摘要
计算机技术发展到今天，嵌入式系统的应用越来越广泛：嵌入式计算机在
应用数量上远远超过了各种通用计算机，一台通用计算机的外部设备中就包含
了5-10个嵌入式微处理器。而随着网络技术日新月异的发展，各种网络器件成
为嵌入式系统新的应用。微处理器产生后，价格低廉、结构小巧的CPU和外设
连接提供了稳定可靠的硬件架构。20世纪90年代，ARM 32位嵌入式RISC处
理器扩展到世界范围，占据了低功耗、低成本和高性能的嵌入式系统应用领域
的领先地位。
Linux因其可应用于多种硬件平台；是免费软件，源代码可以得到；微内
核，本身内置网络支持和高度模块化等优点，非常适合做嵌入式开发的操作系
统。uClinux是Linux的一个分支，是专为没有MMU(内存管理单元)的CPU
而设计的。
本论文主要研究了基于ARM的嵌入式Linux开发。这个研究开发是在实
践的基础上完成的，设计了以三星ARM7TDMI CPU为核心的嵌入式硬件系统，
并在此基础上嵌入uClinux系统，在uClinux系统上可以开发各种应用，本文还
研究了其中一个应用--嵌入式web服务器，该Web服务器采用HTTP协议。
我们已经成功地解决了ARM的开发难题，研究了ARM的开发方案，以及uClinux
针对ARM的移植难题，这在嵌入式系统研究领域，有较高的实践和研究价值。
我们所研究的这个嵌入式系统具有低成本，高效率的特点，值得推广。最后，
本论文对所做的工作进行了总结并且展望了本嵌入式系统的其他应用。
With the rapid development of computer technology,embedded system is more and more widely used. By now,embedded computer system is much more than common computer in quantity,there are about 5-10 microprocessor in the peripheral equipment of a computer. At the mean time,lots of network equipments become the new application environment of embedded system since the progressively development of network technology. The cheap and powerful microprocessors and various kinds of peripheral equipments have made the hardware frames of all kinds of embedded applications stable and reliable. Since 1990s,ARM which is 32-bit embedded RISC microprocessor,has been spread to the range of the world,and occupied in the field of application of low consumption,low cost and high performance embedded system.
Because it's excellent kernel design and application performance,Linux is running on many kinds of hardware. Linux also owns other merits such as its free source code,its inherit networking functions and its modularization design in kernel. Therefore Linux is very suitable to be the operate system of embedded system. uClinux is a branch of embedded Linux. And it is designed for NO-MMU CPU.
In this thesis,the embedded Linux system based on ARM has been developed. The embedded hardware system was designed taking Samsung ARM7TDMI CPU as the core. And a small uClinux system is embedded into this hardware system. Various kinds of application in uClinux system can be developed. This thesis introduces one application-embedded web server and its protocol-HTTP. We have already solved the problem of developing ARM and researched the project of developing ARM. The important thing is that we successfully solved the difficulties of porting uClinux into ARM hardware platform. This provides with a higher practice and research value in the field of studying embedded system. Our embedded system has the characters of low cost and high efficiency. At last,a sum-up and prospect of some other usage of Linux embedded system are given.
引文
[1] Wayne Wolf, Computers As components Principles of Embedded System Design, Princeton University , USA
[2] Terry Bollinger, Linux in Practice: An Overview of Applications, IEEE Software, January/February, 1999
[3] Alex Lennon, Embedding Linux, IEE REVIEW MAY, 2001
[4] 马忠梅，马广云，徐英慧等编著，ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础， 北京航空航天大学出版社
[5] http://www.arm.com
[6] 金西黄汪，基于嵌入式的信息家电开发与应用前景，源至Internet
[7] 嵌入式LINUX简介，源至Imternet
[8] 陈晓平，嵌入式计算机的软件开发概述，软件世界．1997，(9) ．-4-7
[9] 嵌入式系统以及如何构造一个嵌入式系统概览，中国Linux论坛
[10] 李江常葆林，嵌入式操作系统设计中的若干问题，微型机与应用2000， 第八期
[11] Michael Kaskowitz,System Design in the 21st Century,issue of Electronic News, April 9,2001
[12] 吕京建肖海桥，面向21世纪的嵌入式系统，Semiconductor Technology vol．26 Nol，January 2001
[13] 郑泽胜，嵌入式系统以及实时软件开发，www．pocketix．com
[14] 邹思轶主编，嵌入式Linux设计与应用，清华大学出版社
[15] 王学龙编著，嵌入式Linux系统设计与应用，清华大学出版社
[16] 基于Linux的嵌入式操作系统研究，来自毕业论文
[17] 黄敦，如何构造嵌入式Linux系统，中国Linux论坛
[18] 李方军，徐永红，嵌入式操作系统的发展与应用，教学与科技，2002年6 月第2期
[19] 嵌入式操作系统在中国的发展现状与前景，信息技术与应用
[20] 沈可，使用嵌入式Linux操作系统进行软件开发的特点及优势，电脑开发 与应用第14卷第7期
[21] http://www.uclinux.org
[22] www.hhcn.com
[23] CPU_s3c4510b_rev1． pdf
[24] 39VF160． pdf
[25] Software Drivers for SST39VF160 16 Mbit Multi-Purpose Flash
[26] DRAM_S641632． pdf
[27] spec-8201(103) .pdf
[28] ARM Target Development System User Guide
[29] ARM Software Development Toolkit User Guide
[30] http://mac.os.nctu.edu.tw
[31] uClinux开发环境建立步骤，www．hhcn．com
[32] http://www.gnu.org
[33] 如何定制最小化Linux，中国Linux论坛
[34] Linux Kernel核心中文手册，源至蓝森林软件
[35] 赵现军梁久斌，Linux的启动过程，电脑编程技巧与维护．2000，(2) ．-16-18，23
[36] 《Linux操作系统及实验教程》，李善平等编著，机械工业出版社
[37] http://www.pocketix.com
[38] http://www.linuxforum.net
[39] http://www.wirspeed.com/uclinux
[40] http://www.linuxdoc.org
[41] Beyond Logic公司主页：http://www.bevondiogic.org/提供了许多嵌入式 Linux系统开发的资料
[42] 中国嵌入式系统开发网：http://www.embed.com.cn
[43] 国内著名Linux源代码研究组织：http：／／www．lisoleg．org
[44] 陈向阳，Linux实用大全，科学出版社
[45] Andrew S. Tanenbaum, computer networks, Prentice Hall
[46] 聂元铭，实用网络技术，科学出版社，2002
[47] 王超，胡晨等，嵌入式系统中HTTP协议的实现，电子器件，Vol．25，No．1， March．，2002
[48] Fielding R, Gettys J, Mogul J, Frystyk H. RFC 2068 Hypertext Transfer Protocol-HTTP/1． 1． MIT/LCS, UC Irvine, January 1997
[49] Franks J., Hallam-Baker P, Hostetler J, Lawrence S, Leach P, Luotonen A, Sink E. and L. Stewart, "HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication", RFC2617, June 1999