.最优化理论与算法.北京:清华大学出版社,1989,473-478
[32]武汉市交通科学研究所.长沙市公共交通规划.武汉:武汉市交通科学研究所,2003.14-32
[33]PENG Z R,NEBERT D.An Internet Based GIS Data Access System.Journal of Urban and Regional Information Systems,1997,9(1):20-30
[34]ZHAN F B,NOON C E.Shortest Path Algorithms an Evaluation using Real Road Networks.Transportation Science,1998,32(1):64-73
[35]WH K Lam.Astochastic User Equilibrium Assignment Model for Congested Transit Networks.Transportation Research,1999,33(2):82-89
[36]李曙光,苏彦民.基于GIS的城市公交路网最优路线算法研究.中国公路学报,2003,3(7):83-86
[37]FU L F,RILETT L R.Estimating of Time Dependent Stochastic Route Travel Times using Artificial Neural Networks.Transportation Planning and Technology,2000,24(3):24-4B
[38]王炜,曲大义,朱中.城市交通网络综合平衡交通分配模型研究.东南大学学报(自然科学版),2000,30(1):116-120
[39]李旭宏.道路交通规划.南京:东南大学出版社,1998,28-56
[40]Maurizio Bielli.Genetic Algorithms in Bus Network Optimization.Transportation Research,2002,10(4):132-140
[41]李硕,易武.长沙县公交规划客流预测与TransCAD应用.科学技术与工程,2005,5(19):1352-1353
[42]李硕,邹志云.公交综合发展水平评价灰色聚类分析方法.武汉交通科技大学学报,2000,24(1):38-41
[43]赵淑芝,匡星,张树山等.基于TransCAD的城市公交网络可达性指标及其应用.交通运输系统工程与信息,2005,5(2):54-58
[44]李硕.动态交通网络模型及其应用.上海:同济大学出版社,2005,54-67
[45]王宝辉,杨东援.借助GIS技术计算公交覆盖率的方法研究.交通与计算机,1999,17(5):53-55
[46]李硕.公共交通线路网优化设计的一种方法.上海机械学院学报,1983,4(4):23-36
[47]李琼星.城市公交线网规划研究:[湖南大学硕士学位论文].长沙:湖南大学,2002,52-57
[48]李硕,周义武,唐叔梅等.株洲市综合交通规划设计与研究.长沙:湖南大学,1990,38-47
[49]David.Using Desktop GIS for the Investigation of Accessibility by Public Transport an Isochronal Approach.Geographical Information Science,2000,14(1):52-57
[50]陆化普.交通规划理论与方法.北京:清华大学出版社,1998,48-72
[2]Yang H,Bell M G.Models and Algorithm for Road Network Design.Transport Reviews,1998,18(3):257-278
[3]Caliper Corporation.TransCAD-Transportation GIS Software User's Guide.Massachusetts:Caliper Corporation,2004,4-15
[4]Caliper Corporation.TransCAD-Transportation GIS Software Travel Demand Modeling with TransCAD 4.7.Massachusetts:Caliper Corporation,2004,6-22
[5]中华人民共和国交通部.城市道路交通规划设计规范(GB50220-95).北京:中国计划出版社,1995,3-6
[6]刘树义.城市道路交通需求预测系统研究与应用:[武汉理工大学硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2005,8-13
[7]王朝英.昆明城市交通分配模型研究及应用:[昆明理工大学硕士学位论文].昆明:昆明理工大学,2004,6-18
[8]张福勇.三大交通规划软件的比较分析研究:[长安大学硕士学位论文].西安:长安大学,2004,1-10
[9]孙燕燕.基于TransCAD的城市公交线网优化方法研究及应用:[吉林大学硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学,2004,6-23
[10]刘镇阳,张秀媛,徐进等.城市智能公共交通系统.北京:中国铁道出版社,2005,12-20
[11]王英杰,袁勘省,李天文.交通GIS及其在ITS中的应用.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004,23-29
[12]杨新苗.基于GIS的标准公交基础信息系统.标准化工作,2001,4(5):25-29
[13]金治富.道路交通规划与组织.北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2004,32-38
[14]任福田等译.美国交通研究委员会专题报告209号道路通行能力手册.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990,110-125
[15]Zhong-Ren Peng.A Methodology for Design a GIS-based Automatic Transit Traveler Information System.Compute Environ and Urban Systems,1997,21(5):58-62
[16]Srinvas S Pulugurtha,Shashi S Nambisan.Estimating Time Dependent O-D Trip Tables During Peak Periods.Journal of Advanced Transportation,2000,34(3): 369-389
[17]吕连恩.OD流拟合体系改进研究:[长安大学硕士学位论文].西安:长安大学,2004,8-16
[18]WONG S C,TONG C O.Estimation of Time-Dependent Origin-Destination Matrices for Transit Network.Transportation Research B,1998,32(1):34-48
[19]徐慰慈.城市交通规划论.上海:同济大学出版社,1998,23-38
[20]刘灿齐.现代交通规划学.北京:人民交通出版社.2001,133-139
[21]毛保华,曾会欣,袁振洲.交通规划理论模型及其应用.北京:中国铁道出版社,1999,43-59
[22]张轶,赵彦庆.城市公交地理信息系统中的线路规划模型.测绘信息与工程,2003,28(4):29-31
[23]武汉市城市建设学院规划设计院交通所湛江市城建设计室.湛江市公共交通规划.武汉:武汉市城市建设学院,1997,34-51
[24]王炜,杨新苗,陈学武等.城市公共交通系统规划方法与管理技术.北京:科学出版社,2002,40-60
[25]武汉市交通科学研究所.武汉市城市公共交通专项规划.武汉:武汉市交通科学研究所.2005,61-72
[26]Yang H,Bell M G.Models and Algorithm for Road Network Design.Transport Reviews,1998,18(3):256-278
[27]邹志云.城市公交规划模型及应用研究:[湖南大学硕士学位论文].长沙:湖南大学,2000,12-23
[28]王元庆,周伟,吕连恩.道路阻抗函数理论与应用研究.公路交通科技,2004,21(9):82-85
[29]刘树义,严新平,徐堃等.重力分布模型在TransCAD中的应用研究.交通与计算机,2005,23(1):63-67
[30]马骥,裴玉龙.TransCAD软件在城市交通规划中的开发与应用.哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2002,35(5):118-122
[31]陈宝林.最优化理论与算法.北京:清华大学出版社,1989,473-478
[32]武汉市交通科学研究所.长沙市公共交通规划.武汉:武汉市交通科学研究所,2003.14-32
[33]PENG Z R,NEBERT D.An Internet Based GIS Data Access System.Journal of Urban and Regional Information Systems,1997,9(1):20-30
[34]ZHAN F B,NOON C E.Shortest Path Algorithms an Evaluation using Real Road Networks.Transportation Science,1998,32(1):64-73
[35]WH K Lam.Astochastic User Equilibrium Assignment Model for Congested Transit Networks.Transportation Research,1999,33(2):82-89
[36]李曙光,苏彦民.基于GIS的城市公交路网最优路线算法研究.中国公路学报,2003,3(7):83-86
[37]FU L F,RILETT L R.Estimating of Time Dependent Stochastic Route Travel Times using Artificial Neural Networks.Transportation Planning and Technology,2000,24(3):24-4B
[38]王炜,曲大义,朱中.城市交通网络综合平衡交通分配模型研究.东南大学学报(自然科学版),2000,30(1):116-120
[39]李旭宏.道路交通规划.南京:东南大学出版社,1998,28-56
[40]Maurizio Bielli.Genetic Algorithms in Bus Network Optimization.Transportation Research,2002,10(4):132-140
[41]李硕,易武.长沙县公交规划客流预测与TransCAD应用.科学技术与工程,2005,5(19):1352-1353
[42]李硕,邹志云.公交综合发展水平评价灰色聚类分析方法.武汉交通科技大学学报,2000,24(1):38-41
[43]赵淑芝,匡星,张树山等.基于TransCAD的城市公交网络可达性指标及其应用.交通运输系统工程与信息,2005,5(2):54-58
[44]李硕.动态交通网络模型及其应用.上海:同济大学出版社,2005,54-67
[45]王宝辉,杨东援.借助GIS技术计算公交覆盖率的方法研究.交通与计算机,1999,17(5):53-55
[46]李硕.公共交通线路网优化设计的一种方法.上海机械学院学报,1983,4(4):23-36
[47]李琼星.城市公交线网规划研究:[湖南大学硕士学位论文].长沙:湖南大学,2002,52-57
[48]李硕,周义武,唐叔梅等.株洲市综合交通规划设计与研究.长沙:湖南大学,1990,38-47
[49]David.Using Desktop GIS for the Investigation of Accessibility by Public Transport an Isochronal Approach.Geographical Information Science,2000,14(1):52-57
[50]陆化普.交通规划理论与方法.北京:清华大学出版社,1998,48-72
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